味甘，平。主明目，利九窍，耳聋，心下邪气，令人吐，杀诸毒、三虫。久服，通神明，
轻身、延年、不老。生山谷。
《吴普》曰∶神农∶甘，平；雷公∶酸，无毒。生豫章，可消而为铜（《御览》）。
《名医》曰∶生豫章，采无时。
案∶《范子计然》云∶白青，出巴郡。
味甘，平。主目痛，明目，折跌，痈肿，金创不疗，破积聚，解毒瓦斯（《御览》引作辟
毒），利精神。久服，轻身、不老。生山谷。
《吴普》曰∶扁青，神农、雷公∶小寒，无毒，生蜀郡，治丈夫内绝，令人有子（《御
览》引云∶治痈脾风痹。久服，轻身）。
《名医》曰∶生朱崖、武都、朱提，采无时。
案∶《范子计然》云∶扁青，出宏农、豫章。
上，玉、石，上品一十八种，旧同。
味辛，温。主风寒湿痹，咳逆上气，开心孔，补五脏，通九窍，明耳目，出声音。久服，
轻身、不忘、不迷或，延年。一名昌阳（《御览》引云∶生石上，一寸九节者，久服轻身云
云。《大观本》，无生石上三字，有云一寸九节者良，作黑字），生池泽。
《吴普》曰∶菖蒲，一名尧韭（《艺文类聚》引云∶一名昌阳）。
《名医》曰∶生上洛及蜀郡严道，五月十二日采根，阴干。
案∶《说文》云∶ ，菖蒲也，益州生。《广雅》云∶邛，昌阳，菖蒲也。《周礼》云∶
菖本。郑云∶菖本，菖蒲根，切之四寸为菹。《春秋左传》云∶食以菖 。杜预云∶菖 ，
菖蒲菹。《吕氏春秋》云∶冬至后五旬七日，菖始生。菖者，百草之先，于是始耕。《淮南子·说
山训》云∶菖羊，去蚤虱而来蛉穷；高诱云∶菖羊，菖蒲；《列仙传》云∶商邱子胥食菖蒲
根，务光服蒲韭根，《离骚·草木疏》云，沈存中云∶所谓兰荪
[ Baiqing (White Malachite) ]
Taste is sweet, nature is neutral. It primarily brightens the eyes, benefits the nine orifices, treats deafness, eliminates pathogenic qi under the heart, induces vomiting, kills various toxins and three types of parasites (San Chong). Long-term consumption promotes spiritual clarity, lightens the body, prolongs life, and prevents aging. Grows in mountain valleys.
Wu Pu records: Shen Nong states it is sweet and neutral; Lei Gong states it is sour and non-toxic. Produced in Yuzhang, it can be smelted into copper (cited from Taiping Yulan).
Mingyi Bie Lu records: Produced in Yuzhang, collected at any time.
Commentary: Fanzi Jiran states: Baiqing originates from Ba Commandery.
[Pianqing (Green Malachite) ]
Taste is sweet, nature is neutral. It primarily treats eye pain, brightens the eyes, sets fractures, treats carbuncles and swellings, heals chronic metal-induced wounds, breaks up accumulations, detoxifies mineral vapors (Taiping Yulan cites as repelling toxins), and benefits the spirit. Long-term consumption lightens the body and prevents aging. Grows in mountain valleys.
Wu Pu records: Pianqing, Shen Nong and Lei Gong state it has a slightly cold nature and is non-toxic, produced in Shu Commandery, treats male impotence and internal depletion, enabling procreation (Taiping Yulan cites: treats carbuncles, spleen wind-bi. Long-term consumption lightens the body).
Mingyi Bie Lu records: Produced in Zhuya, Wudu, and Zhuti, collected at any time.
Commentary: Fanzi Jiran states: Pianqing originates from Hongnong and Yuzhang.
The above are Jade and Stone categories, Upper Grade, eighteen species in total, consistent with older editions.
[Changpu (Acorus Tatarinowii) ]
Taste is pungent, nature is warm. It primarily treats wind-cold-damp bi syndrome, cough with rebellious qi, opens the heart orifice, tonifies the five zang organs, benefits the nine orifices, clarifies hearing and vision, and facilitates voice production. Long-term consumption lightens the body, prevents forgetfulness, avoids confusion, and prolongs life. Also known as Changyang (Taiping Yulan cites: grows on rocks, those with one inch and nine nodes are best for long-term consumption to lighten the body, etc. The Daguan edition lacks the phrase "grows on rocks," includes "those with one inch and nine nodes are excellent," printed in black characters). Grows in ponds and marshes.
Wu Pu records: Changpu, also known as Yaojiu (Yiwen Leiju cites: also known as Changyang).
Mingyi Bie Lu records: Produced in Shangluo and Yandao in Shu Commandery, roots collected on the 12th day of the fifth lunar month, dried in shade.
Commentary: Shuowen Jiezi states: Chang is Acorus, produced in Yizhou. Guangya states: Qiong, Changyang, is Acorus. Zhou Li states: Changben. Zheng Xuan's commentary states: Changben is the root of Acorus, cut into four-inch pieces for pickling. Zuo Zhuan states: Eat Changzu. Du Yu's commentary states: Changzu is pickled Acorus. Lüshi Chunqiu states: Fifty-seven days after the Winter Solstice, Chang begins to grow. Chang is the pioneer of all herbs, marking the beginning of plowing. Huainanzi · Shuoshan Xun states: Changyang removes fleas and lice while attracting Lingqiong; Gao You's commentary states: Changyang is Acorus; Lie Xian Zhuan states: Shangqiuzi Xu ate Acorus roots, Wuguang consumed Pujia roots. Liso Caomu Shu states, Shen Cunzhong says: what is referred to as Lansun