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The principles of heaven and earth utilize the Five Movements (Wuyun) and Yin-Yang as the function of change. Thus, the classics state: "In heaven it is profound mystery (Xuan), in humanity it is the Dao (Way), and on earth it is transformation (Hua). Transformation generates the five flavors, the Dao generates wisdom, and mystery generates spirit/divinity." In heaven are Wind, Fire (Shu/Heat), Dampness, Dryness, and Cold; on earth are Wood, Fire, Earth, Metal, and Water. Therefore, in heaven there is Qi (Energy/Air), and on earth there is Form (Shape/Matter). The interaction between Qi and Form gives rise to all things.

Five Qi: Wind, Heat/Shu, Dampness, Dryness, Cold.
Five Elements (Wuxing): Wood, Fire, Earth, Metal, Water.
Five Planets: Suisui (Jupiter), Yinghuo (Mars), Zhenshui (Saturn), Daibai (Venus), Chenxing (Mercury).
Five Tones: Jue, Zhi, Gong, Shang, Yu.
Five Directions: East, South, Central, West, North.
Five Correspondences (Seasons): Spring, Summer, Late Summer, Autumn, Winter.
Five Transformations of Generating Qi: Growth (Sheng), Flourishing (Zhang), Transformation/Assimilation (Hua), Harvesting (Shou), Storage (Cang).
Five Normal Movement Records: Fuhe (Spreading Harmony), Shengming (Ascending Brightness), Beihua (Complete Transformation), Shenping (Judicious Peace), Jingshun (Quiet Obedience).
Five Climate Signs: Duansu, Gaomao, Yunping, Diaoliang, Chengming.
Five Natures: Warm and compliant; Hot and rapid; Moist, quiet, upright, and level; Cool and pure; Vast and flowing downward.
Five Functions: Bending and straightening/shaking; Burning and scorching/restless; High and lush/full/transformational; Firm formation/scattering; Overflowing and flowing down.
Five Animals (Chong): Hairy (Mammals), Feathered (Birds), Naked (Humans), Armored (Reptiles/Crustaceans), Scaled (Fish).
Five Livestock: Sheep, Horse (Transformed by Ministerial Fire, belongs to Fire, Pungent flavor 1), Cow, Chicken, Pig.
Five Grains: Hemp, Wheat, Millet, Rice, Beans.
Five Fruits: Plum, Apricot, Jujube, Peach, Chestnut.
Five Vegetables: Leek, Scallion/Garlic chives, Mallow, Green Onion, Broad bean leaves. (Bean leaves have a bitter/astringent taste.)
Five Solids (Texture): Core, Network/Vein, Flesh, Shell, Soft/Damp.
Five Objects (Form): Hard, Veined, Skin, Externally hard, Soft/Damp.
Five Colors: Green/Blue, Red, Yellow, White, Black.
Five Odors: Fishy/Savory, Scorched/Burnt, Fragrant, Raw/Fishy, Rotten.
Five Flavors: Sour, Bitter, Sweet, Pungent, Salty.
Five Movement Completion Numbers: Eight, Seven, Five, Nine, Six.
Five Virtues: Spreading Harmony, Manifestation, Moistening/Nourishing, Cleaning/Purifying, Desolate/Chilly.
Five Transformations: Growth and Glory, Lushness, Abundance, Firmness and Contraction, Clarity and Narrowness.
Five Administrations: Dispersing and Opening, Illuminating, Quietude, Stern Severity, Purity and Tranquility.
Five Commands (Climate Manifestations): Gentle wind and warmth; Summer heat and stagnation; Damp clouds and rain; Dryness and mist/fog; Fog, dew, and cold.
Five Changes: Shaking, pulling, breaking, uprooting; Melting, scorching, blazing; Turbulent sudden rain; Severe killing and desolation; Biting cold and freezing.
Five Disasters: Scattering/Falling, Burning, Collapse/Overturning, Ice and Snow, Frost and Hail.
Five Diseases: Decline, Urgency/Emergency, (Here referring to Ministerial Fire movement, summer leap month changes, also belonging to Sovereign Fire transformation), Obstruction/Stagnation, Cough, Reversal/Jue.

