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Usage of Needling, Cutting, Hooking, and Cauterizing

Master Buchen said: The eye, as an organ, is round, agile, and illuminating. Tracing its origin, fire is contained within blood; blood transforms into water; water nourishes the essence (Gao); the essence protects the pupil spirit (Tongshen); Qi circulates and operates within. All essences are gathered here, shining with extreme clarity. Therefore, it is compared to the sun and moon and named "Wheel" (Lun). The traces of the Five Elements manifest in the wheels: left is Yin, right is Yang, rotating clockwise and counter-clockwise, hence the names.

The upper and lower eyelids are called Lian, belonging to Earth, internally corresponding to the Spleen (Pi), and this wheel is called the Flesh Wheel (Rou Lun). The Spleen has a Yin substance but Yang function; when active, it digests food and drink; when static, it retains Blood and Qi. Movement and stillness depend on the eyelids. When people are fatigued and desire food, or when tired and idle they wish to sleep, these are signs thereof. Furthermore, Earth's quality is thick and dense, nurturing all things; thus, the four wheels rely on it for nourishment and open/close at appropriate times. The two corners of the Flesh Wheel are the canthi (Zi). The outer corner determining the face is the acute canthus (Rui Zi), and the inner one near the nose is the inner canthus (Nei Zi). At the head of the acute canthus, there is flesh like a bead, belonging to Fire, internally corresponding to the Heart (Xin), and this wheel is called the Blood Wheel (Xue Lun). Outside the Heart lies the Pericardium (Xiao Xin), which also belongs to Fire. The Classic states: The Heart is Ministerial Fire (Jun Huo) and Human Fire, connecting to the inner canthus; the Gate of Life (Mingmen) is Assistant Fire (Xiang Huo) and Heavenly Fire, connecting to the acute canthus. However, Assistant Fire executes orders on behalf of Ministerial Fire; although there are two hearts, the corresponding wheel is one.

The white of the eye (Bai Jing) belongs to Metal, corresponding to the Lung (Fei), and this wheel is called the Qi Wheel (Qi Lun). The circulation of Qi is endless, like a ring. The strength of Metal makes this wheel particularly firm. The principle of creation is so profound. The green part (Qing Jing, i.e., cornea and iris) within the Qi Wheel belongs to Wood, corresponding to the Liver (Gan), and this wheel is called the Wind Wheel (Feng Lun). It is commonly called the Divine Pearl, extremely clear and fragile, unmarable, crystal clear like a child's eye being the true color. If today's eyes are yellow and turbid, it is due either to dietary stagnation causing Qi constraint or emotional desires consuming Blood; this is not the true color. Since Wood grows in Spring and Summer, with roots and branches connected, the tendons in the human body belong to the Liver, and Assistant Fire resides therein.

The lower circle of the Wind Wheel that contracts and expands is called the Golden Well (Jin Jing). The black water inside is called the Divine Essence (Shen Gao), resembling egg white mixed with ink. Within the essence is a pearl, clear and soft, resembling a crystal chess piece, called "Yellow Essence" (Huang Jing). Collectively named Pupil Spirit (Tongshen), it belongs to the Kidney (Shen). The Kidney is the true source of Water and Fire, where the Divine Light (Shen Guang) hides deeply. The four wheels cannot see objects; only this part can perceive the finest details. This wheel is called the Water Wheel (Shui Lun).

The poem says:
Liver Wood, Wind Wheel, is the green eye;
Flesh Wheel, Yellow Earth, nourished by Spleen;
Water Wheel, Kidney Water, black pupil spirit;
Lung Metal, White Wheel, clear Qi;
Two canthi, Blood Wheel, Heart Fire red;
Five Wheels originate from the Five Elements.
Five Elements evolve into Eight Trigrams; contours merge, making Zang-Fu clear.

Know that Zang organs correspond to the Five Wheels, ultimately returning to Qi. The Classic states: All Qi constraints belong to the Lung. Why? The Lung sits highest, governs skin and hair externally. When invaded by the Six Evils (Liu Qi), redness and swelling appear first, followed by discharge and tears successively. Moreover, Fire sits above Metal; when Qi is full, it moves recklessly. Metal is controlled by Fire, making the Qi Wheel redder. Metal surrounds Water outside; Metal overcomes Wood, so disease often affects the Wind Wheel. If the Wind Wheel is damaged, the Pupil Spirit becomes useless, following the logic of "lips gone, teeth cold" and mutual dependence.

If illness arises from emotions, the disaster may double that of the Six Evils, though transmission is not constant. Generally, the Heart governs Blood; Blood in the eye is Divine Fire. Excessive thinking disturbs it, causing hidden red vessels and rough pulses, gradually forming pterygium (Nu Rou), known as Fire generating Earth. With further irritation, nebulae erosion will inevitably occur, resulting in combined Wind-Fire disease. The Spleen governs Flesh; indulging in chewing/teeth can kill life, also causing sudden swelling, pain, ulcers, and toxins. The Classic states: Doubling diet injures the intestines and stomach. How can all flying, swimming, moving, and growing things be perfectly suited to one's constitution? However, diseases with form can be attacked/drained, unlike internal injury from hunger and suffering, which infiltrates until skin tightens and residual wind remains, incurable lifelong. The Liver governs Wind; those who act bravely for justice must be prone to anger. Anger causes Assistant Fire to surge upward, leading to headache, fever, sudden formation of membranes, photophobia, and tearing, resembling external contraction, but the pulse is not floating and rapid, fluctuating between remission and recurrence. The Lung governs Qi; depression and discomfort lead to frequent crying, emaciation, sunken and dry eyes. Metal and Water generate each other; internal and external Divine Essences often wither due to this. The Kidney governs Water; water boils when hot, freezes when cold, losing clarity easily, but reflecting clearly when still. This organ suffers from sexual excess, causing thousands of blind people. Although Water and Wood share positions, other causes often mutually damage them, specifically in the Divine Essence and Golden Well, without external symptoms. If a person accumulates Qi to generate Essence, refines Essence to generate Qi, and reaches old age, they can read fine print at night. If presbyopia and tearing occur prematurely, or if vision becomes confused and delusional without cause, these are deep diseases.

In summary, the Classic states: The weight of fluids is turbid, static, and Yin; the nature of Shen-Qi is light, clear, dynamic, and Yang. When Yin and Yang are disharmonious, the fundamental disease of the eye arises. By observing the manifestation of the root disease, detailing which wheel it starts from, what color it presents, whether it is in Qi or Blood, and which deficiency or excess exists, clearly understood in the mind, the principles of multiplication, restriction, control, and transformation become self-evident. Treatments of reversal,順 (smoothness), separation, and deprivation will naturally hit the mark without effort, turning heaven and earth, directly restoring vision bright as the sun and moon. Thus, combining Five Elements attributes and pictographic meanings, we name them Five Wheels for ease of reference.