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San Yin Fang states that epilepsy is caused by sudden fright, which disrupts the Qi of the Zang organs, leading to stagnation and the generation of phlegm. This phlegm blocks the meridians, causing Jue (reversal) syndrome, thereby forming the disease. It may originate from fright received in the womb, or from contracting wind, cold, summer-heat, or dampness during childhood, or from irregular diet disrupting the Qi of the Zang organs. Generally, Wu Qi (sudden shock/impact) belongs to external causes, Jing Kong (fear/fright) belongs to internal causes, and dietary irregularities belong to neither internal nor external causes. Although the three causes differ, the pathological mechanism is consistent. Regarding this discussion, it is indeed accurate; however, clinically, epilepsy caused by intrauterine fright and dietary dysfunction is more common, while that caused by external pathogens occurs occasionally.

Qian Jin Fang states that there are three types of pediatric epilepsy: Feng Xian (Wind Epilepsy), Jing Xian (Fright Epilepsy), and Shi Xian (Food Epilepsy). Feng Xian arises when clothing is too warm, causing sweating, and wind pathogen enters. Initially, the fingers curl as if counting, followed by the onset of the seizure. Jing Xian originates from fright and terror, triggered by loud crying. Shi Xian begins with refusal to nurse, vomiting, subsequent fever, and then the onset of the seizure. Cases presenting with chills followed by fever are all Shi Xian. Jing Xian should be treated with moxibustion according to diagrams. Feng Xian should be treated with Zhu Xin Tang (Pig Heart Decoction), and Shi Xian should be treated with purgation to resolve; Zi Shuang Wan (Purple Frost Pill) is effective. This discussion on the three types of epilepsy seems to align with the classification of the Three Causes: Feng Xian belongs to external causes, Jing Xian to internal causes, and Shi Xian to neither internal nor external causes.

San Yin Fang mentions that ancient formulas include names such as San Xian (Three Epilepsies), Wu Zang Xian (Five Zang Epilepsies), and Liu Chu Xian (Six Livestock Epilepsies), with different manifestations that are difficult to record comprehensively. Additionally, Wu Xian (Five Epilepsies) are recorded: The first is Ma Xian (Horse Epilepsy), characterized by horse-like neighing. Since the Horse corresponds to Wu (noon) and is governed by Shao Yin Jun Huo (Ministerial Fire of the Hand Shaoyin Meridian), this disease arises from the Heart. The second is Yang Xian (Sheep Epilepsy), characterized by bleating. Since the Sheep corresponds to Wei and is governed by Tai Yin Shi Tu (Damp Earth of the Foot Taiyin Meridian), it corresponds to the Spleen. The third is Ji Xian (Chicken Epilepsy), characterized by crowing. Since the Chicken corresponds to You and is governed by Yang Ming Zao Jin (Dry Metal of the Foot Yangming Meridian), it corresponds to the Stomach. The fourth is Zhu Xian (Pig Epilepsy), characterized by grunting. Since the Pig corresponds to Hai and is governed by Jue Yin Xin Bao (Pericardium of the Hand Jueyin Meridian), it corresponds to the Right Kidney. The fifth is Niu Xian (Ox Epilepsy), characterized by bellowing. Since the Ox corresponds to Chou and is governed by Tai Yin Shi Tu (Damp Earth of the Hand Taiyin Meridian - *note: text says Hand Taiyin*, it corresponds to the Lung. These Five Epilepsies correspond to the Five Livestock, which in turn correspond to the Five Zang organs. During an attack, the patient experiences dizziness, falls, has pulling sensations in the mouth and eyes, upward rolling of the eyeballs, convulsions of the limbs, and rigidity of the back. After about the time it takes to eat a meal, they recover. Treatment should be administered according to the specific cause.

Qian Yi (Qian Shi) stated that treating the Five Epilepsies requires addressing the corresponding Zang organ. Each Zang corresponds to one animal: Quan Xian (Dog Epilepsy) presents with opisthotonos, upward staring, and barking, belonging to the Liver; Yang Xian (Sheep Epilepsy) presents with staring eyes, protruding tongue, and bleating, belonging to the Heart; Niu Xian (Ox Epilepsy) presents with fixed gaze, abdominal distension, and bellowing, belonging to the Spleen; Ji Xian (Chicken Epilepsy) presents with startle jumping, opisthotonos, relaxed hands, and crowing, belonging to the Lung; Zhu Xian (Pig Epilepsy) presents as corpse-like stiffness, foaming at the mouth, and grunting, belonging to the Kidney. Severe cases of the Five Epilepsies result in death, as do those with severe relapses. Mild cases are primarily treated with Wu Se Wan (Five Color Pill).

Commentary: Qian Jin Fang lists six livestock epilepsies: Horse, Ox, Sheep, Pig, Dog, and Chicken, without assigning them to the Five Zang organs. However, the Wu Xian cited in San Yin Fang lacks Quan Xian (Dog Epilepsy), while Qian Shi's Wu Xian lacks Ma Xian (Horse Epilepsy). The two books assign five animals to the five Zang organs differently, and the rationale is unclear. San Yin Fang includes Ma Xian but excludes Quan Xian, and claims the Five Zang include the Stomach but exclude the Kidney; these assertions are difficult to substantiate due to lack of supporting records.