Five Spirits of the Zang Organs: Hun (Ethereal Soul), Shen (Spirit), Yi (Intellect), Po (Corporeal Soul), Jing (Essence).
Five Zang Organs: Liver, Heart (Below all are transformations of Sovereign Fire), Spleen, Lung, Kidney.
Five Emotions (Zhi): Anger, Joy, Pensiveness, Grief, Fear.
Five Orifices: Eyes, Tongue, Mouth, Nose, Ears.
Five Openings of Zang Organs: Eyes, Ears (Due to the clearing nature of Ministerial Fire), Mouth, Nose, Urination (Anterior Yin).
Five Masters of Zang Organs: Eyes, Tongue, Mouth, Nose, Two Yin Orifices (Urethra and Anus).
Five Nourishments: Sinews/Tendons, Blood Vessels, Muscles, Skin/Hair, Bone Marrow.
Five Internal Correspondences: Chest and Hypochondrium, Pectoral and Ribs, Heart and Abdomen, Pectoral, Hypochondriac, Abdominal, Back, Lower Waist and Spinal Marrow.
Five External Correspondences: Joints, Collaterals/Vessels, Muscles and Limbs, Skin/Hair, Valleys (soft tissues) and Knees.

All these Five Transformations aim for balance, avoiding both excess and deficiency. The sequence of Growth, Flourishing, Transformation, Harvesting, and Storage follows its order, each fulfilling its virtue, so that excessive overcoming does not occur. During the months of growth, if the Five Transformations are open and peaceful, adhering to their norms without deviation, this is transformation without change, termed the peak of prosperity. The classics state: "Generation of things is called Transformation; when things reach the extreme, it is called Change." If the Heavenly Way loses its normalcy, disease arises from this. For instance, if Wood moves excessively and changes, Wind Qi prevails greatly, pathogenic factors invade and overwhelm Spleen Earth, causing Dampness transformation to be suppressed; all these are diseases. Extreme Wind-Wood causes self-disease. If Wood fails to uphold its virtue, it insults Lung Metal and overwhelms Spleen Earth. When Earth Qi is suppressed, it seeks help from its child element, which is Metal. The child avenges the mother, leading to a surge of Clear Qi and the prevalence of Dryness command, resulting in Liver disease. If Wood is deficient, Metal overcomes it, and the Liver suffers pathogenic insult, described as disease due to deficiency. When Metal overcomes Wood, Fire avenges the mother, and Metal becomes diseased. The Five Stars and all things respond accordingly, and humans follow suit. The rest can be deduced similarly.

Thus, the classics state: "When the Five Qi are established, each has its precedence. If not in its proper position, it is pathogenic; if in its proper position, it is healthy." Regarding the variations of disease generation: if Qi are compatible, the disease is mild; if incompatible, it is severe. The ruler of the annual movement: if Qi is in excess, it controls what it normally overcomes; if deficient, what normally overcomes it insults and rides upon it, and what it normally overcomes lightly insults it. Insulting others may lead to receiving pathogenic factors oneself, due to a lack of fear—is this not the way? When the Five Movements are excessive, they transform into the nature of what they cannot overcome; this is referred to as Wood transforming into Metal-like characteristics. When a counteracting force (Fu) occurs, the transformation becomes pure, but its Qi moves and changes, causing disease. Those who suffer from overcoming weakness receive pathogens; those who are overly strong reach an extreme and also fall ill. Depending on the severity of the overcome element, an excessive counteracting force may instead invite disaster.

