伤寒绪论曰∶初发病时，头项痛，腰脊强，恶寒，足太阳也；
发热面赤、恶风，手太阳也∶目疼、鼻干、不得卧，足阳明也∶蒸热而渴，手阳明也；胸胁满痛、口苦，足少
阳也∶耳聋，及病寒热往来，手少阳也；腹满、自利而吐，足太阴也；口干、津不到咽，手太阴也；脉沉细、
口燥渴，足少阴也；舌干、不得卧，手太阴也；耳聋、囊缩、不知人事，足厥阴也；烦满、厥逆，手厥阴也。
医略曰∶太阳之脉上连风府，循腰脊，故头项痛，腰脊强；阳明之脉，挟鼻络于目，故身热，目疼，鼻干，不
得卧；少阳之脉，循胁，络于耳，故胸胁痛而耳聋；太阴脉布胃中，络于嗌，故腹满而嗌干∶少阴脉贯肾，络
于肺，系舌本，故口燥舌干而渴；厥阴脉循阴器，而络于肝，故烦满而囊缩。凡外感病，无论暴感伏气，或由
外而入内，则由三阳而传入三阴∶或由内而达外，则由三阴而外出三阳。六经各有见证，即各有界限可凭。治
病者指其见证，即可知其病之浅深。问其前见何证，今见何证，即可知病之传变。伤寒如此，温病何独不热。
素问热病论、仲景伤寒论均以此立法，圣人复起，莫此易也。近贤叶氏，始有伤寒分六经，温病分三焦之论，
谓出河间。其实温热病之法，至河间始详；至温病分三焦之论，河间并无此说，其书具在，可复按也。厥后吴
鞠通着温病条辨，遂专主三焦，废六经而不论。殊不知人身经络，有内外浅深之别，而不欲使上下之截然不通
也。其上焦篇提纲云∶凡温病者，始于上焦，在手太阴。试观温邪初发者，其果悉见上焦肺经之见证乎，即或
见上焦之证，其果中下焦能丝毫无病乎？鞠通苟虚心诊视，应亦自知其说之不可通矣。况伤寒温热，为病不同
，而六经之见证则同；用药不同，而六经之立法则同。治温病者，乌可舍六经而不讲者哉。
附录医悟
表证∶
发热、恶寒，身痛，四肢拘急、喘。
太阳经证∶
头痛、项脊强、脉浮、脉伏。
阳明经证∶
目痛、鼻干、唇焦、漱水不欲咽、尺寸俱长。
少阳经证∶
耳聋、胸满、胁痛、目眩、口苦、苔滑、脉弦。
半表里证∶
呕吐、寒热往来、头汗、盗汗。
太阴经证∶
腹微满、脉沉实、自利。
少阴经证∶
口燥咽干而渴、咽痛、下利清水、目不明。
厥阴经证∶
少腹满、囊缩、舌卷、厥逆、消渴。
太阳腑证∶
口渴、溺赤。
阳明腑证∶
潮热、谵语、狂乱、不得眠、自汗、手足汗、便闭。
The *Shanghan Xulun* (Introduction to Cold Damage) states: At the onset of the disease, if there is headache, stiffness of the neck and spine, rigidity of the lower back and spine, and aversion to cold, this is a syndrome of the Foot-Taiyang Meridian; fever, redness of the face, and aversion to wind indicate the Hand-Taiyang Meridian; eye pain, dryness of the nose, and inability to lie down indicate the Foot-Yangming Meridian; steaming heat accompanied by thirst indicates the Hand-Yangming Meridian; fullness and pain in the chest and hypochondrium, along with bitter taste in the mouth, indicate the Foot-Shaoyang Meridian; deafness, and alternating chills and fever (Hanre Wanglai), indicate the Hand-Shaoyang Meridian; abdominal fullness, spontaneous diarrhea, and vomiting indicate the Foot-Taiyin Meridian; dry mouth and saliva failing to reach the throat indicate the Hand-Taiyin Meridian; a deep and fine pulse, dry mouth, and thirst indicate the Foot-Shaoyin Meridian; a dry tongue and inability to lie down indicate the Hand-Taiyin Meridian (Note: Textual error suspected in original, likely referring to Hand-Shaoyin or Jueyin based on symptoms); deafness, retraction of the scrotum, and loss of consciousness indicate the Foot-Jueyin Meridian; vexation and fullness, along with cold extremities (Jueni), indicate the Hand-Jueyin Meridian.
