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When the Large Intestine is diseased, there is severe pain in the intestines accompanied by gurgling sounds. If cold pathogen is contracted again in winter, diarrhea occurs with pain around the umbilicus, and the patient cannot stand for a long time. The pulse presentation is similar to that of Stomach diseases. Treatment should target Shangliao (ST37 / Juxu Shangliao). If there is borborygmus in the intestines, Qi rushes upward to the chest, causing panting and inability to stand for long, this indicates pathogen in the Large Intestine. Acupuncture should be applied to Huanyuan (CV4 / Guanyuan), Juxu Shangliao (ST37), and Zusanli (ST35). Cold in the Large Intestine leads to loose stools; heat in the Large Intestine leads to passage of sticky, foul-smelling feces. Food retention in the Large Intestine causes chills and fever, sometimes resembling malaria. Distension of the Large Intestine presents with borborygmus and pain; cold causes diarrhea and undigested food. Rebellious Qi lodging in the Large Intestine causes dreams of open fields.

The Hand-Yangming Large Intestine Meridian originates at the radial tip of the index finger, runs along the radial aspect of the finger, emerges between the first and second metacarpal bones (Hegu area), enters between the two tendons, runs up the radial aspect of the forearm, emerges at the lateral aspect of the elbow, follows the anterior lateral aspect of the upper arm, ascends to the shoulder, emerges anterior to the acromion, ascends to meet at Dazhui (GV14), descends into the Supraclavicular Fossa (Quepen), connects with the Lung, passes through the Diaphragm, and belongs to the Large Intestine. Its branch arises from the Supraclavicular Fossa, goes straight up, passes through the neck, penetrates the cheek, enters the lower gum, returns to encircle the lips, crosses at Renzhong (GV26), left crossing right and right crossing left, and ascends to flank the nostrils. When this meridian is disturbed, it causes toothache and facial swelling. It governs diseases generated by fluids: yellow eyes, dry mouth, nasal congestion or epistaxis, throat obstruction, pain in the anterior shoulder, and pain/immobility of the index finger. Excess Qi causes heat and swelling along the meridian pathway; deficiency causes chills and failure to recover. In excess, the Renying (Carotid) pulse is three times larger than the Cunkou (Radial) pulse; in deficiency, the Renying pulse is smaller than the Cunkou pulse.

