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Sweet in flavor, neutral in nature. It primarily treats wind-induced muscle spasms and contractures (Feng Luan Ju Ji), hemiplegia (Pian Ku), and qi stagnation with obstruction (Qi Bu Tong Li). Long-term consumption tonifies primordial qi (Yi Qi), suppresses hunger, lightens the body, and promotes longevity (Nai Lao). Also known as "Fang".

Grows in ponds and marshes.

Wu Pu states: Yan Fang (Goose Fat), according to Shennong, Qibo, and Leigong: Sweet in flavor, non-toxic (The *Taiping Yulan* contains the character "Fang", which should be understood as an alias "Fang"). It can neutralize the toxicity of various mineral drugs (The *Taiping Yulan* cites: collected at any time).

The *Mingyi Bielu* (Record of Famous Physicians) states: Grows in the Jiangnan region; collected at any time.

Note: The *Shuowen Jiezi* states: "Yan" refers to the domestic goose. "Shufu" refers to the wild duck. The *Guangya* states: The goose is the Cangyan. The Fu is the duck. The *Erya* states: The Shuyan is the goose. Guo Pu comments: The *Book of Rites* says: "Moving like a stretching swan/goose," now in the Jiangdong region called Shufu. Again, Shufu, Guo Pu comments: is the duck. The *Fangyan* states: From east of Hangu Pass, it is called Shue; outside the Chu region in the south, it is called E, or sometimes Cang'e. According to the *Shuowen Jiezi*: There is a separate character for "Yan" used for the wild goose/swan; the character for "Duck" is the rapid pronunciation of "Yan." Thus, this Yan Fang is actually the fat of geese and ducks. It should be written as the character "Yan." The author of the *Mingyi Bielu* did not understand this, listing a separate entry for "Fang," and also entries for White Duck and Goose, mistakenly suspecting this to be the fat of wild geese/swans. How erroneous! Tao Hongjing and Su Gong both made nonsensical remarks.

Above are avian substances, two items in the Superior Grade, traditionally grouped together.

Sweet in flavor, neutral in nature. It primarily treats evil qi in the heart and abdomen, various forms of fright, spasms, and epilepsy (Jing Jing Xian), calms the five zang organs, addresses various deficiencies, tonifies qi and strengthens the middle jiao (Bu Zhong), stops pain, detoxifies, eliminates various diseases, and harmonizes other medicinal herbs. Long-term consumption strengthens the will (Qiang Zhi), lightens the body, suppresses hunger, and prevents aging. Also known as "Shi Yi". Grows in mountain valleys.

Wu Pu states: Shi Mi (Rock Honey), according to Shennong and Leigong: Sweet in flavor, neutral in qi. Grows at river sources or river beams (Another citation in *Taiping Yulan* states: grows in the valleys of Wudu).

The *Mingyi Bielu* states: Grows in the river sources of Wudu and among rocks in various mountains. Those that are white in color and paste-like in texture are of superior quality.

Note: The *Shuowen Jiezi* states: Bees. Sweet malt sugar. Another interpretation is Mingzi, or written as Mi. The *Classic of Mountains and Seas: Central Classic* states: Pingfeng Mountain has much sand and stone; this is truly the dwelling place of honey. Guo Pu comments: Mi refers to the name of red bees. The *Miscellaneous Records of the Western Capital* states: The King of Nanyue presented five hu of Shi Mi to Emperor Gao. The *Yupian* states: Flies and katydids, sweet malt sugar. Su Gong states: The character "Shi" (Stone) should be removed.