无由致理，岂神灵而可望安哉！）近而奇偶，制小其服也。远而奇偶，制大其服也。大则数少，
小则数多。多则九之，少则二之。（汤丸多少，凡如此也。近远，谓腑脏之位也。心肺为近，肝肾为远，
脾胃居中。三阳胞 胆亦有远近，身三分之上为近，下为远也。或识见高远，权以合宜，方奇而分两偶，方偶
而分两奇，如是者近而偶制，多数服之，远而奇制，少数服之。故曰小则数多，大则数少也。）奇之不去则
偶之，是谓重方。偶之不去，则反佐以取之，所谓寒热温凉，反从其病也。（方与其重也
宁轻，与其毒也宁善，与其大也宁小。是以奇方不去，偶方主之，偶方病在，则反其一佐，以同病之气而取之也。
夫热与寒背，寒与热违。微小之热，为寒所折，微小之冷，为热所消。甚大寒热，则必能与违性者争雄，能与
异气者相格，声不同不相应，气不同不相合，如是则且惮而不敢攻之，攻之则病气与药气抗衡，而自为寒热以
开闭固守矣。是以圣人反其佐以同其气，令声气应合，复令寒热参合，使其终异始同，凌润而败坚，刚强必折，柔
脆同消耳。此言约方之法不越奇偶，而必当曲尽其制也。）
李东垣七方图
（大）君一臣三佐九，制之大也。远而奇偶，制大其服也，大则数少，少则二之。肾肝位远，服汤散
不厌频而多。
（小）君一臣二，制之小也。近而奇偶，制小其服也，小则数多，多则九之。心肺位近，服汤散不厌
频而少。
（缓）补上治上制以缓，缓则气味薄。治主以缓，缓则治其本。
（急）补下治下制以急，急则气味浓。治客以急，急则治其标。
（奇）君一臣二，奇之制也。君二臣三，奇之制也。阳数奇。
（偶）君二臣四，偶之制也。君二臣六，偶之制也。阴数偶。
（复）奇之不去则偶之，是谓重方也。
是故百病之起，有生于本者，有生于标者，有生于中气者，有取本而得者，有
取标而得者，有取中气而得者，有取标本而得者，有逆取而得者，有从取而得者。（反
佐取之，是为逆取。奇偶取之，是为从取。寒病治以寒，热病治以热，是为逆取。从，顺也。）逆，正顺也。若
顺，逆也。（寒盛格阳，治热以热，热盛拒阴，治寒以寒之类，皆时谓之逆，外虽用逆，中乃顺也。此逆乃正
顺也。若寒格阳而治以寒，热拒寒而治以热，外则虽顺，中气乃逆，故方若顺，是逆也。）故曰∶知标与本，
用之不殆，明知逆顺，正行无问。不知是者，不足以言诊，足以乱经。粗工嘻嘻，以
为可知，言热未已，寒病复殆，同气异形，迷诊乱经。（六气之用，粗之与工，得其半也。厥阴之
化，粗以为寒，其乃是温。太阳之化，粗以为热，其乃是寒。由此参互，用失其道，故其学问识用，不达工之
道半矣。夫一经之标本，寒热既殊，言本当究其标，论标合寻其本。言气不穷其标本，论病未辨其阴阳，心既
迷正理，治益乱其经，呼曰粗工。）夫标本之道，要而 ，小而大，可以言一而知百病之害，言
标与本，易而勿损，察本与标，气可令调，明知胜复，为万民式。（此言六气各有所从之标本，
而百病皆当知标本也。）
愿闻病机何如？诸风掉眩，皆属于肝。（风性动。木气同之。）诸寒收引，皆属于肾。（收，谓
敛也。引，谓急也。寒物收缩，水气同也。）诸气 郁，皆属于肺。（高秋气凉，露气烟集，凉至则气热，复甚
则气殚，征其物象，属可知矣。 ，谓 满。郁，谓奔迫也。气之为用，金气同之。）诸湿肿满，皆属于脾。
（土薄则水浅，土浓则水深，土平则干，土高则湿，湿气之有，土气同之。）诸热瞀螈，皆属于火。（火象征。）
诸痛痒疮，皆属于心。（心寂则病微，心躁则痛甚，百端之起，皆自心生，痛痒疮疡，生于心也。）诸厥固
泄，皆属于下。（下，谓下焦肝肾气也。夫守司于下，肾之气也，门户束要，肝之气也，故诸厥固泄皆属下也。
厥，为气逆。固，谓禁固。诸有气逆上行，及固不禁，出入无度，燥湿不恒，皆由下焦之主守也，）诸痿喘呕，
皆属于上。（上，谓上焦心肺气也，炎热薄烁，心之气也，承热分化，肺之气也，热郁化上，故病属上焦。此
皆五脏之疾病机，由于内动者也，）诸禁鼓栗，如丧神守，皆属于火。（热之内作。）诸痉项强，皆属
于湿。（太阳伤湿。）诸热冲上，皆属于火。（炎上之性用也。）诸胀腹大，皆属于热。（热郁于内，肺
胀所生。）诸躁狂越，皆属于火。（热盛于胃，及四末也。）诸暴强直，皆属于风。（阳内郁而阴行于外。）
诸病有声，鼓之如鼓，皆属于热。（谓有声也。）诸病 肿疼酸惊骇，皆属于火。（诸气多也。）诸
转反戾，水液混浊，皆属于热。（反戾，筋转也，水液，水便也。）诸病水液，澄澈清冷，皆属于
寒。（上下所出，及吐出溺出也。）诸呕吐酸，暴注下迫，皆属于热。（酸，酸水及沫也。此皆十二经络
之邪，病机由于外入者也。）故《大要》曰∶谨守病机，各司其属，有者求之，无者求之，盛
者责之，虚者责之，必先五胜，疏其血气，令其调达，而致和平。此之谓也。（深乎圣人之
言，有无求之，虚盛责之。如大寒而甚，热之不热，是无火也；热来复去，昼见夜伏，夜发昼止，时节而动，是
无火也，当助其火。又如大热而甚，寒之不寒，是无水
也；热动复止，倏忽往来，时动时止，是无水也，当助其水。内格呕逆，食不得入，是有火也。病呕而吐，食
