味辛温。主明目温中。耐风寒。下水气。面目浮肿。痈疡。马蓼。去肠中蛭虫。轻身
。生川泽。
间白分红。垂珠穗密。辛佐盘陈。香濡腹实。茎矗涂斑。叶标记墨。安故蠕虫。葵甘不
食。
刘克庄诗。分红间白汀洲晚。梅尧臣诗。无香结珠穗。寇宗 日。春初以水浸湿。悬火
上使
暖。生红芽。备五辛盘。礼疏。濡豚包苦实。谓破其腹。实蓼于中。陶弘景曰。马蓼茎斑叶
大。李时珍曰。每叶中间有黑迹如墨点。方士呼为墨记草。楚辞芳草谱。蓼虫不知徙乎葵菜
。言蓼辛葵甘。虫各安其故。不知迁也。易。井渫不食。
味辛温。主明目。补中不足。其茎可作汤。主伤寒寒热出汗中风面目肿。 。味辛温
。主金创。创败。轻身不饥耐老。生平泽。
脂膏相润。切实醯柔。鹿胎白洁。龙角青浮。强宗霆击。实政风流。金银蕴实本末捐投。
礼。脂用葱。膏用 。又。切葱若 。实诸醯以柔之。李时珍曰。一名鹿胎葱。苏颂曰。一
名龙角葱。后汉书传。庞参曰。拔大本薤者。欲吾击强宗也。蔡邕碑。讨恶如霆击。晋书
传。庾亮啖薤留曰以种。陶侃叹曰。非惟风流。兼有为政之实。酉阳杂俎。山上有葱。下有
银。山上有薤。下有金。礼。为君子择葱 。则绝其本末。
味辛微温。主下气。辟口臭。去毒辟恶。久服通神明。轻身耐老。生池泽。似荏如苏
。水滨漱啮。虚植方茎。丛生对节。齿错参差。脑含辛烈。调饪烹鸡。 苴名别。
李时珍曰。苏乃荏类。此草似苏。好生水旁。三月生苗。方茎中虚。色青。叶对节生。
寇宗
曰。叶槎牙如雁齿。吴瑞曰。俗呼龙脑薄荷。梅尧臣诗。膻腥失调饪。李时珍曰。其叶辛
香。可以煮鸡。故名鸡苏。名医曰。一名芥 。一名芥苴。
[Polygoni Fructus]
Taste: Pungent. Temperature: Warm. Main actions: Brightens the eyes, warms the Middle Jiao (the middle burner of the Sanjiao, primarily referring to the Spleen and Stomach), resists wind-cold, promotes the downward movement of water qi (fluid metabolism), treats edema of the face and eyes, and carbuncles/sores. Polygonum aviculare (Ma Liao) removes leeches from the intestines, lightens the body. Grows in rivers and marshes.
The flowers are interspersed with white and red, with dense drooping spikelets like pearls. The pungency assists in harmonizing old food, and the fragrance moistens and fills the abdomen. The stems have spots as if painted, and the leaves have black marks like ink. It settles or expels worms, just as the sweet Mallow is not eaten by Polygonum insects. Liu Kezhuang's poem states: "Red and white on the sandbar at dusk." Mei Yaochen's poem states: "No fragrance, forming pearl-like spikes." Kou Zongshi records: In early spring, soak seeds in water, hang them over fire to warm them until red shoots emerge, for use in preparing the Five Pungent Herbs Platter. *Lishu* records: "Moisten pork with bitter fruit," meaning to cut open the pig's belly and stuff it with Polygonum fruits. Tao Hongjing says: Polygonum aviculare has spotted stems and large leaves. Li Shizhen says: Each leaf has a black mark like an ink dot in the center; alchemists call it "Ink Mark Grass." *Chu Ci Fangcao Pu* says: "Polygonum insects do not know to migrate to Mallow vegetables," implying that because Polygonum is pungent and Mallow is sweet, insects stay true to their nature and do not migrate. The *I Ching* Hexagram Jing line text: "The well is cleaned but not drunk from."
[Allii Fistulosi Fructus / Scallion]
Taste: Pungent. Temperature: Warm. Main actions: Brightens the eyes, supplements insufficiency of Zhong Qi (Middle Qi). Its stems can be boiled into soup, treating cold damage with alternating chills and fever, sweating abnormalities, and facial edema due to wind-stroke. Taste: Pungent. Temperature: Warm. Main actions: Treats metal weapon wounds, chronic non-healing sores, lightens the body, prevents hunger, and promotes longevity. Grows in plains and marshes.
Fats and oils moisturize each other; the texture is firm yet becomes tender when soaked in vinegar. Deer fetus is pure white; Dragon horn floats green. Powerful clans are struck like thunder; governance style is elegant and free-flowing. Gold and silver contain their essence, while roots and tips are discarded. *Book of Rites* records: Fat uses Scallion; Grease uses Shallot. Also records: Cut Scallion or Shallot, stuff them into various vinegars to tenderize them. Li Shizhen says: Another name is "Deer Fetus Scallion." Su Song says: Another name is "Dragon Horn Scallion." *Book of Later Han - Biography of Pang Can* records: Pang Can said, "Uprooting the large shallots intends for me to strike powerful clans." Cai Yong's stele: "Punishing evil is like striking with thunder." *Book of Jin - Biography of Yu Liang* records: Yu Liang ate Shallot, leaving the root, saying to plant it. Tao Kan sighed, "Not only elegant, but also possessing the substance of governance." *Youyang Zazu* records: "Where there is Scallion on the mountain, there is Silver below; where there is Shallot on the mountain, there is Gold below." *Book of Rites* records: When selecting Scallions and Shallots for gentlemen, cut off their roots and tips.
[Perillae Folium / Shui Su]
Taste: Pungent. Temperature: Slightly Warm. Main actions: Directs Qi downward, dispels bad breath, removes toxins, repels evil odors. Long-term consumption clarifies the spirit, lightens the body, and promotes longevity. Grows in ponds and marshes.
Shape resembles Ren (a type of Perilla) and Su (Perilla). Grows by the water, washed by waves. Stems are square and hollow, growing in clusters with opposite nodes. Leaves are jagged and uneven; the head contains pungent and fierce energy. Used in cooking chicken; another name is Ju.
Li Shizhen says: Su belongs to the Ren category; this herb resembles Su, preferring to grow by the water. Seedlings emerge in March, stems are square and hollow, color is green, leaves grow opposite at nodes. Kou Zongshi says: Leaf edges are jagged like goose teeth. Wu Rui says: Commonly called "Brain Mint." Mei Yaochen's poem: "Muttony flavors lack proper seasoning." Li Shizhen says: Its leaves are pungent and fragrant, used for boiling chicken, hence named "Chicken Su." *Mingyi Bielu* says: Another name is "Jie Ju."