The Five Records of Excess: Wood is called Fa Sheng (Initiating Generation); Fire is called He Xi (Blazing Radiance); Earth is called Dun Fu (Piled High); Metal is called Jian Cheng (Firm Formation); Water is called Liu Yan (Flowing Overflow).
In Chen and Xu years, with Upper Yu (Water) movement, the movements are Wind, Heat, Yin Mist, Coolness, Cold Severity. Their transformations include rustling branches opening, warm heat stagnation, soft moist heavy dew, foggy dew killing, and freezing bleakness. Their changes involve shaking, breaking, uprooting, blazing boiling, startling gusts, severe killing, and ice/snow/hail. Diseases include dizziness/trembling, eye closure/blindness, heat stagnation, heaviness of dampness below, dryness, back cloudiness/chest fullness, and great cold flowing into the valleys.
In Yin and Shen years, with Upper Zhi (Fire) movement, the movements are Wind Drumming, Heat, Rain Clouds, Coolness, Cold Severity. Their transformations are similar to above. Their changes are identical. Diseases include trembling/dizziness, hypochondriac distension/startle, upper heat stagnation, blood overflow/bleeding, heart pain, body weight/edema/phlegm-fluid, shoulder/back/chest cold edema.
In Zi and Wu years, with Upper Zhi (Fire) movement, the movements are Wind-Heat, Blazing Summer Heat, Rain Clouds, Cool Strength, Cold. Transformations and changes are similar. Diseases include limb fullness, upper hot blood overflow, middle body heaviness, lower clear/cold, and cold descending.
Generally, regular periods allow for smoothing out the records, not necessarily always occurring as such, because there are uses for variable diseases. Thus, among them, some are not excessive, which can be deduced. The sick conditions are where disease arises. For example, if the year is Tai Jue (Excessive Wood) with Wind prevailing, Spleen Earth receives evil, and people suffer from undigested food diarrhea, reduced appetite, body heaviness, vexation, intestinal rumbling, limb fullness, irritability/anger, dizziness, and head diseases. Clouds and objects fly and move, grass and trees do not settle, and severely, they shake and fall, reversing to hypochondriac pain and severe vomiting. If the Chongyang pulse is absent, death ensues.
If the year is Tai Zhi (Excessive Fire) with Fire prevailing, Lung Metal receives evil, and people suffer from malaria, shortness of breath, cough/wheezing, blood overflow/bleeding, profuse diarrhea, throat dryness, deafness, central heat, shoulder/back heat, and severely, chest pain, hypochondriac distension/pain, pectoral/back/scapular pain, inner arm pain, body heat, skin pain, and spreading sores. With rain/frost/cold, diseases reverse to delirium/manic behavior, cough/wheezing/rhonchi, and severely, continuous blood overflow/bleeding. If the Taiyuan pulse is absent, death is incurable.
If the year is Tai Gong (Excessive Earth) with Earth prevailing, Kidney Water receives evil, and people suffer from abdominal pain, cold reversal, unhappiness, body heaviness/vexation, and severely, muscle atrophy, foot atrophy/inability to hold, walking difficulties, sole pain, fluid accumulation, central fullness/reduced appetite, four limbs inability to hold, and severe lower symptoms. If the Taixi pulse is absent, death is incurable.
If the year is Tai Shang (Excessive Metal) with Metal prevailing, Liver Wood receives evil, and people suffer from bilateral hypochondriac fullness, pain radiating to the lower abdomen, red eyes/ulcers, hearing loss, chest pain radiating to the back, and severely, wheezing/cough/reverse Qi, shoulder/back pain, buttock/genital/thigh/knee/thigh/foot pain. Metal Qi is harsh, generating Qi descends, grass/trees gather/constrict, green/dry/fallen. Reversing to acute hypochondriac pain, inability to turn side-to-side, severe cough/reverse Qi, and blood overflow. If the Taichong pulse is absent, death is incurable.
If the year is Tai Yu (Excessive Water) with Water prevailing, Heart Fire receives evil, and people suffer from body heat, vexation, palpitations, Yin reversal, cold above and below, delirium, and heart pain. Cold Qi arrives early, and severely, abdominal distension/calf swelling, cough/wheezing, night sweats, aversion to wind, heavy rain approaching, dusty fog stagnation, dampness altering things. Diseases reverse to abdominal fullness/intestinal rumbling, undigested food diarrhea, indigestion. If the Shenmen pulse is absent, death is incurable.

All these Five Movements' excessive overcoming arise from change. Change leads to the arrival of overcoming Qi; having overcoming Qi leads to subsequent counteracting overcoming Qi, which accumulates to cause disease.

When the Five Movements are deficient, their transformation is halved, and the element that normally overcomes them takes over their transformation. For example, Earth deficiency incorporates the number of Wood transformation. The element that normally overcomes comes to where it overcomes; due to deficiency, it receives evil, is suppressed and unable to extend, seeks help from its child, the child avenges the mother, subsequently exceeding in its counteraction, following the overcoming to counteract, and disease arises.

