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[Symptoms of Abdominal Distension due to Food Stagnation] The abdomen is distended and tight, with solid pain upon pressure. There may be a strip-like elevation or visible small lumps. Pain accompanied by the urge to defecate, which alleviates slightly after defecation, constitutes the symptoms of abdominal distension due to food stagnation (Shi Ji Zhang Fu).

[Etiology of Abdominal Distension due to Food Stagnation] Indiscretion in diet leads to strong stomach function capable of receiving food, but weak spleen function unable to digest it. Food stagnates between the stomach and spleen, triggering the symptoms of abdominal distension due to food stagnation.

[Pulse of Abdominal Distension due to Food Stagnation] The right Guan position pulse is predominantly slippery (Hua), or presents as deep and solid (Chen Shi), sliding (Shen Dong), or wiry and urgent (Xian Ji).

[Treatment of Abdominal Distension due to Food Stagnation] For abdominal distension and tightness with solid pain upon pressure, use Zhi Shi San (Immature Bitter Orange Powder). For cases with a strip-like elevation, pain with urge to defecate, and slight relief after defecation, also use Zhi Shi San.
Composition of Zhi Shi San: Chen Zhi Shi (Aged Immature Bitter Orange), Lai Fu Zi (Radish Seed), Mai Ya (Malt), Shan Zha Rou (Hawthorn Flesh).
Composition of Zhi Po Da Huang Tang (Immature Bitter Orange, Magnolia Bark, and Rhubarb Decoction): Chen Zhi Shi, Nong Po (Thick Magnolia Bark), Guang Pi (Tangerine Peel), Gan Cao (Licorice), Da Huang (Rhubarb).

[Symptoms of Abdominal Distension due to Parasite Accumulation] The abdomen is enlarged with prominent subcutaneous veins on the abdominal wall; the skin is distended and tense, yet appetite remains good. White or black spots may appear on the face, or there may be a craving for specific foods. Lump-like elevations may arise in the abdomen, and long worms may occasionally be seen in the stool. These constitute the symptoms of abdominal distension due to parasite accumulation (Chong Ji Zhang Fu).

[Etiology of Abdominal Distension due to Parasite Accumulation] Insufficiency of Spleen Qi combined with forceful eating damages the Spleen, preventing the grinding and transformation of food. Food stagnates in the middle jiao, generating damp-heat that breeds parasites, leading to abdominal distension.

[Pulse of Abdominal Distension due to Parasite Accumulation] The pulse fluctuates between large and small, rapid and slow. It may present as deep and slippery (Chen Hua), deep and solid (Chen Shi), wiry and urgent (Xian Ji), or deep and wiry (Chen Xian).

[Treatment of Abdominal Distension due to Parasite Accumulation] Use Zhui Chong Wan (Worm-Chasing Pill), Wan Ying Wan (Universal Response Pill), or Shi Jun Zi Wan (Quisqualis Pill). If lump-like elevations are present, resolving the parasite accumulation leads to recovery.
Composition of Zhui Chong Wan: Hei Chou (Black Morning Glory Seed), Bing Lang (Areca Nut), Lei Wan (Omphalia Lapponica), Nan Mu Xiang (Aucklandia Root).
Composition of Wan Ying Wan: Hei Chou, Da Huang, Bing Lang, Lei Wan, Nan Mu Xiang, Chen Xiang (Agarwood).
Composition of Shi Jun Zi Wan: Shi Jun Zi (Quisqualis Fruit), Wu Yi (Toona Leaf), He Si (Ascaris Herb), Bing Lang, Bai Bu (Stemona Root), Ku Lian Gen Pi (Melia Root Bark).

[Symptoms of Abdominal Distension due to Phlegm-Fluid Retention] Fullness and oppression in the chest and abdomen, palpitations, asthma, and urgency of breathing, shortness of breath requiring leaning on shoulders, nausea and vomiting with phlegm-saliva, or gurgling sounds in the abdomen. These constitute the symptoms of abdominal distension due to phlegm-fluid retention (Tan Yin Zhang Fu).

[Etiology of Abdominal Distension due to Phlegm-Fluid Retention] Strong stomach and weak spleen result in difficulty digesting excessive food, which stagnates and transforms into phlegm. Failure of transportation and transformation functions triggers the onset of abdominal distension.

[Pulse of Abdominal Distension due to Phlegm-Fluid Retention] The pulse is predominantly wiry (Xian), or presents as deep and slippery (Chen Hua), deep and wiry (Chen Xian), deep and hidden (Chen Fu), or biased wiry (Pian Xian).

[Treatment of Abdominal Distension due to Phlegm-Fluid Retention] For chest fullness and palpitations attributed to phlegm-fluid, use Xiao Ban Xia Tang (Minor Pinellia Decoction) and Er Chen Tang (Two-Cured Decoction). For asthma requiring leaning on shoulders, attributed to Branch Fluid (Zhi Yin), use Ting Li Xie Fei Tang (Descurainia Draining Lung Decoction). For nausea, vomiting, and phlegm-saliva, use Ping Wei Er Chen Tang (Calm the Stomach and Two-Cured Decoction). For gurgling sounds in the abdomen, administer Dao Tan Tang (Phlegm-Guiding Decoction) to purge downwards.
Composition of Xiao Ban Xia Tang: Shu Ban Xia (Prepared Pinellia), Sheng Jiang (Fresh Ginger).
Composition of Er Chen Tang: Shu Ban Xia, Bai Fu Ling (White Poria), Guang Pi, Gan Cao.
Composition of Ting Li Xie Fei Tang: Tian Ting Li (Sweet Descurainia Seed), Da Zao Rou (Jujube Flesh).
Composition of Ping Wei Er Chen Tang: Cang Zhu (Atractylodes Rhizome), Nong Po, Guang Pi, Gan Cao, Ban Xia, Bai Fu Ling.
Dao Tan Tang: Treats excessive phlegm-saliva obstruction and chest/diaphragm stuffiness. Composition: Shu Ban Xia, Zhi Shi (Immature Bitter Orange), Ju Hong (Orange Red Peel), Nan Xing (Arisaema Cum Bile), Fu Ling (Poria), Gan Cao.