味辛温。主妇人疝瘕。阴中寒肿痛。腹中急。除风头痛。长肌肤。说颜色。一名鬼卿
。一名地新。生山谷。
畴生五臭。润泽程功。本侪禾槁。论若芎 。毒披瘴雾。郁散寒风。四肢安畅。泮涣冬
烘。
管子。五臭畴生槁本。名医曰。润泽疗风邪。流于四肢。礼。程功积事。苏恭曰。根上
苗下
似禾槁。淮南子。论人者若芎 之与槁本也。陈元素曰。太阳经风药其气雄壮。寒气郁于本
经。头痛必用之。治雾露之清。邪中于上焦。苏轼诗。遇境即安畅。王太真赋。牢落泮涣。
摭言。头脑冬烘。
味苦平。主劳热邪气。五癃闭不通。利小便水道。一名石 。生山谷石上。
静寄阴森。离披险罅。 质坚柔。金星映射。水远潺 。声休叱 。蟠石久要。浑忘凋
谢。
陶潜诗。静寄东轩。温庭筠诗。画壁阴森九子堂。韦应物诗。草木晓离披。李时珍曰。
多生
阴崖险罅处。柔韧如皮。亦有金星者。凌冬不凋。名医曰。生山谷石上。不闻水声人声者良
。正韵。潺 水流貌。一曰水流声。史记传。项王喑哑叱 。易。通卦验下如蟠石。论语。
久要不忘。张昱诗。芳容有凋谢。
味苦平。主腰背痛。强骨节。风寒湿周痹。恶创不瘳。热气。生山谷。
百枝赤节。质异名仍。花研众采。叶镂三棱。春秋分撷。虚实搜征。金根铁角。味办淄
渑。
吴普曰。一名百枝。名医曰。一名赤节。与狗脊同名。二月八月采根。苏颂曰。花有黄
红白
三种。叶作三叉。苏恭曰。此有二种。茎有刺者根实。无刺者根虚。软为胜。博物志。菝
与萆 相乱。李时珍曰。菝 江浙人谓之
金刚根。楚人谓之铁菱角。列子。口将爽者先辨淄渑。
[Coptis Rhizome (Gao Ben)]
Pungent in flavor, warm in nature. Primarily treats gynecological hernia masses (abdominal lumps), cold and painful swelling in the genital region, and acute tension in the abdomen. Expels wind-induced headaches, promotes skin growth, and enhances complexion luster. Also known as Gui Qing, or Di Xin. Grows in mountain valleys.
Among the five odors, it possesses significant moistening efficacy. Its morphology resembles withered grass of the Poaceae family. In discussions, it is compared to Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuanxiong). It disperses toxicity from miasma and fog, scatters stagnant cold wind, and brings peace and smoothness to the four limbs, resembling the gentle warmth of winter sun.
The *Guanzi* records: Among the five odors, the representative item is Gao Ben. Famous physicians state: It has a moistening effect and treats wind pathogens flowing into the four limbs. The *Book of Rites* mentions accumulating merit and deeds. Su Gong states: The upper part of the root and lower part of the shoot resemble withered grass of the Poaceae family. The *Huainanzi* states: Discussing people is like the relationship between Chuanxiong Rhizoma and Gao Ben. Chen Yuansu states: As a wind-dispelling herb for the Taiyang Meridian, its qi is vigorous. When cold pathogen stagnates in this meridian, causing headache, it must be used. It treats clear pathogens from mist and dew; when pathogens attack the Upper Jiao. Su Shi's poem: "Upon encountering the right environment, one feels peaceful and smooth." Wang Taizhen's fu: "Scattered and dissipated" (describing a scattered and dissipating state). *Zhi Yan*: "Donghong head" (describing being pedantic and confused).
[Leafy Pyrrhospora (Shi Wei)]
Bitter in flavor, neutral in nature. Primarily treats heat due to overwork and evil qi, five types of strangury (difficulty in urination) with blockage, and benefits the water passages by promoting urination. Also known as Shi Yao. Grows on rocks in mountain valleys.
Quietly dwelling in shady and dense areas, leaves spread across dangerous crevices. The texture is hard yet flexible, reflecting like golden stars. Water flows far and murmurs; when the sound ceases, there is no shouting. It clings to rocks for a long time, forgetting decay and withering.
Tao Qian's poem: "Quietly dwelling in the eastern veranda." Wen Tingyun's poem: "The painted walls are shady in the Nine Sons Hall." Wei Yingwu's poem: "Plants and trees scatter their leaves at dawn." Li Shizhen states: It mostly grows in dark cliffs and dangerous crevices, flexible like leather. Some have golden star spots. It does not wither even in winter. Famous physicians state: Those growing on rocks in mountain valleys, where no water sounds or human voices are heard, are of superior quality. *Zheng Yun*: Chan Yuan describes the appearance of flowing water, or alternatively, the sound of flowing water. *Records of the Grand Historian*: "King Xiang was mute and shouted angrily." *I Ching Tong Gua Yan* Vol. 2: "Like a coiled stone." *Analects*: "Not forgetting long-standing agreements." Zhang Yu's poem: "Fragrant countenance undergoes withering."
[Smilax Glabra (Ba Qian)]
Bitter in flavor, neutral in nature. Primarily treats lower back and waist pain, strengthens bones and joints, treats generalized bi-syndrome caused by wind-cold-dampness, malignant sores that do not heal, and hot qi. Grows in mountain valleys.
Hundred branches with red nodes, different textures but retained names. Flowers crushed reveal various colors, leaves carved with three edges. Harvested during the Spring and Autumn Equinoxes, distinguishing deficiency and excess signs. Roots like gold and iron, angles like cast iron, taste capable of distinguishing the Zi and Mien rivers.
Wu Pu states: Also known as Bai Zhi. Famous physicians state: Also known as Chi Jie. Shares the same name as Dogui (Cibotium Barometz). Roots harvested in February and August. Su Song states: Flowers come in yellow, red, and white varieties. Leaves are trifoliate. Su Gong states: There are two types; those with thorny stems have solid roots, while those without thorns have hollow roots. Soft ones are superior. *Bowuzhi*: Smilax glabra and Dioscorea hypoglauca are easily confused. Li Shizhen states: Smilax glabra is called Jingang Gen in Jiangsu and Zhejiang, and Tielingjiao in Chu regions. *Liezi*: "Before the mouth fails, one first distinguishes the Zi and Mien rivers" (distinguishing subtle differences before making mistakes).