The Five Records of Deficiency: Wood Weihe (Lagging Harmony), Fire Fuming (Hidden Brightness), Earth Beijian (Low Supervision), Metal Congge (Following Reform), Water Heliu (Dried Flow). Their movements are Wind-Clearing-Heat, Heat-Cold-Rain, Rain-Wind-Cool, Cool-Heat-Cold, Cold-Rain-Wind. Their disasters correspond to the Gong tone numbers 3, 9, 5, 7, 1. This is referred to as movement deficiency incorporating the transformation of overcoming and counteracting.

Regular periods specifically clarify deficient movements, not implying that encountering a Yin Stem automatically means deficiency. Among Yin Stems, there are also Ping (Normal) movements, which must be understood. Yearly movements being deficient result in such transformations and disasters.

In years of Shao Jue (Deficient Wood), Dryness command prevails greatly, grass/trees bloom late, severe killing occurs, even rigid wood breaks, soft ones wither and turn gray/dry. People suffer from internal cold, hypochondriac pain, lower abdominal pain. Insulting others leads to receiving evil; Spleen disease causes intestinal rumbling/loose stools. Metal and Earth combine transformations, bringing cool rain. Heaven punishes/clashes, Wood Qi loses correctness, grass/trees scorch, gray wood falls again. After Fire, summer heat prevails, Damp nature becomes Dry, soft/brittle grass/trees scorch, lower body regenerates, flowers/fruits transform together. Diseases include cold/heat, sores, impetigo, carbuncles. White Dew descends early, harvesting killing Qi acts, cold rain harms things, insects eat sweet/yellow foods, Spleen reversely suffers disease.
In years of Shao Zhi (Deficient Fire), Cold Qi prevails greatly, things flourish then decline, bleakness is severe, Yang Qi fails to transform, destroying glory/beauty. People suffer from chest pain, hypochondriac distension/pain, pectoral/back/scapular pain, inner arm pain, depression/cloudiness/confusion, heart pain, sudden aphonia, hypochondriac/lower back pulling pain, inability to bend/extend, hip/thigh feeling like splitting. Counteraction brings dust/stagnation, heavy rain approaches, Black Qi humiliates, leading to loose stools, abdominal fullness, inability to eat/drink, cold center/intestinal rumbling, profuse diarrhea/abdominal pain, acute spasms/atrophy/numbness, feet unable to bear weight.
In years of Shao Gong (Deficient Earth), Wind Qi acts, grass/trees flourish, swaying severely, flowering but not fruiting. People suffer from undigested food diarrhea, cholera, body heaviness/abdominal pain, bone/tendon fatigue/repetition, muscle soreness. Counteraction causes famous trees to wither, acute hypochondriac pain, lower pulling to lower abdomen, frequent sighing. Insects eat sweet/yellow foods, people suffer from poor appetite/loss of taste, gray grains fall.
In years of Shao Shang (Deficient Metal), Blazing Fire acts, Generating Qi is used, myriad things flourish, Dryness/Scorching acts. People suffer from shoulder/back cloudiness/swelling, runny nose/epistaxis, bloody stool/profuse diarrhea. Counteraction brings sudden cold rain, hail/snow kills things, Yin reversal and blocking, Yang reverses upward, headache extending to crown, fever/mouth ulcers, severely heart pain.
In years of Shao Yu (Deficient Water), Dampness prevails greatly, Long (Growth) Qi reversely acts, transformation is rapid, summer rain arrives frequently. People suffer from abdominal fullness/body heaviness, soft diarrhea, cold sores with flowing fluid, thigh/gene/knee inconvenience, vexation, foot atrophy/cold reversal, sole pain, severely swelling. Counteraction brings great storms, grass bends/trees lose leaves, growth is not fresh, face color changes intermittently, bones/tendons contract, muscles [affected], vision [blurred], objects have cracks, muscles develop rashes, Qi merges in diaphragm, pain in heart/abdomen.

All these Five Movements' excess and deficiency, though having fixed positions, do not guarantee overcoming. However, if there is overcoming, there is counteraction; if no overcoming, no counteraction. There are also cases of overcoming without counteraction. By examining their locations and deducing their ultimate principles, one can know them.