味辛。性平。无毒。得土之辛味。兼感天之阳气以生。升也。阳也。一名定风草。苗
名赤箭根。即天麻。
【主治】主诸风湿痹。四肢拘挛。小儿风痫惊气。利腰膝。强筋力。（开宝）治冷气
痹。瘫
【归经】入肝经。为祛风之品。（肝经气分药）
【前论】东垣曰。肝虚不足者。天麻、川芎以补之。罗天益曰。眼黑头旋。风虚内作。
非天麻不能治。天麻为定风草。故为治风之神药。久服则遍身发红丹。是驱风之验也。寇宗
曰。天麻须别药相佐使。然后见其功。仍须加而用之。图经曰。天麻用根。有由内达外之
理。赤箭用苗。有自表入里之功。
【禁忌】经疏曰。风药多燥。风能胜湿故也。凡病患觉津液少。口干舌燥咽干痛。大便
涩。
【炮制】备要曰。凡用。以明亮坚实者佳。湿纸包煨熟。切片。酒浸一宿焙。
味苦辛。性平。无毒。感秋金之气而生。降多于升。阴中微阳也。菖蒲为使。畏牛乳。
【主治】主寒热邪气。寒湿风痹肢节痛。下水利小便。（本经）疗风无问久新。通身挛
急。
（别录）传尸骨蒸。治疳疾。及时气。（大明）疗酒疸黄胆。解酒毒。去头风。（甄权）除阳
明风湿。及手足不遂。口噤。牙痛。口疮。肠风泻血。能养血荣筋。（元素）治胃热。虚劳
发热。（时珍）
【归经】入胃大肠二经。兼入肝胆二经。为泄散疏利之品。（胃大肠去风湿药）
【前论】李时珍曰。此手足阳明药。兼入肝胆。故手足不遂黄胆烦渴之病须之。取其去
阳明湿热也。阳明有湿。则身体酸疼烦热。阳明有热。则日晡潮热骨蒸。三痹必用之药。
鳌按、感受风寒发热。遍身疼痛。必以秦艽治之。以其能散结除邪也。并能养胎。
【禁忌】经疏曰。下部虚寒人。及小便不禁者。均忌。
【炮制】雷公曰。凡使。以布拭去黄白毛。乃用还元汤浸一宿。晒干用。时珍曰。形作
罗纹
[Tianma (Gastrodiae Rhizoma)]
Taste: Pungent. Nature: Neutral. Toxicity: Non-toxic. It acquires the pungent flavor of Earth and is generated by absorbing the Yang Qi of Heaven. Its movement is ascending. It belongs to Yang. Another name is Dingfeng Cao (Wind-Calming Grass). The sprout is named Chijian Gen, which refers to Tianma.
Indications: Primarily treats various types of Feng-Shi Bi syndrome (painful obstruction caused by wind-dampness), spasticity and contracture of the four limbs, pediatric wind-epilepsy and fright qi (pediatric epilepsy and convulsions caused by wind pathogen), benefits the waist and knees, and strengthens sinews and strength. (Kaibao Bencao) Treats cold qi Bi syndrome (obstruction caused by cold pathogen).
Meridian Tropism: Enters the Liver Meridian. It is a product that dispels wind. (Medicine for the Qi level of the Liver Meridian)
Preceding Discussions: Dongyuan stated: For those with Liver deficiency and insufficiency, Tianma and Chuanxiong are used to tonify it. Luotianyiyi stated: When eyes go black and the head spins due to internal wind-deficiency, only Tianma can treat it. Since Tianma is called Wind-Calming Grass, it is a divine medicine for treating wind. Long-term use causes red rashes all over the body, which is evidence of its wind-dispelling efficacy. Kou Zongshi stated: Tianma must be assisted and guided by other medicines to show its efficacy, and it should still be added and used appropriately. Tujing stated: Using the root of Tianma has the principle of reaching from the interior to the exterior. Using the sprout of Chijian has the merit of entering from the exterior to the interior.
Contraindications: Mi Xiyong in *Bencao Jingshu* stated: Wind-dispelling medicines are mostly drying because wind can overcome dampness. Patients who feel a lack of body fluids, dry mouth and tongue, dry and painful throat, and constipation should avoid them.
Processing: Li Zhongzi in *Bencao Tongxuan Beiyao* stated: Generally, choose those that are bright and solid. Wrap in wet paper and roast until cooked. Slice. Soak in wine overnight and dry.
[Qinjiao (Gentianae Macrophytae Radix)]
Taste: Bitter, Pungent. Nature: Neutral. Toxicity: Non-toxic. It is generated by sensing the Qi of Autumn Metal. Descending action predominates over ascending. It is Yin with slight Yang. Acorus tatarinowii is used as an envoy. It fears cow's milk.
Indications: Primarily treats cold-hot pathogens, Bi syndrome caused by cold-damp-wind with pain in joints, diarrhea, and promotes urination. (Shennong Benjing) Treats wind regardless of whether it is new or chronic. Generalized muscle spasms and contractures. (Mingyi Bielu) Treats "Chuan Shi" bone-steaming fever (chronic consumptive diseases like tuberculosis with low-grade fever and night sweats), Gan disease (pediatric malnutrition), and seasonal epidemics. (Tang Bencao) Treats alcohol-induced jaundice, resolves alcohol toxicity, and removes head wind. (Zhen Quan) Removes damp-wind of the Yangming meridian, hemiplegia, lockjaw, toothache, mouth sores, intestinal wind with bloody stool, and can nourish blood and benefit sinews. (Zhang Yuansu) Treats stomach heat and deficiency-labor fever. (Li Shizhen)
Meridian Tropism: Enters the Stomach and Large Intestine meridians, and also enters the Liver and Gallbladder meridians. It is a product that drains, disperses, and unblocks. (Medicine for removing damp-wind from the Stomach and Large Intestine)
Preceding Discussions: Li Shizhen stated: This medicine enters the Hand and Foot Yangming meridians and also the Liver and Gallbladder meridients. Therefore, it is necessary for conditions such as hemiplegia, jaundice, irritability, and thirst, to remove damp-heat from the Yangming. If Yangming has dampness, the body feels sore, painful, and irritable/hot. If Yangming has heat, there is tidal fever at sunset and bone-steaming sensation. It is a must-use medicine for the three types of Bi syndrome. Ao's commentary: When contracting wind-cold with fever and generalized body pain, Qinjiao must be used to treat it because it can dissipate nodules and eliminate pathogens. It can also nourish the fetus.
Contraindications: Mi Xiyong in *Bencao Jingshu* stated: Those with deficiency-cold in the lower part of the body and those with urinary incontinence should avoid it.
Processing: Lei Xiao in *Leigong Paozhi Lun* stated: Generally, wipe off the yellow-white hairs with cloth. Then soak in Huanyuan Tang overnight, dry in the sun, and use. Li Shizhen stated: The shape resembles rooster combs (or ridges).