味苦,寒。主身大热在皮肤中,去面热、赤 、酒 ,恶风 疾,阴下痒湿。明耳目。
一名林兰。生川谷。
《名医》曰∶一名杜兰,皮似桂而香。生零陵及太山。十二月采皮,阴干。
案∶《广雅》云∶木栏,桂栏也。刘逵注《蜀都赋》云∶木兰,大树也,叶似长生,冬
夏荣,常以冬花。其实如小柿,甘美。南人以为梅,其皮可食。颜师古注《汉书》云∶皮似
椒而香,可作面膏药。
味甘,温,主心腹邪气,明目,目赤痛伤泪出。久服,轻身、益气、不饥。生川谷。
《吴普》曰∶蕤核,一名 。神农、雷公∶甘,平,无毒。生池泽。八月采。补中,强
志,明目,久服不饥(《御览》)。
《名医》曰∶生函谷及巴西。
案∶《说文》云∶ ,白 , 。《尔雅》云∶ ,白妥。郭璞云∶ ,小木,丛生有
实如耳 ,紫赤可啖。《一切经音义》云∶本草作蕤,今 核是也。
味辛,温。主胸中瘕热逆气,利水谷。久服,去臭、下气、通神。一名橘皮。生川谷(旧
在果部,非)。
《名医》曰∶生南山、江南。十月采。
案∶《说文》云∶橘果,出江南,柚条也,似橙而酢。《尔雅》云∶柚条。郭璞云∶似
橙实酢,生江南。禹贡云∶厥包,橘柚。伪孔云∶大曰橘,小曰柚。《列子·汤问篇》云∶
吴楚之国有木焉,其名为柚,碧树而冬生,实丹而味酸,食其皮汁,已愤厥之疾。《司马
相如赋》有橘柚,张揖曰∶柚,即橙也,似橘而大,味酢皮浓。
上木,上品二十种,旧一十九种。考果部,橘柚当入此。
[Mulan (Magnolia Flower)]
Taste: Bitter. Nature: Cold. Indications: Mainly treats severe heat within the skin; removes facial heat, facial erythema (redness), rhinophyma (rosacea with nasal thickening), diseases caused by aversion to wind, and dampness with itching in the genital region. Brightens the eyes and ears.
Alternative name: Linlan. Habitat: Grows in river valleys.
*Ben Cao Jing Ming Yi Zhe Lu* (Record of Famous Physicians) states: Also known as Dulan. The bark resembles Cinnamon Twig (Guizhi) but is fragrant. Grows in Lingling and Mount Tai. Harvest the bark in the twelfth lunar month and dry it in the shade.
Commentary: *Guang Ya* states: "Mulan" refers to the cinnamon tree. Liu Kui, in his commentary on *Shu Du Fu*, states: Mulan is a large tree; its leaves resemble those of Hedyotis diffusa (Changsheng), remaining evergreen in both winter and summer, and often flowers in winter. Its fruit resembles a small persimmon, sweet and delicious. People in the south treat it as a plum; its bark is edible. Yan Shigu, in his commentary on *Han Shu*, states: The bark resembles Zanthoxylum (Jiaojiao) but is fragrant and can be used to make facial cosmetics/ointments.
[Rui He (Prunus Persica Kernel / Peach Pit - Note: Text refers to 'Rui' which often implies Prunus or similar seed, context suggests medicinal kernel)]
Taste: Sweet. Nature: Warm. Indications: Mainly treats pathogenic factors in the heart and abdomen; brightens the eyes; treats red, painful eyes with tearing. Long-term consumption lightens the body, benefits Qi, and prevents hunger. Habitat: Grows in river valleys.
*Wu Pu Ben Cao* states: Rui He, also known as [Character missing in source]. Shen Nong and Lei Gong state: Taste Sweet, Nature Neutral, Non-toxic. Grows in ponds and marshes. Harvest in the eighth lunar month. Benefits the Middle Jiao (Spleen/Stomach), strengthens willpower, brightens the eyes, and long-term consumption prevents hunger (cited from *Tai Ping Yu Lan*).
*Ben Cao Jing Ming Yi Zhe Lu* states: Grows in Hangu Pass and Baxi.
Commentary: *Shuo Wen Jie Zi* states: [Character missing], White [Character missing]. *Er Ya* states: [Character missing], Bai Tuo. Guo Pu states: [Character missing] is a small shrub, growing in clusters with fruits resembling ear ornaments, purple-red in color and edible. *Yi Qie Jing Yin Yi* states: The materia medica writes it as "Rui"; the current Rui He is this substance.
[Juyou (Citrus Peel / Citrus Fruit)]
Taste: Pungent. Nature: Warm. Indications: Mainly treats heat and rebellious Qi associated with masses in the chest; promotes the transformation and transportation of water and grain. Long-term consumption eliminates bad breath, directs Qi downward, and unblocks the spirit. Alternative name: Ju Pi (Tangerine Peel). Habitat: Grows in river valleys (Previously classified in the Fruit Section, which is incorrect).
*Ben Cao Jing Ming Yi Zhe Lu* states: Grows in Nan Shan and Jiangnan. Harvest in the tenth lunar month.
Commentary: *Shuo Wen Jie Zi* states: Ju fruit originates from Jiangnan; you tiao is a branch type, resembling an orange but sour. *Er Ya* states: You tiao. Guo Pu states: Resembles an orange, fruit is sour, grows in Jiangnan. *Yu Gong* states: Its packaged tribute includes Ju and You. Pseudo-Kong Anguo's commentary states: Large ones are called Ju, small ones are called You. *Liezi · Tang Wen* states: In the states of Wu and Chu, there is a tree named You; it has green trees that grow in winter, bears red fruit that is sour, and consuming its peel and juice cures disorders of stagnation and syncope. Sima Xiangru's fu mentions Ju and You. Zhang Yi states: You is essentially Cheng (Orange); it resembles a ju but is larger, sour in taste, and has thick skin.
The above covers the Upper Grade, Wood Category, comprising 20 species (previously 19). Upon examination of the Fruit Section, Ju and You should be included here.