入反出，是无火也。夫寒之不寒，责其无水。热之不热，责其无火。热之不久，责心之虚。寒之不久，责肾之少。
有者泻之，无者补之，虚者补之，盛者泻之，令上下无碍，血气通调，则寒热自和，阴阳调达矣。此言病机，计
有十九而有善治之法也。）
愿言其制。君一臣二，制之小也；君一臣三佐五，制之中也；君一臣三佐九，制
之大也。寒者热之，热者寒之，微者逆之，甚者从之，（夫病之微小者，犹人火也，遇草而 ，得
木而燔，可以湿伏，可以水灭，故逆其性气以折之攻之。病之大甚者，犹龙火也，得湿而焰，遇水而燔，不知其
性以水湿折之，适足以光焰诣天，物穷方止矣；识其性者，反常之理，以火逐之，则燔灼自消，焰火扑灭。夫
逆之者，谓以寒攻热，以热攻寒。从之者，谓攻以寒热，从其性，用是以下文曰∶逆者正治，从者反治，从少从
多，观其事也。）坚者削之，客者除之，劳者温之，结者散之，留者攻之，燥者濡之，急
者缓之，散者收之，损者益之，逸者行之，惊者平之，上之下之，摩之浴之，薄之劫
之，开之发之，适事为故。（量病证候，适事用之。）帝曰∶何谓逆从？伯曰∶逆者正治，从者
反治，从少从多，观其事也。（言逆者，正治也。从者，反治也。逆病气而正治，则以寒攻热，以热攻寒，
虽从顺病气，乃反治法也。）帝曰∶反治何谓？伯曰∶热因寒用，寒因热用，塞因塞用，通
因通用，必伏其所主，而先其所因，其始则同，其终则异，可使破积，可使溃坚，可
使气和，可使必已。（热因寒用，热物冷服，下咽之后，冷体既消，热性便发。寒因热用，冷物热服也。中
满下虚，乃疏启其中，峻补于下，少服则资壅，多服则宣通，由是而中满自除，下虚斯实，此则塞因塞用也。又
大热内结，注泄不止，热宜寒疗，结复须除，以寒下之，结散利止，此则通因通用也。投寒以热，凉而行之，投
热以寒，温而行之，始同终异，斯之谓也。）逆之从之，逆而从之，从而逆之，疏气令调，则其道
也。（逆，谓逆病气以正治。从，谓从病气而反疗。逆其气以正治，使其从顺，从其病以反取，令彼和调，故曰
逆从也。下疏其气令道路开通，则气感寒热而为变。）
病之中外何如？从内之外者，调其内；从外之内者，治其外；（各绝其源。）从内之外而
盛于外者，先调其内而后治其外；从外之内而盛于内者，先治其外而后调其内；（此谓
先除其根属，后消其枝条。）中外不相及，则治主病。（中外不相及，自各一病也。此方治表里之病有三法∶
有本标，有先后，有分主也。）治寒以热，治热以寒，而方士不能废绳墨而更其道也。有病热者
寒之而热，有病寒者热之而寒，二者皆在，新病复起，奈何治？（谓治之而病不退，反因药寒热
而随生寒热，病之新者。）伯曰∶诸寒之而热者取之阴，热之而寒者取之阳，所谓求其属也。
（言益火之源，以消阴翳，壮水之主，以制阳光，故曰求其属也。夫粗工偏浅，以热攻寒，以寒疗热，治热未已
而冷疾已生，攻寒日深而热更起，热起而中寒尚在，寒生而外热不除，欲攻则惧热不前，欲疗热则思寒寒又止，
进退交战，危亟已臻，岂知脏腑之源，有寒热温凉之主哉。夫取心者不必齐以热，取肾者不必齐心寒，但益心
之阳，寒亦通行，强肾之阴，热之犹可，或治热以热，治寒以寒，万举万全也。）帝曰∶服寒而反热，服热
而反寒，其故何也？伯曰∶治其王气，是以反也。（物体有寒热，气性有阴阳，触王之气，则强
其用也。夫肝气温和，心气暑热，肺气清凉，肾气寒冽，脾气兼并之。故也春以清治肝而反温，夏以冷治心而反
热，秋以温治肺而反清，冬以热治肾而反寒，盖由补益王气太甚也。补王太甚，则脏之寒热气自多矣。）夫五
味入胃，各归所喜，故酸先入肝，苦先入心，甘先入脾，辛先入肺，咸先入肾，久而增气，物化之常也。气增
而久，夭之由也。（夫入肝为温，入心为热，入肺为清，入肾为寒，入脾为至阴而四气兼之，皆为增其味而益
其气，故各从本脏之气用耳。故久服黄连、苦参而反热者，此其类也，余味皆然。但人意疏忽，不能精候耳。
故曰久而增气，物化之常也。气增不已，脏气偏胜，脏有偏绝则有暴夭者。故曰气增而久，夭之由也。是以服
饵百药，不具五味，不借四气，而久服之，虽且获胜益，久必致暴夭。此之谓也。绝粒服饵，则不暴亡，斯何
由哉？无五谷味资助故也。复令食谷，其亦夭焉。）调气之方，必别阴阳，定其中外，各守其乡，内者内治，
外者外治，微者调之，其次平之，盛者夺之，汗之下之，寒热温凉，衰之以属，随其攸利，
（病有中外，治有表里。在内者，以内治法和之；在外者，以外治法和之；其次大者，以平气法平之；盛甚不已，则
夺其气，令其衰也。假如小寒之气，温以和之；大寒之气，热以取之；甚寒之气，则下夺之；夺之不已，则逆
折之；折之不尽，则求其属以衰之。小热之气，凉以和之；大热之气，寒以取之；甚热之气，则汗发之；发之
不尽，则逆制之不尽，则求其属以衰之。故曰汗之下之，寒热温凉，衰之以属，随其攸利。攸，所也。）谨道如
法，万举万全，气血正平，长有天命。（守道以行，举无不中，故能驱役草石，召遣神灵，血气保平
和之候，则天真无耗竭之由也。）
