(冲者要也,言其为阴脉之海,通受诸经之气血也。)
冲脉者,与任脉皆起于胸中,上循脊里,为经络之海;其浮于外者,循腹,上会于咽喉,终唇口;其支者,起于足
阳明之气冲,并足少阴之经,挟脐左右各五分,上行至胸中而散。其见证也,令人逆气里急。
(言其总束诸脉如带也)
带脉起于季胁,环身一周如带,与足少阳会于维道。其见证也,腰腹从容,如囊水之状,若妇女则赤白带证,盖由
湿热于此渗流而下,故名带下。
跷者,言其为健足行步之关要也。
阳跷起于跟中,循外踝,上行入风池,其脉长八尺。生于足太阳之申脉,与足少阴会于居 ,与手阳明会于肩 、
巨骨,与手足太阳、会于阳维会,与小肠经之 俞,与手足阳明会于胃经之地仓、巨 ,又与任脉会于胃之承泣。其见
证也,令人阴缓而阳急,并宜刺之。
阴跷脉亦起于跟中,循内踝上行,至咽喉,交贯冲脉,亦长八尺。生于足少阴然谷之后,上内踝,循阴股入阴,至
胸里,入缺盆,出胃经人迎之前,入鼻,属目内 ,合于太阳。女子以为之经,男子以为之络。其见证也,令人阳缓而
阴急。此经之病,多取足少阳之交信(内踝上二寸),盖以交信为 云。
阳维者维于阳,为诸阳之会,与阴维皆络于身。若阳不能维于阳,则溶溶不能自收持。其脉起于足太阳之金门,与
手、足太阳及阳跷会于小肠之 俞,与手之太阳会三焦之天 (在缺盆之上)、胆之肩井,又与足少阳会于阳白,上循胆
之本神、临泣,正当脑空,下至风池,与督脉会于风府、哑门。其见证也,苦寒热。
(Chong, meaning a strategic pass or hub, refers to it being the sea of Yin meridians, capable of receiving and distributing the Qi and Blood of all meridians.)
The Chong Mai (Thrust Vessel) originates in the chest along with the Ren Mai (Conception Vessel), ascends along the interior of the spine, and serves as the Sea of the Meridians; its branches floating on the exterior follow the abdomen, ascend to converge at the throat, and terminate at the lips and mouth; another branch originates from the Qichong (ST30) point of the Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian, runs parallel with the Foot-Shaoyin Kidney Meridian, flanking the umbilicus five fen on each side, and ascends to disperse in the chest. Its clinical manifestations include rebellious Qi and abdominal tension.
(It implies that it binds all meridians together like a belt.)
The Dai Mai (Girdle Vessel) originates from the costal region, encircles the body once like a belt, and converges with the Foot-Shaoyang Gallbladder Meridian at the Weidao (GB26) point. Its clinical manifestations include laxity of the waist and abdomen, resembling the sensation of water sloshing in a bag; in women, this presents as leukorrhea (red and white vaginal discharge), likely caused by damp-heat seeping downward in this area, hence the name "Dai Xia" (Leukorrhea).
"Qiao" signifies its role as a key mechanism for agile walking.
The Yang Qiao Mai (Yang Heel Vessel) originates in the center of the heel, follows the lateral malleolus, ascends, and enters the Fengchi (GB20) point; its length is eight chi. It arises from the Shenmai (BL62) point of the Foot-Taiyang Bladder Meridian, converges with the Foot-Shaoyin Kidney Meridian at the Juliao (GB29) point, with the Hand-Yangming Large Intestine Meridian at the Jianyu (LI15) and Jugu (SI13) points, with the Hand and Foot Taiyang meridians and the Yang Wei Mai at the Yangjiao (BL59) point, with the Small Intestine Meridian at the Tianzong (SI11) point, with the Hand and Foot Yangming meridians at the Dicang (ST4) and Juxiao (ST3) points of the Stomach Meridian, and again with the Ren Mai at the Chengqi (ST1) point of the Stomach Meridian. Its clinical manifestations involve flaccidity of the Yin aspect and spasticity of the Yang aspect; acupuncture is indicated for both.
The Yin Qiao Mai (Yin Heel Vessel) also originates in the center of the heel, follows the medial malleolus upward, reaches the throat, intersects and penetrates the Chong Mai, and is also eight chi long. It arises posterior to the RanGu (KI2) point of the Foot-Shaoyin Kidney Meridian, ascends past the medial malleolus, follows the medial thigh into the genital region, reaches the interior of the chest, enters the Quepen (LU12) area, emerges anterior to the Renying (ST9) point of the Stomach Meridian, enters the nose, attaches to the inner canthus, and converges with the Taiyang meridians. In women, it functions as a Jing (Vessel); in men, it functions as a Luo (Collateral). Its clinical manifestations involve flaccidity of the Yang aspect and spasticity of the Yin aspect. For diseases of this vessel, the Jiaoxin (KI8) point of the Foot-Shaoyang Gallbladder Meridian (two cun above the medial malleolus) is frequently selected, as Jiaoxin regulates the Qiao vessels.
The Yang Wei Mai (Yang Linking Vessel) links the Yang meridians and serves as the convergence of all Yang meridians; it connects with the Yin Wei Mai throughout the body. If Yang Qi fails to link the Yang meridians, the patient suffers from weakness and inability to support themselves. The vessel originates from the Jinmen (BL63) point of the Foot-Taiyang Bladder Meridian, converges with the Hand and Foot Taiyang meridians and the Yang Qiao Mai at the Tianzong (SI11) point of the Small Intestine Meridian, with the Hand Taiyang meridian at the Tianyou (TE16) point of the Sanjiao Meridian (above the quepen) and the Jianjing (GB21) point of the Gallbladder Meridian, and again with the Foot-Shaoyang Gallbladder Meridian at the Yangbai (GB14) point. It ascends along the Gallbladder Meridian through the Benshen (GB13) and Linqi (GB15) points, passes directly through the Naokong (GB18) point, descends to the Fengchi (GB20) point, and converges with the Du Mai (Governor Vessel) at the Fengfu (GV16) and Yamen (GV15) points. Its clinical manifestation is aversion to cold and fever (alternating chills and heat).