口为脾之外窍,脾热盛故掏之。又火邪客于心肺,心火炽盛,金受火克亦掏口,宜双解散主之,回后重用生石膏。
肝肺有毒,而毒冲于胃,肺胃受毒在内,故发干呕也。
冲任之火,上犯清道,干呕无物者,此脏腑内伤。若饮食而呕,此热呕也,宜用陈皮、黄芩、石膏、竹
茹。饮食而硬塞呕者,此咽中作痛闭塞而呕也,加味大力子汤。甘草、射干、豆根、
荆芥、防风、陈皮、连翘、苦参、大力、桔梗。
心肝火旺,相戈而鸣,又有胃热则切牙,肝热则寒战。肺热而切牙者治宜清解散。切牙者,乃足阳明胃经
主之,阳明主肌肉,其经走于上下齿龈,邪并阳明,故切牙且胃热,非石膏不为
功,黄芩次之。《经》云∶毒火深藏肾与肝,升沉二脏扰何安,
齿牙相戈声何惨,透解潜藏自贴然。此痘疹兼论。
火毒在肝,肝则藏血而养筋。毒在肾,肾则主骨而生肝还以养血。犹唇齿之邦,两受其虐而失其和,齿其
妄剧而自斗矣,但虚者则声松,实者声紧,痘疹皆同。
心经之症,邪毒蕴结于心,心主声言,心神安则声言自清。邪热在内,心神不安,故谵语,宜升解散少加
小草、石蒲、木通治之。狂言宜退火,痫声宜安神。
自汗者腠理流通,蕴毒发越,《经》云∶液汗通。皮润。又云∶毒从汗泄,不必止之。若汗出如淋者,
火炽极也。火扰于内,而汗涌于外,是汗为火逼可知。宜用桂枝合清火主之。
回后有此汗者,是余毒无所容,以汗而解也。验其人因汗而适快者是也,不宜再服收敛等药。
论汗者,血之液也。肾液从毛窍出者为汗,是汗亦血也。原其本,在肺之通调四布而得润乎一身,以滋
养四体,犹曰白露下降,草木敷荣可知。藏则存而为液,疏则泄而为汗,涸则皮毛枯涩,郁则肢体浮肿,
寒则凝,热则沸,血一枯则汗亦因而枯也,必矣。
The mouth is the external orifice of the Spleen; oral ulceration (taokou) occurs due to excessive heat in the Spleen. Additionally, when fire pathogens invade the Heart and Lungs, excessive Heart Fire causes Metal (Lung) to be controlled by Fire, also leading to oral ulceration. The primary formula for treatment is Shuangjie San (Double-Resolution Decoction), with heavy use of Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum) after the eruption subsides.
The Liver governs anger, and the Lung governs vocalization. When toxins accumulate within the Lung and Liver, the patient becomes irritable and cries incessantly. This condition resolves through purging fire.
When toxins reside in the Liver and Lung and surge into the Stomach, causing internal toxicity in these organs, dry retching (gan'ou) occurs.
If fire from the Chong and Ren meridians invades the clear pathways upward, resulting in dry retching without vomitus, this indicates internal injury to the Zang-Fu organs. If vomiting occurs after eating, it is classified as heat-induced vomiting, treated with Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum), and Zhuru (Bambusae Caulis in Taenia). If swallowing difficulties lead to vomiting due to pain and obstruction in the throat, Jiawei Dalizi Tang (Modified Burdock Seed Decoction) is indicated. Its ingredients include Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Shegan (Belamcandae Rhizoma), Dougen (Derridis Radix), Jingjie (Schizonepetae Herba), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus), Kushen (Sophorae Flavescentis Radix), Dalizi (Arctii Fructus), and Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix).
Excessive fire in the Heart and Liver causes mutual aggression and noise; gastric heat leads to teeth grinding (qiya), while liver heat causes chills. For teeth grinding caused by lung heat, Qingjie San (Clear-Resolution Decoction) is appropriate. Teeth grinding is governed by the Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian. The Yangming meridian governs muscles and runs along the upper and lower gingiva. When pathogens merge with the Yangming meridian, teeth grinding accompanied by gastric heat occurs. Only Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum) can effectively address this, with Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) being secondary. The Classic states: "Toxic fire hides deep in the Kidney and Liver; how can the ascending and descending organs remain peaceful? How tragic is the sound of grinding teeth! Resolving the hidden fire brings natural calm." This discusses varicella/smallpox conditions comprehensively.
Fire toxins in the Liver affect its function of storing blood and nourishing sinews. Toxins in the Kidney affect its function of governing bones and generating marrow, which subsequently nourishes Liver blood. Like lips and teeth, both suffer under toxin attack and lose harmony, causing teeth to grind violently. However, deficiency patterns present with loose sounds, while excess patterns present with tight sounds; this applies to all smallpox/varicella cases.
Symptoms of the Heart Meridian involve toxic accumulation in the Heart. Since the Heart governs speech, a tranquil Spirit results in clear speech. Internal pathogenic heat disturbs the Spirit, causing delirious speech (shanyu). Treatment involves Shengjie San (Ascending-Resolution Decoction) with minor additions of Xiaocao (Polygoni Avicularis Herba), Shipu (Acori Tatarinowii Rhizoma), and Mutong (Akebiae Caulis). Delirious speech requires fire-reducing methods, while sounds associated with epilepsy require spirit-calming methods.
Spontaneous sweating (zihan) indicates open pores and the venting of accumulated toxins. The Classic states: "Fluids flow freely, skin remains moist." It also says: "Toxins are expelled via sweat; there is no need to stop it forcibly." However, profuse sweating like pouring rain indicates extreme fire intensity. Internal fire disturbance forces sweat outward, proving that sweat is compelled by fire. Treatment uses Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) combined with fire-clearing agents. Sweating after the eruption subsides indicates residual toxins finding release through sweat. Verification lies in whether the patient feels comfortable after sweating; in such cases, astringent medicines should not be administered again.
Regarding sweat: it is the fluid of Blood. Fluids from the Kidney exiting through hair follicles become sweat; thus, sweat is related to Blood. Tracing its origin, the Lung's regulating and dispersing functions distribute fluids to moisten the body and nourish the limbs, akin to white dew descending and promoting lush vegetation. Stored internally, it is fluid; discharged externally, it is sweat. Depletion leads to dry skin; stagnation leads to edema. Cold causes coagulation; heat causes boiling. If Blood dries up, Sweat inevitably follows.