Unable to explore the fundamental principles, how can one hope for peace and health by relying on spiritual deities! When the therapeutic effect is near (such as in the Heart and Lung or Upper Jiao) and the number of herbs in the formula is odd or even, prepare a small dosage. When the therapeutic effect is far (such as in the Liver and Kidney or Lower Jiao) and the number of herbs is odd or even, prepare a large dosage. Large dosages have fewer ingredients, while small dosages have more ingredients. The maximum can be nine ingredients, and the minimum can be two. (The number of ingredients in decoctions and pills follows these rules. "Near" and "far" refer to the positions of the Zang-Fu organs. The Heart and Lung are near, the Liver and Kidney are far, and the Spleen and Stomach are central. The Three Yang meridians and the Gallbladder also have near and far distinctions: the upper third of the body is near, and the lower part is far. If a physician has profound insight and exercises discretion to suit the situation, a formula may have an odd number of herbs but even proportions, or an even number of herbs but odd proportions. In such cases, for diseases in the near areas, use an even prescription with frequent administration; for diseases in the far areas, use an odd prescription with small amounts. Hence it is said that small dosages have many ingredients, and large dosages have few.) If an odd prescription fails to cure, use an even prescription; this is called a compound formula (Chong Fang). If an even prescription fails, employ counter-assistance (Fan Zuo) to achieve the cure; this refers to using cold, hot, warm, or cool properties that follow the nature of the disease. (Regarding prescriptions, it is better to be light than heavy, harmless than toxic, and small in quantity than large. Therefore, if an odd prescription fails, an even prescription takes charge; if the disease persists despite an even prescription, add one counter-assistant herb to harmonize with the pathogenic qi. Heat and cold are opposed; slight heat is subdued by cold, and slight cold is eliminated by heat. However, extreme heat