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(Contraction and Spasm)
"Jing" (Spasm) refers to the body arching backward like a bow. "Che" (Traction/Convulsion) refers to the twitching and pulling of the hands and feet. "Juji" (Contraction) refers to the head bending forward and feet curling up, with elbows and knees drawing close together. In cases of Shanghan (Cold Damage) or Zhongfeng (Wind Strike), whenever such symptoms occur, treatment should be divided into three aspects. Patients with a history of blood loss presenting these symptoms should also be treated according to these three aspects, though the herbal prescriptions will differ slightly. They are listed as follows:

Body arching backward like a bow is a disease of the Taiyang Meridian (Taiyang Channel). For those without sweating, Gegen Tang (Kudzu Decoction) is used; for those with sweating, Guizhi Jia Gegen Tang (Cinnamon Twig plus Kudzu Decoction) is used. When patients with a history of blood loss suffer from this condition, it is mostly due to blood dryness generating internal wind, causing the sinews to be scorched and contract. Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba) and Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus) are contraindicated, and the aforementioned formulas are not suitable. Instead, Siwu Tang (Four Substances Decoction) should be used, added with Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Jingjie (Schizonepetae Spica), Duhuo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix), Lingyangjiao (Saigae Tataricae Cornu), Sangjisheng (Taxilli Caulis), Xuduan (Dipsaci Radix), and Xingren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum) for treatment.

Twitching and pulling of the hands and feet, with the mouth and eyes deviated to one side, is a disease of the Shaoyang Meridian (Shaoyang Channel). For Shanghan or Zhongfeng, Da Qin Jiao Tang (Great Saposhnikovia Decoction) is used. Although this formula contains many wind-dispelling herbs, it also includes nourishing ingredients. Patients with a history of blood loss suffering from this can also borrow this formula. By adding Ejiao (Asini Corii Colla), Lingyangjiao (Saigae Tataricae Cornu), Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), and Tianhuafen (Trichosanthis Radix) to soften and extinguish wind, it becomes even more suitable for blood-deficient patients. The previously mentioned contraction belongs to the Yangming Meridian (Yangming Channel). For Shanghan or Zhongfeng patients with this, Sanyichengqi Tang (Three-One Purging Decoction) is used. For patients with a history of blood loss, this condition arises from severe deficiency of Yangming fluids, causing the sinews to shrink. The treatment method should focus on greatly generating fluids, using Yunu Jian (Jade Woman Decoction), added with Tianhuafen (Trichosanthis Radix), Yuzhu (Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma), Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix), Zhuru (Bambusae Caulis in Taeniam), Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Maimendong (Ophiopogonis Radix), Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), and Zhiqiao (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus) for treatment.

It is also said: The Liver governs the sinews; Liver disease leads to fright and convulsions of the sinews. For now, there is no need to distinguish them in detail; the general principle is to treat the Liver. Use Siwu Tang (Four Substances Decoction), added with Lingyangjiao (Saigae Tataricae Cornu), Suanzaoren (Ziziphi Spinosae Semen), Mugua (Chaenomelis Fructus), Jingjie (Schizonepetae Spica), and Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) for treatment. This is the treatment method for spasms in patients with a history of blood loss, not a universal method for all types of spasms. Readers must understand this.

Shu (Summerheat) refers to the combination of dampness and heat. When heat steams, dampness moves; when dampness stagnates, heat is obstructed. The transformation of dampness and heat constitutes Summerheat Qi. This corresponds to what the monthly ordinances describe as "moist summer heat." When heat is severe, there is mental restlessness, thirst, rapid pulse, and red urine. When dampness is severe, there is diarrhea, dysentery, swelling, fullness, panting, urgency, and oppression. The clinical manifestations vary, but they all stem from the two pathogens of heat and dampness. Patients with a history of blood loss, who have Yin deficiency, are particularly susceptible to damp-heat pathogens. It is appropriate to use Da Qingliang Yin (Great Clearing and Cooling Drink) generally. If dampness is severe, add Fangji (Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix). Although this cannot cover all treatments for Summerheat, extending from this formula allows for flexible adaptation.

There is also "Yin Shu" (Yin Summerheat), which is actually not Summerheat, but a cold syndrome caused by latent Yin-cold moving internally during summer. One should not follow the name and lose sight of the reality. Yi (Epidemic) refers to the abnormal, malignant, foul-smelling Qi of the four seasons that contacts humans and causes disease. This pathogenic Qi is contagious, hence the name "Epidemic." It does not occur in winter but is common in summer and autumn. This Qi enters the human body through the mouth and nose, lying dormant within the Zang-Fu organs. Upon onset, it presents with high fever, headache, transforming into malaria or triggering dysentery, mania, swelling, and urgency, with varied forms. Although there are exterior signs, surface-releasing methods should not be used. Only by resolving the interior pathology will the exterior Qi harmonize naturally. Use Qingwen Baidu Yin (Clear Warmth and Resolve Toxin Drink), added with Jiuhuang (Prepared Rhubarb), for treatment. Patients with a history of blood loss have Yin deficiency, making them prone to epidemic pathogens, so it is discussed here as well. There are other specialized books on epidemics with detailed explanations; readers should consult them carefully. Here, only the general outline is presented.