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The Yellow Emperor asked: Why do the manifestations of wind invading the five zang organs differ? I wish to hear about their diagnostic signs and pathogenesis. Qibo replied: The manifestation of lung wind includes profuse sweating, aversion to wind, a pale white complexion, frequent coughing with shortness of breath, improvement during the day, and aggravation in the evening. Diagnosis is performed at the area above the eyebrows, where the color is white; the manifestation of heart wind includes profuse sweating, aversion to wind, dryness and withering of the tongue, irritability, and fright, a red complexion, and when severe, speech is not fluent. Diagnosis is performed at the mouth, where the color is red; the manifestation of liver wind includes profuse sweating, aversion to wind, sadness, a slightly bluish-green complexion, dry throat, irritability, and occasional aversion to women. Diagnosis is performed below the eyes, where the color is green; the manifestation of spleen wind includes profuse sweating, aversion to wind, bodily lethargy and laziness, reluctance to move the limbs, a dull yellowish complexion, and loss of appetite. Diagnosis is performed at the tip of the nose, where the color is yellow; the manifestation of kidney wind includes profuse sweating, aversion to wind, puffy swelling of the face, back pain preventing standing upright, a black complexion, and difficulty in urination and defecation. Diagnosis is performed on the muscles, where the color is black.

This clarifies the disease patterns of wind pathogens invading the five zang organs during the five seasons. Wind pathogens must enter through the skin and hair; when the couli (interstices) are open and leaking, there is profuse sweating; because it is wind injury, there is aversion to wind, and this applies to all five zang organ diseases. The lung corresponds to white; when evil stagnates in lung qi, there is frequent coughing and shortness of breath. During the day, qi ascends and lung orifices open, so the condition improves; in the evening, qi descends and lung orifices close, so the condition worsens. Heart fire is suppressed by evil, leading to restlessness and irritability. The heart corresponds to red; speech is the voice of the heart, and the tongue is the sprout of the heart. Since articulation requires tongue movement, when the condition is severe, speech becomes unsmooth. Liver excess leads to anger, while deficiency leads to sadness. When evil resides within, both appear. Anger in heart wind occurs because wood assists fire; sadness in liver disease occurs because metal overacts on wood. The liver corresponds to bluish-green; wind-fire flaring upward causes dry throat. Anger represents yang excess hating yin, hence occasional aversion to women. Blue is an intensification of bluish-green. The spleen governs muscles and four limbs, hence heavy body, lethargy, and reluctance to move limbs. The spleen corresponds to yellow; when spleen transport and transformation are hindered, there is loss of appetite. The head is the convergence of all yang meridians. The Taiyang meridian is the master of all yang qi and is exteriorly-interiorly related to the kidney. Thus, kidney wind causes facial and head swelling, but not body swelling, because wind is a yang pathogen that ascends to the upper part rather than affecting the meridians. The spine is traversed by the Du Mai (Governing Vessel), which internally connects to the kidney, hence pain prevents standing upright. The kidney corresponds to black; urination and defecation are the gates of the kidney. "Yin qu" refers to the place of excretion.