or cold will contend with opposing substances and resist dissimilar energies. Sounds differ do not resonate; energies differ do not combine. Thus, one may hesitate to attack. Attacking leads to a standoff between pathogenic qi and medicinal qi, resulting in self-imposed closure and retention of heat or cold. Therefore, the sages use counter-assistance to harmonize the qi, ensuring resonance, and mixing heat and cold so that they start similarly but end differently, softening hardness and breaking rigidity. This describes the method of formulating, which does not exceed odd and even numbers but must exhaustively apply their systems.)
Li Dongyuan's Diagram of the Seven Prescriptions
(Large): One Sovereign herb, three Minister herbs, nine Assistant herbs constitutes a large prescription. For distant targets with odd or even ingredient counts, increase the dosage. Large means few ingredients, minimum two. The Liver and Kidney are distant; taking decoctions or powders should not avoid frequency and abundance.
(Small): One Sovereign herb, two Minister herbs constitutes a small prescription. For near targets with odd or even ingredient counts, decrease the dosage. Small means many ingredients, up to nine. The Heart and Lung are near; taking decoctions or powders should not avoid frequency but keep amounts small.
(Gentle/Slow): Tonifying the upper or treating upper diseases requires a gentle formulation, where flavors and aromas are thin. Treating the primary condition gently addresses the root.
(Urgent/Fast): Tonifying the lower or treating lower diseases requires an urgent formulation, where flavors and aromas are strong. Treating exogenous pathogens urgently addresses the branch/symptom.
(Odd): One Sovereign, two Ministers is an odd prescription. Two Sovereigns, three Ministers is also an odd. Yang numbers are odd.
(Even): Two Sovereigns, four Ministers is an even prescription. Two Sovereigns, six Ministers is also an even. Yin numbers are even.
(Compound/Repeated): If an odd prescription fails, use an even prescription; this is called a compound formula.
