〔弘景曰〕藕实即莲子，八、九月采黑坚如石者，干捣破之。
〔颂曰〕其 至秋黑而沉水，为石莲子，可磨为饭食。
〔时珍曰〕石莲剁去黑壳，谓之莲肉。以水浸去赤皮、青心，生食
心，或晒或焙干用。亦有每一斤，用 猪肚一个盛贮，煮熟捣焙用者。
子，状如土石而味苦，不知何物也？
〔大明曰〕入药并炙用。
〔诜曰〕凡用蒸熟，烈日晒裂取仁，亦可舂取粉用。
〔时珍曰〕新者煮食良。入涩精药，连壳用也可。案刘 《暇日记》云∶芡实一斗，以
防风四两煎汤浸过用，且经久不坏。
〔 曰〕凡采得依纹擘碎，用绿梅子相对拌蒸一伏时，去梅子，砂盆中研如膏，瓦器晒
干用。
〔 曰〕灰 即金锁天叶，扑蔓翠上，往往有金星，堪用。若白青色者，是忌女茎，不
中用
日干
而叶
〔弘景曰〕服食胡麻，取乌色者，当九蒸九曝，熬捣饵之。断谷，长生，充饥，虽易得
而
汤丸尔。
〔 曰〕凡修事以水淘去浮者，晒干，以酒拌蒸，从巳至亥，出摊晒干。臼中舂去粗
留薄皮。以小豆对拌，同炒。豆熟，去豆用之。
〔宗 曰〕麻仁极难去壳。取帛包置沸汤中，浸至冷出之。垂井中一夜，勿令着水。次
日日中曝干，就新瓦上 去壳，簸扬取仁，粒粒皆完。张仲景麻仁丸，即此大麻子中仁也。
[Tao Hongjing said] Ou Shi (Lotus Seed) is the same as Lian Zi (Lotus Seed). Harvest those that are black and hard as stone in the eighth and ninth lunar months, dry them, and pound them to break them open.
[Su Song said] When they turn black and sink in water in autumn, they are called Shi Lian Zi (Stone Lotus Seed), which can be ground into flour for food.
[Li Shizhen said] Remove the black shell from Shi Lian Zi (Stone Lotus Seed), and it is called Lian Rou (Lotus Meat). Soak in water to remove the red skin and green plumule; if eaten raw, consuming the plumule causes bitterness, or it can be sun-dried or roasted for use. There is also a method where one jin of lotus seeds is stored in one pig stomach, boiled until cooked, then pounded and roasted. The "Zi" described here resembles earth/stone but tastes bitter; its identity is unknown.
[Meng Shen said] For medicinal use, it must be processed by roasting (Zhi).
[Meng Shen said] Generally, steam until cooked, sun-dry until cracked, then extract the kernel. It can also be pounded into powder for use.
[Li Shizhen said] Fresh ones are good when boiled and eaten. For formulas used to astringe essence, using them with the shell is acceptable. According to Liu's *Xia Ri Ji*: One dou of Qian Shi (Euryale Seed) soaked in decoction made from four liang of Fang Feng (Saposhnikovia Root) will not spoil for a long time.
[Meng Shen said] Select clean herbs for medicinal use, steam until cooked, sun-dry, winnow to remove black skins, stir-fry until yellow, and use.
[Anonymous said] After harvesting, split along the veins. Mix with green plum fruits and steam for one fu period (approx. two hours). Remove the plums, grind in a mortar until paste-like, and dry in earthenware vessels.
[Anonymous said] Hui Xiao (Chenopodium Album) leaves are also known as Jin Suo Tian Ye. They climb on vines and often have golden star spots, making them usable. If white or bluish-green, it is Ji Nv Jing, which is unusable. Dry in the sun; regarding the leaves...
[Tao Hongjing said] For consuming Hu Ma (Sesame), select black ones. Process through nine steaming and nine drying cycles, roast, pound, and take as pills. It can stop grain consumption, promote longevity, and satisfy hunger. Although easy to obtain, it can be made into soups or pills.
[Anonymous said] For processing, wash with water to remove floating impurities, sun-dry, mix with wine, and steam from Si hour to Hai hour. Spread out and sun-dry. Pound in a mortar to remove coarse husks, retaining only the thin skin. Stir-fry together with adzuki beans. Once the beans are cooked, remove the beans and use the sesame.
[Lei Xiao said] Ma Ren (Hemp Seed) is extremely difficult to dehusk. Wrap in cloth, soak in boiling water until cool, then remove. Hang in a well overnight, ensuring it does not touch water. Sun-dry at noon the next day, dehusk on new tiles, winnow to obtain the kernels, ensuring each grain remains intact. Zhang Zhongjing's Ma Ren Wan (Hemp Seed Pill) uses the kernels from this Da Ma Zi (Hemp Seed).