味辛。性温。无毒。煎汤不可过熟。熟则力减。
【主治】主胸膈冷。上气。面目黄赤。（别录）暴风毒肿。流四肢疼痛。（宏景）治喘咳
反胃。
【归经】入肺经。为利气豁痰。发汗散寒。除肿止痛之品。（通行经络 能搜剔内外痰
结
及胸
【前论】丹溪曰。痰在皮里膜外及胁下。非此不能达。古方控涎丹用之。正此义。
【禁忌】经疏曰。肺经有热。及阴虚火炎生痰者。均忌。
生者味辛甘。熟者味甘。性皆温平。皆无毒。禀土金之气以生。能升能降。阳也。
【主治】主大下气。消谷。去痰癖。捣汁止消渴。（本经）制面毒。（萧炳）治肺痿吐血。
同羊肉纸鱼煮食。治劳瘦咳嗽。（日华）生捣服。治噤口痢疾。（汪颖）主吞酸。化积滞。解
酒毒。
【归经】入脾胃肺大肠四经。为消食化痰之品。（生食升气熟食降气辛宜肺甘宜脾）
【前论】孟诜曰。多食莱菔动气。惟生姜能制其毒。 庵曰。夏日食莱菔菜。秋不患痢。
冬
味辛甘。性平。无毒。可升可降。阳也。
【主治】生能升。熟能降。升则吐风痰。宽胸膈。发疮疹。熟则定痰喘咳嗽。调下痢后
重。
【归经】入肺脾二经。为行气消痰之品。
【前论】丹溪曰。莱菔子治痰。有推墙倒壁之功。
【禁忌】经疏曰。莱菔下气耗血。服地黄、首乌者。不可食。其子。虚弱人大忌。
[White Mustard Seed (Baijiezi)]
Taste: Pungent. Nature: Warm. Non-toxic. When decocting into a soup, do not cook it excessively; overcooking reduces its efficacy.
[Indications] Primarily treats cold in the chest and diaphragm, rebellious Qi, yellowish-red complexion of the face and eyes. (From *Bie Lu*) Treats toxic swelling caused by sudden wind, and pain flowing through the four limbs. (From Hongjing) Treats wheezing and cough, and regurgitation.
[Meridian Tropism] Enters the Lung Meridian. It is an agent that promotes Qi circulation, resolves phlegm, induces sweating to dispel cold, and eliminates swelling and pain. (It circulates through the meridians and can search out and eliminate phlegm accumulation inside and outside, as well as in the chest...)
[Preliminary Discussion] Zhu Danxi stated: "Phlegm located between the skin and fascia, or under the hypochondrium, cannot be reached without this herb." It is used in the ancient formula *Kongxian Dan* precisely for this purpose.
[Contraindications] According to *Bencao Jing Shu*: Contraindicated in cases of heat in the Lung Meridian, and in cases where Yin deficiency with flaming fire generates phlegm.
[Radish (Laifu)]
Raw taste: Pungent and sweet. Cooked taste: Sweet. Nature: Both are warm and neutral. It is born from the Qi of Earth and Metal. It can ascend and descend, belonging to Yang.
[Indications] Primarily greatly descends Qi, aids digestion, removes phlegm masses, and fresh juice stops thirst. (From *Shennong Bencao Jing*) Counteracts toxicity from wheat products. (From Xiao Bing) Treats lung abscess with hemoptysis. Boiled with mutton and dried fish, it treats consumption with emaciation and cough. (From *Ri Hua Zi Bencao*) Taken raw and crushed, it treats dysentery with inability to eat. (From Wang Ying) Primarily treats acid regurgitation, transforms stagnation, and detoxifies alcohol.
[Meridian Tropism] Enters the Spleen, Stomach, Lung, and Large Intestine meridians. It is an agent for digesting food and resolving phlegm. (Raw food ascends Qi, cooked food descends Qi; pungent flavor benefits the Lung, sweet flavor benefits the Spleen.)
[Preliminary Discussion] Meng Shen stated: "Excessive consumption of Radish moves Qi; only Ginger can counteract its toxicity." An stated: "Consuming Radish vegetables in summer prevents dysentery in autumn. In winter..."
[Radish Seed (Laifuzi)]
Taste: Pungent and sweet. Nature: Neutral. Non-toxic. Can ascend and descend, belonging to Yang.
[Indications] Raw use ascends, cooked use descends. Ascending action induces vomiting of wind-phlegm, expands the chest and diaphragm, and promotes eruption of sores/rashes. Descending action stabilizes phlegm-wheezing and cough, and regulates tenesmus after dysentery.
[Meridian Tropism] Enters the Lung and Spleen meridians. It is an agent for moving Qi and resolving phlegm.
[Preliminary Discussion] Zhu Danxi stated: "Radish seed has the merit of pushing down walls and overturning battlements in treating phlegm."
[Contraindications] According to *Bencao Jing Shu*: Radish descends Qi and consumes Blood; those taking Rehmannia (*Dihuang*) and Polygonum multiflorum (*Shouwu*) should not consume it. Radish seed is strictly contraindicated for persons with deficiency.