Thus, the onset of hundred diseases arises from the root (Ben), from the branch (Biao), or from the Middle Qi. Some are cured by targeting the root, some by the branch, some by the Middle Qi, some by both root and branch, some by contrary treatment (Ni Qu), and some by following treatment (Cong Qu). (Counter-assistance is contrary treatment. Odd/even selection is following treatment. Treating cold with cold and heat with heat is contrary treatment. 'Following' implies compliance.) Contrary treatment is actually correct compliance. What seems compliant is actually contrary. (When severe cold repels Yang, treating heat with heat is called contrary externally but compliant internally. This is true compliance. Conversely, treating cold-repelling-Yang with cold herbs is compliant externally but contrary internally; thus, a seemingly compliant prescription is actually contrary.) Therefore: Knowing the branch and root ensures safety without danger; clearly understanding contrary and compliant methods allows correct practice without doubt. Those who do not understand these are unfit to discuss diagnosis and only cause chaos in medical classics. Crude practitioners laugh, thinking they know, but while speaking of heat, cold diseases arise; confusing similar energies with different forms disrupts diagnosis and classics. (Crude and skilled practitioners grasp only half of the Six Qi applications. For Jueyin transformation, crude practitioners think it is cold, but it is warm. For Taiyang transformation, they think it is heat, but it is cold. By comparing these, their usage loses the right way, reaching only half the skill of a master. The root and branch of each meridian differ in cold and heat; speech should investigate the branch, and discussing the branch should seek the root. Not exhausting root and branch in qi discussion, nor distinguishing Yin and Yang in disease discussion, leads to mental confusion and chaotic treatment, labeling them as crude practitioners.) The way of root and branch is concise yet subtle, small yet great; knowing one aspect reveals the harm of a hundred diseases. Speaking of branch and root is easy and unharmed; observing root and branch allows qi regulation; clearly knowing overcoming and recovery serves as a model for all people. (This states that each of the Six Qi has its specific root and branch, and all hundred diseases must understand root and branch.)
I wish to hear about the Pathogenesis (Bing Ji). All wind diseases causing tremors and dizziness belong to the Liver. (Wind nature is movement; Wood energy corresponds.) All cold diseases causing contraction and pulling belong to the Kidney. (Contraction means gathering; pulling means urgency/tension. Cold contracts; Water energy corresponds.) All Qi disorders involving distension and stagnation belong to the Lung. (Autumn air is cool; dew gathers. Coolness causes heat in Qi, exhaustion in severe cases. Observation shows correspondence. Distension means fullness; stagnation means rushing. Qi function corresponds to Metal energy.) All damp diseases causing swelling and fullness belong to the Spleen. (Thin soil has shallow water; thick soil has deep water. Flat soil is dry; high soil is wet. Dampness corresponds to Earth energy.) All heat diseases causing unconsciousness and convulsions belong to Fire. (Fire symbolizes.) All pain, itching, and sores belong to the Heart. (Calm heart means mild disease; restless heart means severe pain. All beginnings arise from the Heart; pain, itching, and sores originate in the Heart.) All Jue (reversal) conditions, constipation, and diarrhea belong to the Lower Jiao. (Lower refers to Liver-Kidney Qi. Guarding below is Kidney Qi; controlling gates is Liver Qi. Thus, reversal, constipation, and diarrhea belong to the Lower. Jue is Qi rebellion; Gu is retention. Upward Qi rebellion, lack of control, irregular exit/entry, and unstable dryness/wetness stem from Lower Jiao guardianship.) All Wei (atrophy) syndromes, panting, and vomiting belong to the Upper Jiao. (Upper refers to Heart-Lung Qi. Scorching heat affects Heart Qi; transforming heat affects Lung Qi. Heat stagnates upward, so disease belongs to Upper Jiao. These are internal organ pathogeneses arising from internal movement.) All locked jaws, drumming chills, and loss of mental control belong to Fire. (Internal heat production.) All spasms and neck stiffness belong to Dampness. (Taiyang damaged by dampness.) All heat rushing upward belongs to Fire. (Nature of fire rising upward.) All distension and abdominal enlargement belong to Heat. (Heat stagnating internally causes Lung distension.) All restlessness, mania, and deviation belong to Fire. (Excessive heat in Stomach and extremities.) All sudden stiffness and straightening belong to Wind. (Yang trapped internally, Yin moving externally.) All diseases with sounds, drum-like upon percussion, belong to Heat. (Refers to audible sounds.) All diseases with swelling, pain, soreness, fright, and terror