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*Taiping Yulan*, *Yaoxing Zuan Yao*, *Shennong Benjing* (Huizhong), *Bencao Bei Yao*, *Yaoxing Qifang*, *Bencao Gangmu Leizuan Bidu*, *Bencao Hui Mengquan*, *Benlun*, *Shousheng Shuge Lan*, *Youcheng Mengtu Ben Ye Cai Jian*, *Linhai Shuitu Zhi Zhupu*, *Luoyang Huamu Zhi*, Liu's *Nanfang Caomu Zhuang*, Guo Tuotuo's *Zhong Wei Yu Pian*, Shen Huaiyuan's *Nanyue Zhi*, Zhou Shi's *Luoyang Mudan Ji*, Liu Lu Chen Zhu's *Tong Pu*, Yu Zongpu's *Xuepu Zas hu*, *Longyan Shoujing*, *Shanjia Qinggong*, *Gowan Pin*, Dun Yuan Jushi's *Yupin*, *Zhenzhuchuan*, Sheng Hongzhi's *Jingzhou Ji*, Lu Yu's *Chajing*, Gu Wei's *Guangzhou Ji*, Gu Yuanqing's *Chapu*, Liu's *Sishi Yiji*, Lu Shu's *Zazhi*, *Yiyu Tuzan* annotated with *Danqian Zonglu*, *Shu Tai Zhai Ya Wen Lu*, *Daming Yitong Zhi*, *Jinhua Fuzhi*, *Xinghua Fuzhi*, Dayuan Prefecture Gazetteer, *Quanzhou Fuzhi*, Pingyang Prefecture Gazetteer, Ningbo Prefecture Gazetteer, Tongzhou Prefecture Chang Prefecture Gazetteer, Zhenjiang Prefecture Jian Prefecture Gazetteer, Yuyao County Dong Tongzhi, Huian County Gazetteer, Haiyan County Gazetteer, Shi Yan Yao Xuanxiang, *Shuowen Jiezi*, *Zhengzitong*, Shaobu Yunhui, *Qunfang Pu*, Maoting Kehua, Yongchuang Duanju, Bishu Luhua, Guixin Zashi Xuji, Langhuan Ji, Gui Zhenwan Kao, Zhifu Ming Shu, Xing Shenglan.

Sweet in taste, slightly bitter, warm in nature. The best quality is plump and large, shaped like a chicken leg and resembling the human form, with a yellow color. When used, the rhizome (Lutou) should be removed; Poria (Fuling) and Kalimeris indica (Malan) are used as assistants. It is incompatible with halogenated salts, Gleditsia sinensis (Zaojiao), and Glycine max (Heidou); it is antagonistic to Veratrum nigrum (Lilu); it fears Aconitum carmichaelii processed with side roots (Wulingzhi); and it agitates Psilomelane (Zi Shiy ing).

Ginseng with skin retains a yellowish luster; Ginseng peeled like Saposhnikovia divaricata (Fangfeng) is firm and white like powder. Those resembling the human form are called "Child Ginseng" (Haier Shen), among which there are many forgeries. Exposure to wind and sun... Drugs from Tosado Michitoshi, although large, are used by combining several slices... that is, Ginseng fibers (Shenxu), which are the fine hairs on the root head, also referred to as Decoction Ginseng (Tangshen). Floating ones are likened to light gourds; users extract the juice... Originally produced in Satsuma Province, now found everywhere. It has three branches and five leaves, flowers in April and May, grows finely, resembles bamboo nodes, tastes very bitter. The fibers taste sweet and bitter when chewed, and their aroma is slightly similar to Ginseng, also known as Three-Branch Five-Leaf Fruit (Sanzhi Wuye Shi). People from that country, medical practitioners, Korean visitors' statements are mostly false and unreliable. Tang Ginseng imported from Qing... tastes sweet and slightly bitter, only needs to be transparent like meat. Those with horizontal wrinkles near the rhizome are fake Ginseng, which naturally cannot confuse the genuine. Generally, one should use... A type of leaf resembling Cnidium monnieri (Shechuangzi) or Daucus carota (Huluobo), root shape like Ginseng. Another type is famously named Ginseng. It is said that Kato Kiyomasa, during his campaign in Korea, brought back seeds... Also, White Ginseng from Kaga Province: mountains produce a herb, locals call it Ginseng, its root is about the size of a finger, aroma like... is an excellent variety among herbs. Besides these, those falsely named are numerous. Recently, people plant Peucedanum praeruptorum (Fang Kui) as Ginseng, steaming and processing its roots, sufficient to... Or again, Ginseng.