小序 经络藏象,稍关诊法者,靡不疏解于前矣。又恐初学记诵为难,乃悉摹其形于右,使一览
无遗,亦古人左图右史之意也。若脏腑之轻重,悉准之经文。至人之大小不齐,未可执一而论,要不
过示其大略耳。折衷前贤之说以释焉,间附臆见,惟识者鉴之。
(附十二经脏腑图。)
\r十二经脏腑图\p01-e31a53.bmp\r
太阳小肠足膀胱,阳明大肠足胃当;少阳三焦足胆配,太阴手肺足脾乡;少阴心经足为肾,
厥阴包络足肝方。
此歌上者为手。
\r十二经脏腑表里图\p01-e31a54.bmp\r
(此歌诸腑配阳,诸脏配阴。)
甲胆乙肝丙小肠,丁心戊胃己脾乡,庚属大肠辛属肺,壬属膀胱癸肾脏。三焦阳府须归丙。
包络从阴丁火旁。
旧云∶“三焦亦向壬中寄,包络同归入癸方。”虽三焦为决渎,犹可言壬;而包络附心主,安得云癸?且二
脏表里皆相火也。今改正之。
多气多血惟阳明,少气太阳同厥阴,二少太阴常少血,六经气血须分明。
人身正脉,十有二经。每于平旦寅时,营气始于中焦,上注手太阴肺经,自胸中而出于中府,
至于少商。以次行于手阳明大肠等十二经,终于足厥阴肝经,而复始于太阴之肺也。凡手
之三阴,从脏走手;手之三阳,从手走头;足之三阳,从头走足;足之三阴,从足走腹。周流不息,
如环无端。前三图者,诵后十二经营行次序逆顺歌,则其首尾一贯,按图可悉矣。
Preface: The meridians and the zang-fu organ manifestations, all of which slightly relate to diagnostic methods, have been thoroughly explained previously. Fearing that beginners would find it difficult to memorize and recite, I have completely depicted their forms on the right side [of the page], so that they may be seen at a glance. This also follows the ancient intention of "illustrations on the left and texts on the right." As for the weight and size of the zang-fu organs, they are entirely based on the canonical texts. Since human bodies vary in size, one cannot adhere to a single standard for discussion; this merely shows the general outline. I have reconciled the views of former sages to explain them, occasionally attaching my own opinions, which I leave to those with insight to judge.
(Attached: Diagram of the Twelve Meridians and Zang-Fu Organs.)
The Taiyang involves the Small Intestine and the Foot Bladder; the Yangming involves the Large Intestine and the Foot Stomach; the Shaoyang involves the Sanjiao (Triple Burner) and the Foot Gallbladder; the Taiyin involves the Hand Lung and the Foot Spleen; the Shaoyin involves the Heart Meridian and the Foot Kidney; the Jueyin involves the Pericardium and the Foot Liver.
This verse refers to the Hand meridians as being superior.
(This verse pairs the Fu organs with Yang and the Zang organs with Yin.)
Jia corresponds to the Gallbladder, Yi to the Liver, Bing to the Small Intestine; Ding to the Heart, Wu to the Stomach, Ji to the Spleen; Geng belongs to the Large Intestine, Xin to the Lung; Ren belongs to the Bladder, Gui to the Kidney. The Sanjiao, as a Yang Fu organ, must belong to Bing. The Pericardium follows Yin Ding Fire.
Old sayings stated: "The Sanjiao also resides within Ren, and the Pericardium returns to Gui." Although the Sanjiao is the official of dredging and can be said to reside in Ren, how can the Pericardium, which attaches to the Master of the Heart, be said to belong to Gui? Moreover, both these pairs' interior-exterior relationship involves Ministerial Fire. I have corrected this now.
Only the Yangming has abundant Qi and Blood; the Shaoyang and Jueyin have little Qi; the two Shaoyins and the two Taiyins often have little Blood. The Qi and Blood of the Six Meridians must be clearly distinguished.
The normal meridians of the human body consist of twelve. Every morning during the Yin hour, Ying Qi (Nutritive Qi) begins in the Middle Jiao, flows upward into the Hand Taiyin Lung Meridian, emerges from the chest at Zhongfu (LU-1), and reaches Shaoshang (LU-11). It then proceeds sequentially through the Hand Yangming Large Intestine Meridian and the other ten meridians, finally reaching the Foot Jueyin Liver Meridian, and then restarts from the Taiyin Lung Meridian. All three Hand Yin meridians travel from the Zang organs to the hands; all three Hand Yang meridians travel from the hands to the head; all three Foot Yang meridians travel from the head to the feet; all three Foot Yin meridians travel from the feet to the abdomen. They circulate endlessly, like a ring without beginning or end. Regarding the first three diagrams, by reciting the subsequent verse on the sequence and direction of Qi and Blood flow in the Twelve Meridians, one can see the continuity from start to finish and fully understand them by consulting the charts.