验方（朱丹溪） 香薷治口臭如神，煎浓汤含之。
又方（内府） 连翘为末糊丸。如食韭、蒜后，用茶吞二三钱，口中浊气即化为清气，神效。
口臭秽及 齿肿痛 北细辛一两煎浓汁热嗽，冷即吐去。
又方 川芎泡汤，日漱五七次，半月愈。
口气热臭 干甜瓜子去壳研细，蜜少许，调丸如枣核大，食后含化，敷牙齿上。
《心法》曰∶脾胃积热，口角生疮。
俗云∶小儿误用剪刀剪饮食瓜果，食之即生剪口疮。
胡公弼曰∶小儿口角生疮，名夹口疮，又名燕口疮。
澄曰∶剪口疮又名夹口疮，脾热者多患此。亦有父母遗毒，小儿口角色白生疮，
久而不愈，又当以真蟾酥磨汁调白降丹，涂之自愈。否则必发疮毒，又当分别，不可只以脾热治之。
口角烂疮 乱头发洗净 存性，研
细，猪油调搽。
又方 蒸笼上或锅盖上气汗水，涂之。
小儿燕口疮 青布烧灰涂之，或用蜜调亦可。
燕口疮 头发烧灰存性，米饮调服并敷。
陈实功曰∶鹅口疮，乃心脾二经胎热上攻所致。其证满口皆生白斑雪片，甚则
咽间叠叠肿起，致难乳哺，哺时必多啼叫。急用青纱一条裹箸头上，蘸新汲水揩去白
苔，以净为度，重手出血不妨，随以冰硼散搽之。（《正宗》）
冯鲁瞻曰∶鹅口者，乃胎热蕴蓄心脾，上蒸于口，舌上遍生白屑，如鹅之口。（《锦囊》）
汤氏曰∶初生，口内白屑满舌上，不能吮乳，谓之鹅口。急以乱发缠指头，蘸
薄荷汁或井华水拭净。如不脱，用四宝丹掺之。
若初生百日内，口中生白点无数，拭之则去，少刻复有，口角流涎，日夜啼哭
不乳，又名鹅口白屑。皆由胎热或母贪嗜酒面，遗热于儿，用甘草、黄连各一钱煎
浓，以帛裹手指，口中拭去再不复发。（《赤水玄珠》）
奎光曰∶鹅口一名雪口，先须搅去白衣，用口疳药（方载咽喉门）吹。频搅频吹，内服
犀角汁或犀角解毒丸。
骆潜庵曰∶小儿胎火攻心，上 有白点，状如粟米，名曰乳鹅；或口内白沫满
口，上 戴碍，状如鹅口，开而不合，语声不出，服食多艰。皆由热毒上攻也，宜
延寿丹。（《推拿秘书》）
Prescription (Zhu Danxi): Moslae Herba (Xiangru) is miraculous for treating halitosis; decoct into a concentrated solution and gargle.
Another prescription (Imperial Household Bureau): Make Fructus Forsythiae (Lianqiao) into powder, bind with paste to form pills. If taken after consuming garlic or leeks, swallow two or three qian with tea; the turbid qi in the mouth will immediately transform into clear qi, with divine efficacy.
Halitosis accompanied by tooth swelling and pain: Decoct one liang of Asari Radix et Rhizoma (Beixixin) into a concentrated liquid, gargle while hot, and spit out when cooled.
Another prescription: Infuse Ligusticum Chuanxiong Rhizome (Chuanxiong) in water to make a soup, rinse the mouth five to seven times daily; it will heal within half a month.
Hot and foul breath: Remove the shells from dried seeds of Benincasa hispida (Tian Guazi), grind finely, mix with a little honey, and form pills the size of a jujube pit. Hold in the mouth to dissolve after meals, applying to the teeth.
*Yizong Xinfa* states: Accumulated heat in the Spleen and Stomach causes sores at the corners of the mouth.
Folklore says: If infants mistakenly eat fruits or vegetables cut with scissors, they will develop "scissor sores."
Hu Gongbi states: Sores at the corners of an infant's mouth are named "Jia Kou Chuang" (Clamped Mouth Sore) or also "Yan Kou Chuang" (Swallow's Mouth Sore).
Gu Cheng states: "Scissor sore" is also known as "Jia Kou Chuang," commonly suffered by those with Spleen Heat. There are also cases caused by toxic residue inherited from parents, where the infant's mouth corners turn white and develop sores that do not heal for a long time. In such cases, apply real Toad Venom (Chansu) ground into juice mixed with Baijiangdan (White Reduction Pill) to the affected area for self-healing. Otherwise, it must develop into carbuncles and boils, requiring differentiation; it should not be treated solely as Spleen Heat.
Sore at the corner of the mouth: Wash tangled hair thoroughly, calcine to retain its properties (cun xing), grind finely, and mix with lard for topical application.
Another prescription: Collect condensation (steam sweat) from steamers or pot lids and apply.
Infant Yan Kou Chuang: Burn green cloth to ash and apply, or mix with honey.
Yan Kou Chuang: Burn hair to ash retaining its properties, mix with rice drink for internal administration and external application.
Chen Shigong states: E Kou Chuang (Goose Mouth Sore) is caused by fetal heat attacking upward from the Heart and Spleen meridians. The symptoms present as snow-white flakes covering the entire mouth; severely, the throat swells in layers, making suckling difficult, resulting in crying during feeding. Urgently wrap a piece of green gauze around the head of a chopstick, dip it in fresh well water, and wipe away the white coating until clean. It is acceptable if slight bleeding occurs due to firm pressure. Subsequently, apply Bingpeng San (Ice Borax Powder). (*Waike Zhengzong*)
Feng Luzhan states: E Kou refers to fetal heat accumulating in the Heart and Spleen, steaming upward to the mouth, causing white debris to cover the tongue like a goose's beak. (*Jinnang Milu*)
Shi Shi states: In newborns, white debris fills the tongue, preventing suckling, termed E Kou. Urgently wrap tangled hair around the finger, dip in mint juice or well water, and wipe clean. If the debris does not detach, sprinkle Sibao Dan (Four Treasures Pill) on the lesion.
If within the first hundred days of life, countless white spots appear in the mouth, disappearing upon wiping but returning shortly after, accompanied by drooling at the mouth corners, day-and-night crying, and refusal to nurse, it is also named E Kou Baixie (Goose Mouth White Debris). This is all due to fetal heat or maternal indulgence in alcohol and wheat products, transmitting residual heat to the child. Use one qian each of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao) and Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian) decocted into a strong solution. Wrap a finger with silk cloth, wipe the mouth, and it will not recur. (*Chishui Xuanzhu*)
Kui Guang states: E Kou is also called Xue Kou (Snow Mouth). First, stir to remove the white membrane, then use kou gan medicine (prescription recorded in the Throat Gate section) to insufflate. Frequently stir and insufflate, and internally administer Rhinocerotis Cornu Juice (Xijiao Zhi) or Xijiao Jiedu Wan (Rhinoceros Horn Detoxification Pill).
Luo Qian'an states: Infantile fetal fire attacks the Heart, causing white spots on the upper part resembling millet grains, named Ru E (Milk Goose); or white foam fills the mouth, obstructing the upper palate, shaped like a goose's mouth, unable to close, voiceless, and suffering difficulty in eating. All are caused by heat-toxin attacking upward; Yanshou Dan (Longevity Pill) is suitable. (*Tuina Mishu*)