belong to Fire. (Abundant Qi.) All turning, twisting, and cloudy fluids belong to Heat. (Twisting refers to tendon rotation; cloudy fluids refer to urine.) All bodily fluids that are clear and cold belong to Cold. (Discharges from above/below, vomit, or urine.) All vomiting of acid, sudden diarrhea with tenesmus belong to Heat. (Acid refers to sour fluid and foam. These are pathogens entering via the Twelve Meridians, with pathogenesis originating externally.) Thus, the *Da Yao* says: Carefully observe the pathogenesis, assign each to its category. Investigate what exists, investigate what does not. Blame excess for abundance, blame deficiency for emptiness. First determine the Five Phases' overcoming cycle, dredge blood and Qi, ensure smooth flow, and achieve harmony. This is the meaning. (Profound are the words of the Sages. Investigate existence/non-existence, blame excess/deficiency. Severe cold treated with heat fails to warm indicates Deficient Fire; heat coming and going, appearing day/night, indicates Deficient Fire, requiring tonification of Fire. Severe heat treated with cold fails to cool indicates Deficient Water; heat fluctuating rapidly indicates Deficient Water, requiring tonification of Water. Internal blockage with vomiting preventing food intake indicates Excess Fire. Vomiting after eating indicates Deficient Fire. Failure to warm cold blames Deficient Water. Failure to cool heat blames Deficient Fire. Short-lived cooling blames Heart Deficiency. Short-lived warming blames Kidney Deficiency. Abundance is purged, emptiness is tonified. Let upper and lower be unobstructed, blood and Qi regulated, then cold and heat harmonize, Yin and Yang balance. This discusses nineteen pathogeneses and excellent treatment methods.)
I wish to discuss formulation principles. One Sovereign, two Ministers is a small prescription; one Sovereign, three Ministers, five Assistants is a medium prescription; one Sovereign, three Ministers, nine Assistants is a large prescription. Cold is treated with heat, heat is treated with cold. Minor conditions are treated contrarily (Ni), major conditions are treated compliantly (Cong). (Minor illnesses are like human fire; ignited by grass or wood, extinguished by water or dampness. Thus, oppose their nature to subdue them. Major illnesses are like dragon fire; flares when wet, burns with water. Using water against it only makes flames reach the sky until fuel is exhausted. Recognizing its nature, use fire to drive it out, and flames self-extinguish. 'Contrary' means using cold to attack heat and heat to attack cold. 'Compliant' means attacking with cold/hot according to its nature, leading to the text: Contrary is Correct Treatment (Zheng Zhi), Compliant is Counter-Treatment (Fan Zhi). Follow less or more based on the case.) Hardness is reduced, invaders are removed, labor/exhaustion is warmed, knots are scattered, retention is attacked, dryness is moistened, urgency is eased, scattering is gathered, loss is benefited, idleness is moved, fright is calmed, upper is descended, lower is raised, rubbed, bathed, pressed, seized, opened, developed—suit the matter as the goal. (Measure symptoms and signs, apply appropriately.) The Emperor asked: What are Contrary and Compliant? Bo (Qibo) answered: Contrary is Correct Treatment; Compliant is Counter-Treatment. Follow less or more based on the case. (Contrary opposes disease Qi for correct treatment, e.g., cold for heat. Compliant follows disease Qi for counter-treatment.) The Emperor asked: What is Counter-Treatment? Bo answered: Treat heat with cold administration, treat cold with hot administration, treat obstruction with obstructive methods, treat diarrhea with purgative methods. Must subdue the main factor and address the cause first. Initially similar, finally different. Can break accumulations, dissolve hardness, harmonize Qi, ensure cure. (Treating heat with cold administration means taking hot medicine cold; once swallowed, cold dissipates, heat acts. Treating cold with hot administration means taking cold medicine hot. For middle fullness and lower deficiency, open the middle and tonify lower heavily. Small dose causes stagnation; large dose promotes circulation, removing fullness and filling deficiency—this is treating obstruction with obstruction. For internal heat binding with persistent diarrhea, heat needs cold therapy, but binding needs removal. Using cold purgatives clears binding and stops diarrhea—this is treating diarrhea with purgatives. Administer cold with heat, cool while proceeding; administer heat with cold, warm while proceeding. Start same, end different.) Contrary and compliant, contrary then compliant, compliant then contrary; dredge Qi to regulate, this is the way. (Contrary opposes disease Qi for correct treatment. Compliant follows disease Qi for counter-treatment. Opposing Qi makes it compliant; following disease Qi retrieves harmony. Dredging Qi opens pathways, allowing Qi to transform via cold/heat.)
