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Chao Yuanfang stated: Sudden death in infants and children occurs when they are in a state of "Three Deficiencies" (San Xu) and encounter thief-wind (Zei Feng, pathogenic wind from abnormal directions). Thus, they may die suddenly even without apparent disease. The "Three Deficiencies" are: first, encountering a year of declining annual fortune (Nian Shuai); second, meeting the time of the waning moon (Yue Kong); third, failing to harmonize with the seasonal climate (Shi He). If one suffers these three deficiencies and is further injured by thief-wind, Yin Qi becomes excessively depleted internally, while Yang Qi is blocked externally. This leads to Qi stagnation and closure, obstruction of Yin and Yang communication, resulting in sudden cessation of breath and death. If the Zang-Fu organs have not completely exhausted their essence, revival may occur after a long period. There are also cases involving the interference of ghostly or evil spirits; life can only be restored once the pathogenic factors recede. In cases of Ke Wu (sudden shock or invasion by alien qi) and Zhong E (sudden poisoning by malignant qi) leading to sudden death, if the pathogenic Qi is not fully eliminated and remains stagnant in the heart and abdomen, it may trigger later onset, often transforming into Zhu Disease (Zhu Bing, a chronic, contagious wasting disease).

[Mao Xiansheng] described the signs of sudden death: eyes closed, teeth clenched, body flaccid like cotton, face dark blue/black, and cold mouth and nose. This condition arises because the infant was born with generalized heat, or due to fright. Physicians solely focused on reducing fever without resolving the accumulation of fright or milk retention. Consequently, these accumulations were trapped by pathogenic Qi. For these three types of presentations, the treatment principle is generally the same: identify the root cause of the initial illness and treat accordingly. Urgently administer Duoming San (Snatch Life Powder) to purge; after vomiting out wind-phlegm and regaining consciousness, administer two doses of Yunqi San (Harmonizing Qi Powder) to tonify and clear residual pathogens. Subsequently, administer Zhusha Gao (Cinnabar Paste) and Zhenxin Wan (Heart-Calming Pill). If latent heat emerges, use Dafu San (Great Fu Powder) for regulation; peace and health will return within two to three days. These three forms are managed similarly. However, if symptoms such as crow-like crying, unilateral convulsions, sweat beading like pearls, insomnia, eyelid swelling with tearing appear, these are signs of impending death and are incurable.

*Jingui Yaolue* (Essential Prescriptions from the Golden Cabinet) formula for treating sudden death in infants accompanied by vomiting and diarrhea, where the disease nature is unknown:
Take a ball of horse dung, squeeze out the juice, and instill it. If using wet dung, take the juice directly; if dry, boil in water to extract the juice.

*Ge Shi Zhouhou Fang* (Emergency Prescriptions Ke in the Sleeve by Ge Hong) for rescuing sudden death with high fever:
Take half a jin (approx. 500g) of Alum (Fan Shi), boil in one and a half sheng (approx. 300ml) of water until dissolved, and soak the feet, submerging the ankles.

Another formula for rescuing sudden death with closed eyes:
Crush Qiniu Linmian (a herb) facing the patient's face, extract the juice, and instill into the ears.

Another formula for rescuing sudden death with flaccid limbs and incontinence:
Take one sheng (approx. 200ml) of Niu Dong (cow dung slurry), mix with warm wine, and pour into the mouth. "Dong" refers to loose stool.

*Qianjin Fang* (Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold) states that sudden death with no pulse and no other symptoms is due to the exhaustion of both Yin and Yang Qi.
Place Qianniu (Pharbitis Seed) above the nose for the duration of two hundred breaths; having an animal lick the area will ensure recovery. If the animal refuses to lick, apply salt water to the face, which will encourage it to lick.

Another formula: Apply hot moxibustion or warming iron to both hypochondriac regions. (*Beiji Fang* notes: also treats Shi Jue/Corpse Trance).

Formula for treating death from nightmare (Yan Si) without self-awareness:
Keep lights low and prevent people from moving the patient. Place Qianniu above the patient to induce awakening. If sudden aphasia occurs, take chicken head powder from the east gate, grind it, and administer with wine.

Formula for treating sudden death from nightmare:
Crush fresh Chinese chive juice and instill into the nostrils; for severe cases, instill into both ears. (Zhang Zhongjing stated: instill into the mouth.)

Formula for treating bewitchment/unconsciousness:
Grind Fulonggan (Caosin, stove-heart earth) into powder and insufflate into the nose.

Another formula: Grind Soap Pod (Zaojia) into powder, take a amount the size of a soybean, and insufflate into the nose. Sneezing will open the Qi mechanism and revive the deceased. (*Jiyan Fang* notes: treats Zhong E).

*Shenghui Fang* (Holy Healing Formulas) formula for treating sudden death in infants:
Take half a qian (approx. 3-5g) of Nuqing powder, mix with cow's milk, and administer orally.

Another formula: Burn pig feces, dissolve in water, extract the juice, and drink.

Another formula: Boil Sophora Root (Kushen) with vinegar, take a small amount of the juice and place in the mouth to restore consciousness; boiling with water is also acceptable. Alternatively, boil rotten coffin wood in wine, extract the juice, and consume a small amount.

Another formula: Prepare extremely salty brine, pry open the mouth with a tool, and pour it in to enter the stomach, which will restore life.

Another formula: Mix hot water with plant ash, apply thickly over the body; revival will occur shortly.

*Yingru Shu* formula for treating infants who die suddenly without known illness:
Place the comb of a rooster above the infant's mouth, cut it to drip blood into the mouth, and the infant will revive.

*Moxibustion Method from Zhouhou Fang*: For sudden death with flaccid limbs and incontinence, moxa-burn points 1 cun below the heart (near Jiutui), 3 cun above the umbilicus, and 4 cun below the umbilicus, 100 moxa cones each. For smaller children, adjust the number according to age.

*Qianjin Fang* for treating sudden death: Acupuncture at Jianshi (PC5), retain needle for over two hundred breaths.

Another method: Moxa-burn Renzhong (GV26), also known as Guike Ting (Ghost Guest Hall). (*Zhouhou Fang* notes: also treats Shi Jue).