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Nature and flavor are sweet and cold; it enters the Heart and Lung meridians to drain heat and resolve toxicity, serving as a specific medicine for sore throat and throat obstruction (Hou Bi).

Nature and flavor are sweet and cool; it enters the Lung and Large Intestine meridians to clear Metal (Lung) and treat dysentery, resolving toxicity and relieving restlessness. Leaves: Also clear the Lungs, but slightly inferior to the purified flowers. Vines: Named Rendong (Lonicerae Japonicae Flos), an excellent medicine for activating collaterals, suitable for Bi syndrome complicated with heat.

Flavor is bitter and astringent, nature is cold; it resolves damp-heat toxic vapors, serving as a specific external treatment medicine for dermatology and surgery. Fruit: Named Yingshi, nature and flavor are slightly warm, main indications are roughly the same.

Nature and flavor are sweet, bland, and neutral; it promotes diuresis to drain damp-heat, resolves toxicity, and treats sores, serving as a specific medicine for dermatology and surgery. Commonly known as Lengfantuan, there are red and white varieties; the white variety...

Nature and flavor are sweet, bitter, and neutral; it enters the Foot-Yangming Stomach and Foot-Jueyin Liver meridians, resolving wind-cold-damp Bi syndrome, serving as a specific medicine to eliminate turbidity and clarify purity. There are yellow and white varieties; the white variety...

Nature is greatly bitter, pungent, and cold; it enters the Foot-Taiyin Spleen meridian and circulates through the twelve meridians, draining damp-heat from the blood level of the Lower Jiao. *Shi Ji* states: "Tong can remove stagnation," referring to Tongcao and Fangji. However, Tongcao is sweet and bland, draining damp-heat from the Qi level; Fangji is bitter and cold, draining damp-heat from the Blood level. One category has two types: use Hanfangji for treating dampness, and Mufangji for treating wind; they are specific medicines for rheumatism and Hongjiaojiao (Gout/Lower limb swelling). Dry Hongjiaojiao belonging to Yin deficiency without dampness is contraindicated.

Nature and flavor are sweet, bland, pungent, and cold; it enters the Heart and Small Intestine meridians. It descends fire and promotes urination, serving as a specific medicine for hot strangury (Re Lin) and painful urination. Pregnant women should not use it.

Flavor is bland, nature is neutral; it enters the Lung and Stomach meridians to unblock strangury and promote urination, and to induce lactation and facilitate childbirth. Contraindicated in cases of Lung dryness without dampness.

It is the vine of Qingmuxiang. Nature and flavor are bitter and warm; its power can soothe Qi and invigorate Blood, serving as a specific medicine for relieving pain in hernia (Shan Qi).

Nature and flavor are pungent, sweet, and neutral; it enters the Yangming meridian and concurrently enters the Spleen meridian, capable of encouraging Stomach Qi, releasing the muscle layer and inducing sweating, dissipating heat, and quenching thirst. It is a specific medicine for ascending clear Yang and preventing sinking. For releasing the muscle layer, use raw; for ascending clear Yang, use stir-baked. It can also resolve alcohol intoxication, with Gehua being particularly effective. Fresh Gegen: Greatly cold, crushed juice can resolve Warm Disease toxins. Gegen ascends the clear Yang of Yangming, while Chaihu ascends the clear Yang of Shaoyang; this is their difference.

Also named Xuejianchou. Nature and flavor are sour, salty, and neutral; it enters the Jueyin meridian to move Blood and stop bleeding. Do not use if there is no blood stasis.

It is Lingxiaohua. Nature and flavor are sweet, sour, and cold; it enters the Blood level of the Jueyin meridian, breaking blood stasis and descending fire, serving as a specific medicine for gynecology. Do not use if there is no blood stasis; pregnant women especially should avoid it.