The medical text *Yilue* states: The Foot-Taiyang meridian connects upward to the Fengfu acupoint (Fengfu, GV16) and follows the spine; therefore, it presents with headache, neck stiffness, and rigidity of the lower back and spine. The Foot-Yangming meridian flanks the nose and connects to the eyes; therefore, it presents with body heat, eye pain, nasal dryness, and insomnia. The Foot-Shaoyang meridian follows the costal region and connects to the ears; therefore, it presents with chest and hypochondriac pain and deafness. The Foot-Taiyin meridian spreads within the stomach and connects to the pharynx; therefore, it presents with abdominal fullness and pharyngeal dryness. The Foot-Shaoyin meridian penetrates the Kidney, connects to the Lung, and ties to the root of the tongue; therefore, it presents with dry mouth, dry tongue, and thirst. The Foot-Jueyin meridian follows the genital organs and connects to the Liver; therefore, it presents with vexation, fullness, and scrotal retraction.
Generally speaking, regarding exogenous diseases, whether they are acute infections or latent pathogens emerging, if the pathogen enters from the exterior into the interior, it transmits from the Three Yang meridians to the Three Yin meridians; if it emerges from the interior to the exterior, it moves from the Three Yin meridians out to the Three Yang meridians. Each of the Six Meridians has its specific manifestations, and thus has distinct boundaries for reference. By identifying these manifestations, a practitioner can determine the depth of the disease. By asking what symptoms appeared previously and what appear currently, one can understand the transmission of the disease. This applies to Shanghan (Cold Damage); why should Wenbing (Warm Diseases) be any different? Both the *Suwen: Rebing Lun* (Plain Questions: Treatise on Heat Diseases) and Zhang Zhongjing's *Shanghan Lun* (Treatise on Cold Damage Disorders) establish their methods upon this principle. Even if sages were to rise again, nothing would be easier than this. Recently, the learned Ye Tianshi proposed that Shanghan is differentiated by the Six Meridians while Wenbing is differentiated by the Triple Burner (Sanjiao), claiming this originated from Liu Wansu. However, while Liu Wansu detailed the methods for warm-heat diseases, he did not propose the differentiation of Wenbing by the Triple Burner; his works exist and can be verified. Later, Wu Jutong wrote the *Wenbing Tiaobian* (Systematic Differentiation of Warm Diseases) and exclusively advocated the Triple Burner system, discarding the Six Meridians. He failed to realize that the meridians of the human body have distinctions of interior/exterior and superficial/deep, yet they do not allow the upper and lower parts to be completely disconnected. In the outline of his Upper Burner chapter, he states: "All warm diseases begin in the Upper Burner, affecting the Hand-Taiyin Lung Meridian." Let us observe: when warm pathogens first emerge, do they invariably present only with manifestations of the Upper Burner Lung Meridian? Even if Upper Burner symptoms are present, can it be said that the Middle and Lower Burners are entirely free of disease? If Wu Jutong had examined patients with an open mind, he would have realized the flaw in his own theory. Moreover, although Shanghan and warm-heat diseases differ in etiology, their Six Meridian manifestations are the same; although the medications used differ, the legislative principles of the Six Meridians remain the same. How can practitioners of Wenbing abandon the study of the Six Meridians?
Appendix: *Yiwu*:
Exterior Syndrome:
Fever, aversion to cold, body pain, spasm and tightness of the four limbs, asthma.
Foot-Taiyang Meridian Syndrome:
Headache, stiffness of the neck and spine, floating pulse, hidden pulse.
Foot-Yangming Meridian Syndrome:
Eye pain, nasal dryness, cracked lips, desire to rinse the mouth but no desire to swallow, long pulses at all three positions (Cun, Guan, Chi).
Foot-Shaoyang Meridian Syndrome:
Deafness, chest fullness, hypochondriac pain, dizziness, bitter taste, slippery tongue coating, wiry pulse.
Half-Exterior Half-Interior Syndrome:
Vomiting, alternating chills and fever, sweating on the head, night sweats.
Foot-Taiyin Meridian Syndrome:
Mild abdominal fullness, deep and solid pulse, spontaneous diarrhea.
Foot-Shaoyin Meridian Syndrome:
Dry mouth and throat with thirst, sore throat, watery diarrhea, blurred vision.
Foot-Jueyin Meridian Syndrome:
Fullness of the lower abdomen, scrotal retraction, curled tongue, cold extremities, excessive thirst (Xiaoke).
Foot-Taiyang Fu Organ Syndrome:
Thirst, dark urine.
Foot-Yangming Fu Organ Syndrome:
Tidal fever, delirium, mania, insomnia, spontaneous sweating, sweating of hands and feet, constipation.