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The shape resembles that of an alligator (Tuó) but is shorter and smaller. It also resembles a carp but has four feet. It burrows into hillsides to live. Also known as Pangolin (Chuānshānjiǎ). After killing it, do not keep it near the banks of dikes or levees, for fear that its blood will seep into the soil and cause leakage. (According to *Yongzhou Ji*) Whenever an oil container leaks, peeling off the membrane inside the scales and placing it at the leak site will cause it to naturally move to the leak and seal it. (According to *Duoneng Bishi*)

[Scales]
Pungent and salty in flavor. Slightly cold in nature. Toxic. Enters the Foot-Jueyin Liver Meridian. Also enters the Hand-Yangming Large Intestine Meridian and Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian. *Bencao Jing Jizhu* (*Bielu*) treats fright, crying, and sorrow caused by the "Five Evils" (Wǔ Xié). (Taken as powder after burning). Ri Hua-zi treats childhood fright evil, women's ghost-induced weeping, as well as tinea, pruritus, hemorrhoids, and fistulas. *Bencao Gangmu* eliminates phlegm, malaria with chills and fever, wind-bi with stiffness and pain, promotes lactation, reduces carbuncles and swellings, discharges pus and blood, opens orifices, and kills parasites. This creature eats ants and can treat ant-fistulas (Yǐ Lóu). (Zhenbai) Can promote Qi circulation and invigorate blood. (Its nature is good at moving, capable of circulating stagnant blood and unblocking collaterals; thus it reduces toxic carbuncles, discharges pus and blood, and promotes lactation.) The skin and scales resemble armor; the spine is raised like fish scales. It lives in burrows like beasts, penetrates mountains and crosses rivers. As a scaly animal, it represents the flourishing aspect of the Liver and the surplus of sinews. It embodies Metal controlling Wood, and Metal interacting with Wood, hence possessing tough hair and hard shells. It specifically enters the Taiyin Lung Meridian and Jueyin Liver Meridian, because Taiyin is the beginning of meridian entry, and Jueyin is the end of the meridian cycle. Therefore, where disease resides, if there is blockage, use draining methods; if there is leakage, use tonifying methods. Such as profuse discharge, weeping-like symptoms, leaking sores, carbuncles, and blocked milk secretion—these are disasters caused by blockage. Fright, crying, and sorrow from the Five Evils occur when the Hun (Ethereal Soul) loses stability due to excessive control/restriction. In form-zang organs, this manifests as leakage; in the Five Evils, it belongs to blockage. Using draining methods addresses the mutual excessive control, causing no hindrance to either. (Zhiyi) For cases of wind-damp-cold bi syndrome, unbearable pain caused by water-dampness: add seven slices of Pangolin Scale to Wuji San. Observe where the pain is located, take one slice corresponding to that spot on the pangolin's body, decoct with green onion and ginger, add one spoonful of pure wine, take hot to induce sweating, and avoid wind. Very effective. Earth-fried, combined with Licorice Root (Gancao) and child's urine, treats upper jiao internal injury and pain in the chest and diaphragm. Combined with Angelica Sinensis Root (Danggui), White Peony Root (Baizhi), Honeysuckle Flower (Jinyinhua), Forsythia Fruit (Lianqiao), Purple Viper Bugloss Herb (Zididing), Prunella Vulgaris (Xiakucao), Fritillaria Bulb (Beimu), and Gleditsia Spine (Zaocisici), treats unruptured carbuncles and swellings, acting as a guiding herb. With Rehmannia Root (Shengdihuang), Arnebia Root/Lithospermum Root (Zicao), and Raw Rhinoceros Horn (Shengxijiao - *note: modern substitutes used*), treats measles/rubella that are red, dry, and withered. For wind-dan with itching: wash Pangolin Scale to remove fishy odor, stir-fry on a tile until preserved in nature. Add one liang each of Licorice Root (Gancao) and Sanguisorba Root (Diyu) to treat pudendal abscess (Biandu). For pudendal abscess/carbuncle: half liang of Pangolin Scale, two qian of Polyporus (Zuling), both vinegar-fried. Powdered Pangolin Scale mixed with sesame oil and Calomel (Qingfen) applied topically. Or simply apply earth. For horse-boil toxic swelling: burn Pangolin Scale, mix and take three to four times, then use purgatives to expel evil substances, leading to recovery. For persistent ant-fistula: fourteen pieces of Pangolin Scale, roasted until brittle. Earth-fried Pangolin Scale, Mustard Seed (Banmao), and prepared Mugwort Wortex (Shuai Ai) ground equally into powder and applied externally. Cover with leaves of Chinese Tallow Tree (Wubaiye).

[Discussion]
Recently, Pangolin Scale is used to treat wind-bi and phlegmatic malaria, unblock meridians, and promote lactation. Its application is more specialized in dermatology/surgery, seemingly aligning with the treatments for fright evil and sorrow mentioned in *Bielu* and Ri Hua-zi... [Text fragment missing/obscure] ...Zhiyi stated... to promote free flow... cannot be guided first. Must root in... such is the Qi and Blood... Mr. Mou could be said to have profound insight... preventing deficiency from generating... As Mr. Miu stated, for carbuncles and ulcers that have already ruptured, it should not be taken. For measles/rubella where Yuan Qi is insufficient and cannot erupt, it should not be used. Its nature is specifically dispersing and moving; stop taking it once the disease is cured. Do not...

[Differentiation and Treatment Preparation]
The tail scales are thick and pointed with a triangular shape, providing stronger efficacy. Methods include calcining, burning, frying with butter, vinegar-frying, frying with child's urine, or oil-frying. Earth-frying or sand-frying. For ear pain, fry with Ground Cricket (Tugou). For tinnitus and deafness, fry with clam powder. For inverted eyelashes and curled hairs, smear the scale with sheep kidney fat and roast. Modify according to each syndrome and organ, inferring by analogy. There are no instances of raw use.