味苦，平，寒。主伤寒温疟，下十二水，破积聚、大坚、症瘕，荡涤肠胃中留癖饮食、
寒热邪气，利水道，生川谷。
《名医》曰∶生咸阳及河南中牟。六月采花，阴干。
味苦，寒。主邪气、热气，疥瘙、恶疡、创痔，去白虫。一名野狼牙，生川谷。
《吴普》曰∶野狼牙，一名支兰，一名野狼齿，一名犬牙，一名抱子。神农、黄帝∶苦，有
毒；桐君∶或咸；岐伯、雷公、扁鹊∶无毒。生冤句。叶青，根黄赤，六月、七月花，
八月实黑。正月、八月采根（《御览》）。
《名医》曰∶一名野狼齿，一名野狼子，一名犬牙。生淮南及冤句。八月采根，曝干。
案∶《范子计然》云∶野狼牙，出三辅。色白者，善。
味辛，温。主贼风在皮肤中，淫淫痛，温疟，恶毒，诸痹。生川谷。
《吴普》曰∶羊踯躅花，神农、雷公∶辛，有毒。生淮南。治贼风、恶毒，诸邪气（《
御览》）。
《名医》曰∶一名玉支，生太行山及淮南山。三月采花，阴干。
案∶《广雅》云∶羊踯躅，英光也。《古今注》云∶羊踯躅花，黄羊食之，则死；羊见之，
则踯躅分散，故名羊踯躅。陶弘景云∶花苗似鹿葱。
味辛，平。主水张、疝瘕、痹，熨除痈肿，杀鬼精物。一名 根，一名夜呼。生川谷。
《名医》曰∶如人行者，有神。生咸阳。
案∶《说文》∶ 草，枝枝相值，叶叶相当。《广雅》云∶常蓼，马尾，商陆也。《尔
雅》云∶ ，马尾。郭璞云∶今关西亦呼为陆也。盖 ，即 俗字；
商，即 假音。
[Rauvolfia verticillata (Rao Hua)]
Taste: Bitter. Nature: Neutral, Cold. Indications: Treats Shanghan (Cold Damage) and Wen Nue (Warm Malaria); promotes the downward movement of fluid retention in the twelve meridians; breaks up accumulations, large hard masses, and Zheng Jia (abdominal masses); purges retained food and pathogenic factors (cold-heat) from the intestines and stomach; promotes urination. Grows in river valleys.
*The Divine Farmer's Materia Medica* states: Grows in Xianyang and Zhongmu, Henan. Flowers are harvested in the sixth lunar month and dried in the shade.
[Phytolacca acinosa (Shang Lu)]
Taste: Bitter. Nature: Cold. Indications: Treats pathogenic factors and heat qi; scabies with itching, malignant sores, and hemorrhoids; expels white worms (intestinal parasites). Also known as Ye Lang Ya (Wild Wolf's Tooth), grows in river valleys.
*Wu Pu's Materia Medica* states: Ye Lang Ya is also known as Zhi Lan, Ye Lang Chi, Quan Ya, and Bao Zi. According to Shennong and Huangdi: Bitter, toxic. According to Tong Jun: Some are salty. According to Qibo, Leigong, and Bian Que: Non-toxic. Grows in Yuanju. Leaves are green, roots are yellowish-red, flowers appear in the sixth and seventh lunar months, and fruits turn black in the eighth lunar month. Roots are harvested in the first and eighth lunar months (*Taiping Yulan*).
*The Divine Farmer's Materia Medica* states: Also known as Ye Lang Chi, Ye Lang Zi, and Quan Ya. Grows in Huainan and Yuanju. Roots are harvested in the eighth lunar month and sun-dried.
Note: *Fanzi Jiran* states: Ye Lang Ya originates from the Sanfu region. Those with white color are of superior quality.
[Rhododendron molle (Yang Zhi Zhu)]
Taste: Pungent. Nature: Warm. Indications: Treats Zei Feng (wind pathogens invading the skin), wandering pain, Wen Nue (Warm Malaria), malignant toxins, and various Bi syndromes (painful obstruction). Grows in river valleys.
*Wu Pu's Materia Medica* states: Yang Zhi Zhu flower. According to Shennong and Leigong: Pungent, toxic. Grows in Huainan. Treats Zei Feng, malignant toxins, and various pathogenic factors (*Taiping Yulan*).
*The Divine Farmer's Materia Medica* states: Also known as Yu Zhi, grows in Taihang Mountain and Huai Mountain South. Flowers are harvested in the third lunar month and dried in the shade.
Note: *Guangya* states: Yang Zhi Zhu is also called Ying Guang. *Gujin Zhu* states: Yellow sheep die after eating Yang Zhi Zhu flowers; sheep hesitate when seeing it, hence the name "Yang Zhi Zhu" (Hesitating Sheep). Tao Hongjing states: The flowers and seedlings resemble Luchong (Zephyranthes candida).
[Phytolacca acinosa / Related Species (Shang Lu variant or misattributed text)]
Taste: Pungent. Nature: Neutral. Indications: Treats water distension, Shan Jia (hernia/masses), Bi syndrome; hot compresses can eliminate carbuncles and swellings; kills gui jing wu (pathogenic spirits/entities). Also known as [Missing Character] Gen, also known as Ye Hu. Grows in river valleys.
*The Divine Farmer's Materia Medica* states: Resembles a person walking, possesses spiritual properties. Grows in Xianyang.
Note: *Shuowen Jiezi*: [Missing Character] grass has branches facing each other and leaves matching each other. *Guangya* states: Chang Liao, Ma Wei, is Shang Lu. *Erya* states: [Missing Character] is Ma Wei. Guo Pu states: It is also called Lu in Guanxi today. Essentially, [Missing Character] is the vernacular character for Shang; "Shang" is a phonetic loan.