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Feng Luzhan stated: When an infant is born and cries but does not nurse, one should examine the upper gums for white spots resembling rice grains, which are named "Ma Ya" (Horse Teeth). These should be promptly punctured with a silver needle; bleeding is acceptable. Apply thick ink (Jing Mo) to the area. Re-examine every other day, and if new spots appear, puncture them again until the condition resolves. Otherwise, the Spleen Yuan and Middle Qi may collapse, leading to death with a cyanotic complexion and perioral contraction (Cuo Kou) (from *Jin Nang*).

*Cie You Wai Bian* records: For any newborn, daily morning and evening, use clear soup or bitter tea to moisten a soft silk cloth and gently wipe the infant's oral cavity. If white spots appear near the teeth, puncture them with a fingernail or fine needle to prevent complications of Wind Convulsion (Jing Feng) and Cuo Kou.

*Bao Sheng Sui Shi* records: Within seven days after birth, if the face is red, breathing is rapid, and there is no crying sound, it is named "Cuo Kou" or "Umbilical Wind". Examine the gums for small blisters resembling millet grains. Promptly wrap a finger in soft silk moistened with warm water and rub the blisters until they rupture, which leads to recovery. Generally, Cuo Kou syndrome must be accompanied by hot stools. It is effective to grind raw Rhinoceros Horn (Xi Jiao) and true Antelope Horn (Ling Yang Jiao) into juice, mix with honey, and administer. In emergencies, decoct Da Huang (Rhubarb Root and Rhizome) and Gan Cao (Licorice Root) each at 2 qian and administer orally.

Kui Guang stated: "Ma Ya" arises from heat-toxin retained in the fetus of a newborn, triggered by exposure to wind. If white, brittle-bone-like substances are seen on the gums, this indicates the impending onset of the syndrome. Sneezing immediately after birth, along with inability to suckle milk (swallowing or spitting it out), indicates deep pathology. Without urgent treatment, the toxin entering the abdomen will cause death. Do not mistake it for Jaundice (Huang Dan). Examination should begin immediately after birth, with daily puncturing required. By the third or fourth day, the disease becomes established; by the fifth or sixth day, it hardens and becomes difficult to treat. Severe cases may recur repeatedly, requiring nearly a full month to resolve. First, wrap silk around a bamboo chopstick dipped in clean water, open the mouth, puncture the lesions with a silver hairpin until bleeding occurs, and then insufflate medicine for oral ulcers (prescription recorded in the Throat Gate section).

Luo Qian'an stated: Sneezing within the first month of life in a newborn indicates Ma Ya. This is due to weak Qi and Blood, which fail to restrain internal toxins, causing Heart Fire to flare upward. White substances covering the gums should be punctured with needles, washed with wool-blue cloth moistened with water, and then coated with gold ink to prevent regrowth. Administering a small amount of Yanshou Dan (Longevity Pill) will lead to recovery (from *Tui Na Mi Shu*).