余自归里后,杜门不与世事接。先太宜人病痰饮,延叶眉寿治,历四年弗痊,而眉寿谓
为痼疾难效。因遍览方书,颇会其旨,拣方以治,不一年而瘳。后遂旁收博采,穷幽极渺,
而于长沙、河间、东垣、子和、丹溪诸书尤三致意焉。窃尝谓医之有长沙,时中之圣也;而
四家并峙,犹清任和之各成其圣,偏焉而至者也。学不从此参究,犹航断港绝潢以望至于海
也,其能之乎?但四家自河间、东垣而外,子和文多缺略,未为全书;丹溪著作,类出门人
记载。惟闻《脉因证治》一书简而赅,约而尽。学人循是而窥长沙,如得其船与楫,沿而不
止,固自不可量也。而流传绝少,历三十年未获一嗒,心常怏怏。岁乙未,客有持来示余,
欲广诸同好,亟请付梓。不禁欣感交集,以为一线灵光,忽然涌现,真为桑榆之幸。因不辞
而为之序,以弁其首。
乾隆乙未仲夏吴趋缪遵义书于芝田山房
【脉】寸口沉大而滑,沉则为实,滑则为气,实气相搏,厥气入脏则死,入腑则
愈。唇青身冷为入脏,死;身和汗自出为入腑,则愈。紧而急者为遁尸;少阴不至,肾气
衰
【证治】 在外者可治,入里者死。血气并走于上,则为厥,暴死。素有痼疾,
新加卒病,先治卒病。尸厥者,昏不知人,脉动如故,开上焦心肺之阳,自愈。
尸厥,脉动无气,气闭静而死也。以菖蒲屑内鼻两孔中吹之,令人以桂屑放舌下。又方
∶剃取左角发方寸,烧末酒和,灌入喉立起。
救卒死身热者验方 矾石半斤,以水一斗五升煮消,浸脚令没踝。盖取矾性收涩
,而敛其厥逆之气。
还魂汤 治卒死、客忤气。
麻黄(三两,去节) 杏仁(八十个,去皮尖) 炙甘草(一两)
上三味,水八升,煮取三升,去渣,入姜汁少许,令咽之。盖取辛甘通阳气,发越邪气
故也。
救卒死目闭方 捣薤汁灌耳中妙;或吹皂荚末于鼻中,立效。薤汁辟邪安魂,
荚末取嚏开窍。
救卒死张口反折方 灸手足两爪后十四壮,饮以五毒诸膏散。
外有中恶、中气、中食等状,与卒尸相类,须详谛脉证而投之,慎勿泛视,误人仓卒。
变通在神,法难毕述。
After returning to my hometown, I closed my door and shunned social interactions. My late mother suffered from phlegm-fluid retention (Tan Yin), treated by Ye Meishou for four years without recovery; he considered it a stubborn disease difficult to cure. Therefore, I extensively consulted medical formularies, grasped their essence, selected prescriptions for treatment, and recovered within a year. Thereafter, I collected broadly and explored profound principles, paying particular attention to the works of Changsha (Zhang Zhongjing), Hejian (Liu Wansu), Dongyuan (Li Gao), Zihe (Zhang Congzheng), and Danxi (Zhu Zhenheng). I have often said that in medicine, Changsha is the sage among contemporaries; while the other four schools stand side by side, each becoming a sage in their own right, reaching perfection through specialization. Without studying from these sources, one would be like sailing in a dry ditch hoping to reach the sea—how could success be achieved? However, apart from Hejian and Dongyuan, Zihe’s writings are incomplete; Danxi’s works are mostly recorded by disciples. Only *Maiyin Zhengzhi* (Pulse, Etiology, Syndrome, and Treatment) is known to be concise yet comprehensive. Following this book to explore Changsha’s methods is like having a boat and oars; proceeding without stopping, the potential is immeasurable. Yet copies are rare; after thirty years without seeing one, I felt uneasy. In the Yiwu year, a guest presented me with a copy, wishing to share it with enthusiasts. I eagerly requested its publication. Overcome with joy and emotion, I felt a ray of spiritual light suddenly appear, truly a blessing in my later years. Thus, I wrote this preface without hesitation, placing it at the beginning.
Mid-summer of the Yiwu year in Qianlong era, Wu Qu Miao Zunyi wrote at Zhitian Study.
[Pulse] The Cun Kou pulse is deep, large, and slippery. Deep indicates excess (Shi); slippery indicates Qi stagnation. When excess and Qi contend, if Jue Qi (Rebellious Qi) enters the Zang organs, death ensues; if it enters the Fu organs, recovery occurs. Cyan lips and cold body indicate entry into Zang (death); harmonious body and spontaneous sweating indicate entry into Fu (recovery). Tight and rapid pulses indicate Dun Shi (Escaping Corpse); absence of Shaoyin pulse indicates decline of Kidney Qi.
[Treatment] Superficial cases are treatable; internalized cases are fatal. If Blood and Qi rush upward simultaneously, Jue syndrome occurs, leading to sudden death. In patients with chronic diseases who acquire acute illnesses, treat the acute illness first. Shi Jue (Corpse Faintness) involves unconsciousness with normal pulse movement; opening Yang Qi of the Upper Jiao (Heart and Lung) leads to self-recovery. Shi Jue with pulse movement but absent Qi signifies Qi closure and stillness leading to death. Blow Rhizoma Acori Tatarinowii powder into nostrils; place Cinnamon Twig powder under the tongue. Another method: Shave one square cun of hair from the left temple, burn to ash, mix with wine, and pour into throat for immediate revival. Verified prescription for sudden death with body heat: Half jin of Alum, boiled in 15 sheng of water until dissolved; soak feet up to ankles. This utilizes Alum’s astringent nature to gather rebellious Qi. Huanhun Tang (Revive Soul Decoction) treats sudden death and Ke Wu Qi (Guest Hostile Qi). Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 3 liang, remove nodes), Armeniacae Semen Amarum (Xingren, 80 seeds, remove skin and tips), Glycyrrhizae Radica et Rhizoma Praeparata (Zhi Gancao, 1 liang). Boil three ingredients in 8 sheng of water to obtain 3 sheng, strain, add ginger juice, and administer. This utilizes pungent-sweet properties to unblock Yang Qi and expel pathogenic factors. Prescription for sudden death with closed eyes: Crush Allii Macrostemonis Bulbus (Xie) juice and instill into ears; or blow Saponariae Fructus (Zaogeng) powder into nose for immediate effect. Xie juice dispels evil and calms the soul; Zaogeng induces sneezing to open orifices. Prescription for sudden death with open mouth and opisthotonos: Moxibustion on fourteen points behind fingernails/toenails; drink Wudu various plaster powders. External conditions such as Zhong E (Evil Strike), Zhong Qi (Qi Strike), and Zhong Shi (Food Strike) resemble Su Shi (Sudden Corpse); carefully examine pulse and syndrome before prescribing. Avoid superficial judgment to prevent hasty errors. Adaptation requires divine insight; methods cannot be fully enumerated.