丹溪谓《金匮》为论杂病之书,以示别于《伤寒论》似也。抑知《金匮》即论伤寒中杂
病,
非论一切杂病乎!夫痉、湿、 、奔豚气、宿食、呕吐、哕、下利之为寒类,仲景有明文;
百合、狐惑、阴阳毒之属寒科,《千金》有成例;疟、痈、咳、心痛、腹满、寒疝、积聚、
水气之挟寒,见于《灵》、《素》∶中风、历节、心痹、胸痹、痰饮,消渴、黄胆、惊悸、
吐衄、下血、瘀血、转筋、狐疝之或由风或由寒,详于《病源》,虚劳必助其阳,肢肿必吐
其痰,蛔动必温其胃可见也。其尤着者,中风宜若多端,反取风寒湿杂至之痹为正;下利宜
若不一,专以阳脉阳症为顺;肺萎、上气、淋似乎热矣,而萎有甘草干姜汤症,上气有半夏
越婢汤症,淋有弦急痛引症。妇人病则尤杂矣,则妊娠、呕吐、产后三症,皆从伤寒法治;
经水不论过期、不及期,并主温经汤,是皆以或纯寒或兼寒者言也。若临症者泥此概施,鲜
不贻害!作书之旨,自为“寒”字穷其类耳,勿执小异而疑大同。仲景自名其书曰《伤寒杂
病论》,自叙其由曰宗族死伤寒,故迄于隋唐总呼伤寒者以此。自林亿校成,始与伤寒分。
而丹溪之说行,近世又以其方论多倚温热,不得其解,则曰此北学也。吁!其蔽甚于丹溪矣
。
Danyu (Zhu Danxi) stated that the *Jingui Yaolue* (Essential Prescriptions of the Golden Cabinet) is a book discussing miscellaneous diseases, seemingly to distinguish it from the *Shanghan Lun* (Treatise on Cold Damage). However, he fails to realize that the *Jingui Yaolue* discusses miscellaneous diseases occurring within the context of cold damage, rather than all miscellaneous diseases.
Conditions such as Jing disease (spasm characterized by stiffness and opisthotonos), Shi disease (dampness-induced disorders), Ye disease (heatstroke), Ben tun qi (running piglet qi, sensation of gas rushing upward), Su shi (food stagnation), Ou tu (vomiting), Yue (hiccups), and Xia li (diarrhea) belong to the category of cold pathogens, as explicitly recorded by Zhang Zhongjing. Diseases such as Bai he disease (lily disease, characterized by mental restlessness and sensory disturbances), Hu huo disease (fox惑 disease, resembling Behçet's disease with oral/genital ulcers), and Yin Yang du (yin-yang toxicity, acute febrile disease with macules) fall under cold pathogen categories, with established examples in the *Qianjin Fang*. Malaria (periodic chills and fever), Yong zhong (abscesses), Ke sou (cough), Xin tong (heart pain), Fu man (abdominal fullness), Han shan (cold hernia), Ji ju (accumulations and masses), and Shui qi (water qi/edema) involving cold pathogens are seen in the *Ling Shu* and *Su Wen*; Zhong feng (wind stroke), Li jie disease (painful joints throughout the body), Xin bi (heart bi), Xiong bi (chest bi), Tan yin (phlegm-fluid retention), Xiao ke (wasting-thirst), Huang dan (jaundice), Jing ji (palpitations), Tu nu (hematemesis and epistaxis), Xia xue (lower bleeding), Yu xue (blood stasis), Zhuan jin (muscle cramps), and Hu shan (intermittent hernia) are caused either by wind or cold, detailed in the *Bing Yuan*. For deficiency consumption (Xu lao), yang must be assisted; for limb edema, phlegm must be expelled; for roundworm agitation, the stomach must be warmed. These are evident.
Most notably, although Zhong feng seems to have diverse causes, its treatment often targets Bi syndrome caused by the mixture of wind, cold, and dampness. Although Xia li seems varied, it specifically regards yang pulse and yang symptoms as favorable. Fei wei (lung atrophy/withering), Shang qi (rebellious qi), and Lin syndrome (stranguria) seem to involve heat, yet Fei wei has indications for Gan Cao Gan Jiang Tang (Licorice and Dried Ginger Decoction), Shang qi has indications for Ban Xia Yue Bi Tang (Pinellia and Ma Huang Decoction), and Lin syndrome presents with wiry, urgent pain pulling sensations. Women's diseases are even more complex; however, pregnancy, vomiting, and postpartum conditions are all treated according to the principles of cold damage therapy. Menstrual irregularities, whether delayed or early, are primarily treated with Wen Jing Tang (Warming the Menses Decoction). All these discussions address conditions that are purely cold or mixed with cold. If clinicians rigidly apply these without differentiation, they will rarely avoid causing harm! The author's intent was simply to categorize based on the character "Cold," so do not cling to minor differences while doubting the general unity. Zhang Zhongjing named his work *Shanghan Zabing Lun* (Treatise on Cold Damage and Miscellaneous Diseases) and wrote in his preface that his clan died of cold damage; hence, until the Sui and Tang dynasties, it was collectively referred to as cold damage. Only after Lin Yi's collation were they separated. Thus, Danyu's theory gained traction. In recent times, because the prescriptions rely heavily on warm and hot herbs, people fail to understand and claim this is Northern scholarship. Alas! This prejudice is even greater than Danyu's.