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According to the *Lin Hai Zhi* (Records of Linyi): It is found in the East China Sea. Its shape resembles that of a deer, with a head like a dog and a long tail. Whenever the sun rises, it floats on the surface of the water. The Kunlun people capture it using bows and arrows, taking its external kidneys (testes), which are then dried in the shade for one hundred days. Its taste is sweet, fragrant, and delicious; its nature is greatly warm, and it is non-toxic. It primarily treats five exhaustions and seven injuries (chronic debilitating conditions caused by overwork or emotional distress), impotence (erectile dysfunction), lack of strength, deficiency and wasting due to weak kidney qi (vital energy of the kidneys), fatigue and oppression in the back and shoulders, dark complexion, and cold essence. It is most effective. When incorporated into various prescriptions, it should first be decocted with wine in a silver vessel before being combined with other herbs; otherwise, soaking and roasting it in good wine for medicinal use is also acceptable. (*Da Guan Ben Cao*, Vol. 18, p. 12; *Zheng He Ben Cao*, p. 394; *Ben Cao Gang Mu*, p. 1798)

According to the *Guang Zhou Ji* (Records of Guangzhou): It is found in the South China Sea. It treats seminal emission in men, deficiency exhaustion and damage, tonifies the upright qi (healthy vital energy) of the kidneys, stops night sweats, removes vexation and heat, treats heat diseases caused by yin injury, can nourish the body, calm the spirit (shen), and treat pediatric convulsions and epilepsy. Long-term consumption makes the body light and agile. When used, roast it until slightly yellow and fully cooked, then grind it into an extremely fine powder for incorporation into pills and powders. (*Da Guan Ben Cao*, Vol. 20, p. 6; *Zheng He Ben Cao*, p. 412; *Ben Cao Gang Mu*, p. 1638)

It treats green blindness and internal cataracts (visual impairments and lens opacities), as well as extreme bone-steaming fatigue due to wind-heat in the liver and lungs, all with good efficacy. When used, wrap it in flour and bake/roast it thoroughly, then scrape off the outer black layer and coarse skin. Pound it until soft, sieve it finely, and further grind it in a mortar and pestle until it resembles flour, before it is ready for use. (*Da Guan Ben Cao*, Vol. 20, p. 12; *Zheng He Ben Cao*, p. 416; *Ben Cao Gang Mu*, p. 1642)

According to the *Zheng Jing*: It grows in the valleys of Guangzhou, and its shell has a bitter taste. It treats leukorrhea (red and white vaginal discharge) in women, breaks up accumulations and masses (abdominal lumps), stubborn wind-cold bi syndrome (painful obstruction syndrome due to wind-cold-dampness), and qi stagnation in the joints. If processed by diviners, it is even better. The shells should be roasted until yellow before being added to medicines. (*Da Guan Ben Cao*, Vol. 20, p. 8; *Zheng He Ben Cao*, p. 414; *Ben Cao Gang Mu*, p. 1627)

According to the *Ming Yi Bie Lu* (Additional Records of Famous Physicians): It is found in the South China Sea. Its taste is sweet and salty, and it is non-toxic. It treats heart qi gui zhu (a condition characterized by mental restlessness resembling possession or wandering spirits), gu poison (parasitic poisoning), and hematemesis (vomiting blood). The skin has pearl-like spots. (*Zheng He Ben Cao*, p. 434)