Kidney Qi deficiency leads to cold extremities (Jue Ni); excess leads to abdominal distension and blackish color on the four limbs. Kidney Qi deficiency causes dreams of capsizing boats or drowning people; if occurring in its corresponding season, one dreams of submerging in water with fear; Kidney Qi excess causes dreams of waist and spine separating. Rebellious Qi lodging in the Kidney causes dreams of approaching abysses or sinking in water. Disease in the Kidney improves at midnight, worsens during the Earth phases of the day (Chen, Xu, Chou, Wei hours), and is quiet in the late afternoon. If disease starts in the Kidney, it presents with lower abdominal and lumbar-sacral pain, and calf soreness. After three days, it transmits to the Bladder, causing back tendon pain and urinary retention. After two days, it transmits to the Heart, causing heart pain. After three days, it transmits to the Small Intestine, causing distension; if not cured after four days, death ensues. Winter overeating or summer evening onset are relevant factors. A Kidney pulse that is firm and long, with yellow-red complexion, indicates "broken waist" pain. A soft and scattered Kidney pulse indicates blood deficiency. A deep, large, and firm Kidney pulse, or a floating, large, and tight Kidney pulse, indicates suffering from swollen/cold extremities, impotent genitalia, lumbar-sacral pain, and lower abdominal swelling. Fluid retention in the Heart region causes alternating distension/obstruction and diarrhea. This results from bathing in cold water and engaging in intercourse before drying, or from fatigue. A black pulse arriving firm and large at the top indicates Qi accumulation in the lower abdomen and genitals, named Kidney Bi. This results from bathing in clear water and lying down. Heavy lifting, excessive intercourse, or sweating profusely like bathing damages the Kidney. Kidney distension presents with abdominal fullness radiating to the back, heaviness, and lumbar-hip pain. Kidney Water disease presents with abdominal enlargement, umbilical swelling, heavy painful waist, inability to urinate, dampness on the genitals like ox-nose sweat, cold feet, and hard stool. Kidney Zhuo disease presents with coldness below the waist and heaviness in the waist as if carrying 5,000 coins. Patients feel heavy, waist feels cold like ice, but without thirst, normal urination, and normal appetite. This is a Lower Jiao disease caused by prolonged exposure to cold dampness from sweaty clothes. Kidney accumulation is named Ben Tun (Running Piglet), starting in the lower abdomen, rising to the epigastrium, moving up and down unpredictably. Chronic cases cause panting, bone萎 (Wei), and shortness of breath. It is acquired on Bing/Ding days in summer because Spleen disease transmits to Kidney, which should transmit to Heart, but Heart is prosperous in summer and rejects pathogen, so Kidney tries to return to Spleen, which refuses, leading to accumulation. Thus, Ben Tun is acquired in summer. Water flows faster at night because Earth element is resting, causing sound; similarly, when humans sleep, Spleen Qi is still, making the pulse rapid. Kidney disease presents with black complexion, weak Qi, shallow breathing, deafness, lumbar pain, frequent seminal emission, reduced appetite, cold knees/lower legs, and deep, slippery, slow pulse; this is treatable. Suitable formulas include Neibu San, Jianzhong Tang, Shenqi Wan, and Dihuang Jian. Spring: tonify Yongquan (KI1); Autumn: tonify Fuliu (KI7 - *Note: Text says Fuliu/Vuliu, likely typo for Fuliu*); Winter: tonify Yinggu (KI10); Summer: drain RanGu (KI2); Late Summer: drain Taixi (KI3). Also moxa Jingmen (GB25) 50 cones, and 100 cones on the 14th Thoracic Vertebra. Kidney disease patients have big belly, swollen/painful calves, panting/cough, body heaviness, nocturnal sweating, and aversion to wind. Deficiency causes chest pain, lower abdominal pain, cold extremities, and depression. Treat using Blood points of Foot-Shaoyin and Foot-Taiyang meridians. Pathogen in Kidney causes bone pain and Yin Bi (numbness/pain in yin regions). Yin Bi features unlocatable pain upon pressure, abdominal distension, lumbar pain, difficult defecation, stiff neck/shoulder/back, and dizziness. Treat Yongquan (KI1) and Kunlun (BL60); bleed any visible collaterals.

The Foot-Shaoyin Kidney Meridian originates below the little toe,斜趣 (slants towards) the sole, emerges below RanGu (KI2), follows behind the medial malleolus, enters the heel, ascends inside the calf, emerges at the medial aspect of the popliteal fossa, ascends along the posterior medial thigh, penetrates the spine, belongs to the Kidney, and connects with the Bladder. Its straight branch rises from the Kidney, penetrates the Liver and Diaphragm, enters the Lung, follows the throat, and flanks the root of the tongue. Its branch emerges from the Lung, connects with the Heart, and pours into the Chest. Disturbance causes hunger without desire to eat, black face like charcoal, hemoptysis, wheezing, restlessness (wanting to sit then stand), blurred vision, empty hungry feeling, fearfulness due to Qi deficiency, and palpitations as if being hunted; this is called Bone Jue (or Wei). It governs Kidney-generated diseases: oral heat, dry tongue, swollen/throat pain, rebellious Qi, dry/painful pharynx, vexation, heart pain, jaundice, diarrhea, posterior medial lumbar-thigh pain, Wei-Jue, lethargy, and hot/painful soles. Moxibustion may cause harm if forced eating; wear loose clothes, let hair down, walk with a heavy staff and thick shoes. Excess: Cunkou pulse is twice Renying; Deficiency: Cunkou pulse is smaller than Renying. The collateral of Foot-Shaoyin is named Dazhong (KI4). It winds around the heel behind the malleolus, diverges to Foot-Taiyang. Another branch travels with the main channel to Pericardium and down through lumbar-sacrum. Symptoms: rebellious Qi causes irritability; excess causes urinary retention; deficiency causes lumbar pain. Treat the divergence point. Kidney disease presenting with cold extremities, red face, yellow eyes, incontinence, joint pain, lower abdominal binding pain, Qi rushing to Heart, with floating-large pulse (instead of deep-slippery-slow) and yellow color (instead of black) indicates Earth overcoming Water, a major reversal, fatal.