How are diseases internal and external? From internal to external, regulate the internal; from external to internal, treat the external. (Cut off sources.) From internal to external, severe externally, first regulate internal then treat external; from external to internal, severe internally, first treat external then regulate internal. (Remove roots first, then branches.) If internal and external are unrelated, treat the main disease. (Unrelated means separate diseases. Three methods for exterior-interior: Root/Branch, Priority, Main focus.) Treat cold with heat, treat heat with cold; physicians cannot abandon standards and change the way. If heat treated with cold remains hot, cold treated with heat remains cold, both persist, new diseases arise, how to treat? (Disease persists, drugs generate new cold/heat.) Bo answered: For those treated with cold becoming hotter, treat the Yin; for those treated with heat becoming colder, treat the Yang. This is seeking the category/root. (Enlighten Fire source to eliminate Yin shadow; strengthen Water master to control Yang brightness. Seek the category. Crude practitioners use heat for cold and cold for heat, causing new cold/heat. How to know Zang-Fu sources have masters of cold/hot/warm/cool? Treating Heart need not match heat; treating Kidney need not match cold. Boost Heart Yang, cold passes; strengthen Kidney Yin, heat resolves. Or treat heat with heat, cold with cold, perfect success.) The Emperor asked: Why does taking cold cause heat, and heat cause cold? Bo answered: Treating the Wang (Prosperous/Exuberant) Qi causes reversal. (Objects have cold/heat, Qi has Yin/Yang. Touching Wang Qi strengthens its use. Liver Qi is mild, Heart Qi is hot, Lung Qi is cool, Kidney Qi is cold, Spleen Qi combines. Spring cooling Liver reverses to warm; Summer cooling Heart reverses to hot; Autumn warming Lung reverses to cool; Winter warming Kidney reverses to cold. Due to excessive tonification of Wang Qi. Excessive tonification increases Zang cold/heat.) The Five Flavors enter the Stomach, each returning to its preference: Sour enters Liver, Bitter enters Heart, Sweet enters Spleen, Pungent enters Lung, Salty enters Kidney. Long-term use increases Qi, normal transformation. Increased Qi over time causes premature death. (Entering Liver is warm, Heart hot, Lung cool, Kidney cold, Spleen Yin combining four. Increasing flavor benefits Qi, following Zang use. Long-term Coptis/Polygala causes heat; others similar. Negligence prevents precise observation. Long-term increase is normal. Persistent increase causes Zang excess, leading to sudden death. Thus, long-term single-flavor/herb use causes death. Grainless diet avoids sudden death due to lack of grain support; resuming grains also risks death.) Regulating Qi formulas must distinguish Yin/Yang, fix internal/external, guard their regions. Internal treated internally, external externally. Minor adjusted, next balanced, severe seized. Sweat or purge. Cold/Hot/Warm/Cool reduce by category, follow benefit. (Diseases have internal/external, treatments have superficial/deep. Internal harmonized with internal methods; external with external. Large balanced with Qi-peace methods. Severe seized to reduce. Small cold harmonized with warmth; large cold taken with heat; severe cold purged downward. If purging fails, reverse control. If reduction fails, seek category to weaken. Small heat harmonized with coolness; large heat taken with cold; severe heat sweated. If sweating fails, reverse control. If reduction fails, seek category. 'Sweat/Purge', 'Cold/Hot/Warm/Cool', 'Reduce by category', 'Follow benefit'. You means place.) Strictly follow the Way, ten thousand successes, blood and Qi level, long life. (Walk the Way, hit every mark, command herbs/stones, summon spirits, preserve Tian Zhen, no exhaustion.)