自汗者，不因发散，自然汗出也。伏邪中溃，气通得汗，邪欲去也。若脉长洪而
数，身热大渴，宜白虎汤，得战汗方解。里证下后，续得自汗，虽二三日不止，甚则四五
日不止，身微热，热甚则汗甚，热微汗亦微，此属实，乃表有留邪也，邪尽汗止。汗不止者，
宜柴
表
当盛暑，多作自汗，宜下之。白虎证自汗详见前。若面无神色，唇口刮白，表里无阳证，喜
热饮，稍冷则畏，脉微欲绝，忽得自汗，淡而无味者为虚脱，夜发则昼死，昼发则夜亡，
急当峻补，补不及者死。大病愈后数日，每饮食及惊动即汗，此表里虚怯，宜人参养荣汤倍
黄。
里证下后，续得盗汗者，表有微邪也。若邪甚竟作自汗，伏邪中溃，则作战汗矣
。凡人目张，则卫气行于阳，目瞑，则卫气行于阴，行阳谓升发于表，行阴谓敛降于内。今
内有伏热，而又遇卫气，两阳相搏，热蒸于外则腠理开而盗汗出矣。若内伏之邪一尽，则盗汗
自止，设不止者，宜柴胡汤以佐之。时疫愈后，脉静身凉，数日后反得盗汗及自汗者，此属表
虚，宜黄 汤。
柴胡汤
柴胡（三钱） 黄芩（一钱） 陈皮（一钱） 甘草（一钱） 生姜（一钱） 大枣（二枚）
古方用人参半夏，今表里实，故不用人参。无呕吐，不加半夏。
黄 汤
黄 （三钱） 五味子（三钱） 当归（一钱） 白术（一钱） 甘草（五分）
照常煎服。如汗未止，加麻黄净根一钱五分，无有不止者，然属实常多，属虚常少，邪气盛
为实，正气夺为虚。虚实之分，在乎有热无热，有热为实，无热为虚。若颠倒误用，未免实
实虚虚之误，临证当慎。
Spontaneous sweating refers to sweating that occurs naturally without the use of diaphoretic (sweat-inducing) therapies. When latent pathogens (latent evil) disperse within, and qi circulation becomes smooth, sweating ensues, indicating that the pathogen is about to depart. If the pulse is long, surging, and rapid, accompanied by high fever and extreme thirst, Baihu Tang (White Tiger Decoction) is indicated; resolution occurs only after a shivering sweat (zhan han) appears. After purgation for interior syndromes, if spontaneous sweating continues for two or three days, or even up to four or five days, with only slight fever—where heavier heat leads to more sweating and lighter heat leads to less sweating—it constitutes an excess syndrome due to residual pathogens on the exterior. Sweating will cease once the pathogens are exhausted. If sweating persists, Chai Hu formulas (Bupleurum-based decoctions) should be used to address the exterior. Note that during midsummer, spontaneous sweating is common and may require purgative therapy. For spontaneous sweating associated with Baihu Tang patterns, refer to the preceding text. If the face lacks luster, lips and mouth appear pale, there are no exterior or interior yang-excess signs, the patient prefers hot drinks and fears cold, and the pulse is faint and nearly imperceptible, sudden spontaneous sweating with clear, tasteless fluid indicates collapse of deficiency. Death may occur at noon if onset is at night, or at night if onset is during the day; urgent vigorous tonification is required, otherwise death ensues. Several days after recovery from a major illness, sweating triggered by eating or fright indicates deficiency and timidity of both exterior and interior; Ren Shen Yang Rong Tang (Ginseng Nourishing Harmony Decoction) with doubled Huang Qi (Astragalus) dosage is appropriate.
If nocturnal sweating (dao han) follows purgation for interior syndromes, it indicates slight pathogens remaining on the exterior. If pathogens are severe enough to cause spontaneous sweating, or if latent pathogens disperse internally leading to shivering sweat: Generally, when eyes are open, Wei Qi (Defensive Qi) circulates in the Yang aspect; when eyes are closed, Wei Qi circulates in the Yin aspect. Circulation in Yang means ascending and emerging at the surface; circulation in Yin means contracting and descending internally. Now, with latent heat inside encountering Wei Qi, the two Yang energies contend. Heat steaming outward opens the pores (cou li), resulting in nocturnal sweating. Once internal latent pathogens are completely cleared, nocturnal sweating stops spontaneously. If it persists, Chai Hu Tang (Bupleurum Decoction) should be used as an adjunct. After recovery from epidemic febrile diseases, if the pulse is calm and body temperature normal, but nocturnal and spontaneous sweating recur several days later, this belongs to exterior deficiency; Huang Qi Tang (Astragalus Decoction) is indicated.
Chai Hu Tang (Bupleurum Decoction)
Chai Hu (Bupleuri Radix) 3 qian, Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix) 1 qian, Chen Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) 1 qian, Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) 1 qian, Sheng Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) 1 qian, Da Zao (Jujubae Fructus) 2 pieces.
Ancient formulas used Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix) and Ban Xia (Pinelliae Rhizoma); however, since the current condition involves exterior-interior excess, Ren Shen is omitted. Ban Xia is not added if there is no vomiting.
Huang Qi Tang (Astragalus Decoction)
Huang Qi (Astragali Radix) 3 qian, Wu Wei Zi (Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus) 3 qian, Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) 1 qian, Bai Zhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) 1 qian, Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) 0.5 qian.
Decoct and administer as usual. If sweating does not stop, add Jing Gen Ma Huang (Ephedrae Herba cum radicibus purged) 1.5 qian; cessation is assured. However, excess cases are common, while deficiency cases are rare. Pathogen abundance defines excess; righteous qi depletion defines deficiency. The distinction between excess and deficiency lies in the presence or absence of heat: presence of heat indicates excess; absence indicates deficiency. Inverting these and using treatments incorrectly inevitably leads to the errors of "reinforcing excess" and "depleting deficiency"; clinical judgment must be cautious.