谨按《广志》云∶生西海诸山。味辛，平，无毒。主恶疮肿 ，止痛，生肌，并
入膏用；烧之能辟远近恶气；带之夜行，壮胆，安神；与茆香、柳枝合为汤，浴小儿则易
长。（《大观》卷八页７０，《政和》页２１４，《纲目》页８２８）
谨按徐表《南州记》，生南海山野中。主三消，五淋，下痰，小儿赤白毒痢，蛇
毒，瘅、溪等毒。一切疮肿，并宜煎服。只出南中，诸无所出也。（《大观》卷八页７１，《
政和》页２１５，《纲目》页１０５６）
谨按《太康记》云∶生安南、朱崖上，彼无水，惟大瓠中有天生水。味甘，冷
，香美。主解大热，止烦渴，润五脏，利水道。彼人造饮馔皆瓠也。（《大观》卷八页７１，
《政和》页２１５，《纲目》页１０５４）
主宿食不消，五鬲，痰壅，水气浮肿，香港脚，贲 气，并良。（《大观》卷九页１１
，《政和》页２２２，《纲目》页１０７２）
谨按《异志》，生东海水中，其草顺流而生。新罗者黄黑色，叶细。胡人采得搓之
为索，阴干，舶上来中国。性温，主大腹水肿，诸浮气，并瘿瘤气结等，良。（《大观》卷
九页１３，《政和》页２２２，《纲目》页１０７３）
谨按《广志》云∶生石昆仑国，是木津液，如桃胶状。其色黑者不堪，其状黄散者
为上。其味辛、温。善主于风邪鬼注，并心腹中冷服饵。又云南长河中亦有阿魏，与舶上来
者滋味相似一般，只无黄色。（《大观》卷九页１７，《政和》页２２４，《纲目》页１３７９）
According to the *Guang Zhi* (Broad Records): It grows in the mountains of various regions west of the sea. Its taste is pungent, its nature is neutral, and it is non-toxic. It primarily treats malignant sores and swelling, relieves pain, promotes tissue regeneration, and is used in the preparation of plasters; burning it can repel foul odors from near and far; carrying it while traveling at night strengthens courage and calms the spirit; decocting it with *Muxiang* (Agastache Herba) and willow branches for bathing infants facilitates growth. (Cited from *Daguan Bencao*, Vol. 8, p. 70; *Zhenghe Bencao*, p. 214; *Bencao Gangmu*, p. 828)
According to Xu Biao's *Nanzhou Ji* (Records of the Southern Provinces): It grows in the wild mountains and forests of the southern seas. It treats Sanxiao (Three Wasting-Thirst syndromes), Wulin (Five Strangury syndromes), reduces phlegm, treats pediatric red-and-white dysentery, snake venom, and toxins such as Danre (Heat-Toxin) and Xidu (Stream Toxin). All types of sores and swellings are suitable for treatment via decoction and oral administration. It is exclusively produced in the southern regions and not found elsewhere. (Cited from *Daguan Bencao*, Vol. 8, p. 71; *Zhenghe Bencao*, p. 215; *Bencao Gangmu*, p. 1056)
According to the *Taikang Ji*: It grows in Annan and Zhuya. In those places, there is no water source, only natural water contained within large gourds. Its taste is sweet, its nature is cold, and it has a pleasant fragrance. It treats severe heat, relieves thirst and irritability, moistens the five zang organs, and promotes urination. Locals use these gourds for preparing food and drinks. (Cited from *Daguan Bencao*, Vol. 8, p. 71; *Zhenghe Bencao*, p. 215; *Bencao Gangmu*, p. 1054)
It effectively treats retained food that fails to digest, Wuge (Five Obstructions in the chest/diaphragm), phlegm congestion, edema caused by water qi, Jiaoxie (Beriberi), Benqi (Qi rushing upward from the lower abdomen to the heart/chest), among other conditions. (Cited from *Daguan Bencao*, Vol. 9, p. 11; *Zhenghe Bencao*, p. 222; *Bencao Gangmu*, p. 1072)
According to the *Yi Zhi* (Strange Records): It grows in the eastern ocean waters, with the plant growing along the current. The variety from Silla is yellowish-black with fine leaves. Hu merchants harvest it, twist it into ropes, dry it in the shade, and transport it to China by ship. Its nature is warm. It treats massive abdominal edema, various floating qi disorders, and qi stagnation leading to Yingliu (goiter or neck masses), showing good efficacy. (Cited from *Daguan Bencao*, Vol. 9, p. 13; *Zhenghe Bencao*, p. 222; *Bencao Gangmu*, p. 1073)
According to the *Guang Zhi*: It originates from the Kingdom of Shi Kunlun and is the resinous exudate of trees, resembling peach gum in appearance. Those with black color are unusable, while those appearing as yellow powder are considered superior. Its taste is pungent, and its nature is warm. It is particularly effective in treating Fengxie Guizhu (illnesses caused by wind pathogens or "ghostly" influences causing sudden collapse or convulsions) and coldness in the heart and abdomen when taken orally. It is also reported that Asafoetida exists in the long rivers of Yunnan, similar in flavor to the imported variety, but lacking the yellow hue. (Cited from *Daguan Bencao*, Vol. 9, p. 17; *Zhenghe Bencao*, p. 224; *Bencao Gangmu*, p. 1379)