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Water blisters (Shuipao) are formed when pathogenic toxins are exuberant, causing the Fire Qi to fail to flare upwards and the Water Qi to fail to moisten downwards; the two contend and激荡 within the skin. Treatment should focus on regulating the Spleen and smoothing the Qi. However, since the pustules originate from the legs and feet, the toxin also transforms from there. When the pustules crust over and the blisters retract, if the color is red-purple, it indicates extreme heat.

Hemorrhage (Shixue) occurs when toxic fire forces blood to move recklessly. Bleeding from the nose is easy to treat, whereas bleeding from the mouth or the large and small intestines is difficult to treat.

The Classics state: "When Stomach Qi flourishes, life prospers; when Stomach Qi is cut off, life perishes." In all cases where severe and ominous signs appear in smallpox, as long as the Spleen and Stomach are strong and the patient can eat, support can be provided from beginning to end to achieve a successful outcome. For extremely critical cases, do not abandon them; with careful external care, at worst, only pockmarks will remain. If the patient does not eat for one or two days, they will naturally eat after the eruption. If they do not eat by the fifth or sixth day, it is a critical sign. Even with tonifying medicines, efficacy is often lacking. In cases where swelling of the lips and oral pustules prevents sucking milk or eating, fine pills made of glutinous rice flour mixed with a little sugar can be fed grain by grain, accompanied by broth. Ginseng may be added for tonification. If the patient eats excessively, it indicates exuberant Stomach Fire; minerals such as Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao, 石膏) should be added to the prescription to clear Stomach Fire. Failure to treat properly leads to severe harm. It is appropriate for the patient to eat normally after recovery, but overeating must be avoided.

Even if dangerous smallpox has healed, persistent body heat is a precursor to the toxin erupting again. Immediate administration of Dalianqiao Yin (Great Lonicola Decoction, which can also be made into pills) is indicated. Eruption on the vertex, or at Quchi (LI11, 曲池) in the elbow creases of both arms, or at Weizhong (BL40, 委中) behind the knees, causes no harm. Eruption on the chest and back is fatal. Do not chew raw beans or similar dispersants, as this will drive the toxin inward. Only the aforementioned formula or Zhenren Huoming Yin (True Person's Life-Saving Decoction) should be used. In severe cases where swelling is soft with pus but cannot penetrate, use Gleditsiae Spina (Zaocangci, 皂角刺) to puncture deeply until blood appears and pus is visible (insert a cotton-paper wick into the hole, leave the head exposed, apply separately a detoxifying plaster, until pus is exhausted and flesh grows. If the arm remains straight and cannot bend, it will naturally flex after a long time). Additionally, rapid breathing and phlegm-cough indicate toxin in the Lung; bad breath and diarrhea indicate toxin in the Spleen and Stomach; night sweats, fever, and thirst indicate toxin in the Heart; startle jumps during sleep indicate heat in the Liver; heat remaining in the ears indicates toxin in the Kidney; these should be treated concurrently in the medication. Furthermore, eye inflammation, body heat, and melancholy are all signs of residual toxin.