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[Xue Ji] When infants suddenly experience convulsions and upward deviation of the eyes, it is due to wind-heat in the Liver channel. If wind arises from Liver deficiency, the eyes will twitch frequently without convulsion, accompanied by frequent yawning and teeth grinding. If there is excess wind in the Liver channel, the eyes remain fixed, with loud crying, yawning, neck stiffness, and a sensation of head heaviness and oppression. If there is heat in the Liver channel, the eyes are fixed but do not convulse; if Heart heat is present, convulsions occur; if Qi-level heat is present, the pathogen manifests externally; if Qi-level warmth/heat is present, the pathogen penetrates internally. The symptoms include grasping at clothing collars and randomly rubbing objects; Xieqing Wan (Drain the Green Pill) is indicated. For high fever, thirst, wheezing, and chest oppression, Xiebai San (Drain the White Powder) is indicated. Any disease, whether new or chronic, can stir up Liver wind. When wind moves internally and ascends into the eyes, the eyes twitch continuously. If heat enters the eyes and pulls on the sinews, causing both eyes to become tight and unable to rotate, the eyes remain fixed. There are also cases where food stagnation in the Middle Jiao prevents the clear Yang from ascending and the turbid Yin from descending, thereby obstructing the ascending nature of Liver Wood and generating empty wind; these must be carefully examined. If chest fullness, abdominal pain, vomiting, and anorexia are present, mild cases are treated with digestion-promoting and phlegm-resolving methods, while severe cases require emesis to expel stagnation. One must further ascertain whether the ingested food was cold or hot in nature. In some cases, cold damage, vomiting, or diarrhea causes the failure of Spleen Earth and the counter-rebellion of Liver Wood, generating empty wind; in such instances, one should not hastily administer anticonvulsant medicines. Instead, Liujunzi Tang (Six Gentlemen Decoction) added with Shaoyao (Peony Root), Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix), and Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix) should be used to subdue the Liver and tonify the Spleen. If the condition arises solely from Spleen Earth deficiency, Wuyi Yigong San (Five Agents I-Gong Powder) is indicated. Whenever food stagnation and excessive phlegm-fluids manifest as convulsive signs, the root cause is actually Spleen Earth weakness failing to generate Lung Metal; when Lung Metal is deficient, it cannot control Liver Wood, leading to wild movement of Liver Wood evil. Tonifying the Spleen and promoting digestion will lead to spontaneous resolution. Indiscriminate use of anticonvulsant drugs may exacerbate the wind and worsen the illness. Moreover, since the Zang-Fu organs are delicate, harsh and potent agents should not be administered; practitioners must exercise caution.

[Xue Ji] Startling movements during sleep in infants are caused by insufficiency of the Heart and Kidney. The Heart governs Blood and Spirit (Shen); the Liver stores Blood and Hun (Ethereal Soul); the Lungs govern Qi and Po (Corporeal Soul); the Kidneys store Essence and govern Fear. Infants have fragile Zang-Fu organs and are susceptible to fright and fear. Fear causes Qi to sink downward; fright leaves the Heart spirit without foundation and the Shen without a dwelling. Furthermore, human Shen Qi circulates through the eyes when awake and resides in the Kidneys when asleep. Since the Heart and Kidney are now deficient, they cannot calm and secure the Spirit, resulting in startling movements during sleep. Treatment should focus on clearing the Heart and calming the Spirit, using Fuling Buxin Tang (Poria Nourishing the Heart Decoction) added with Suanzaoren (Ziziphi Spinosae Semen), Fushen (Poria with Hostwood), and Wuweizi (Schisandrae Fructus). Cases arising from fright involve disturbance of the Liver, causing Hun instability; treatment should focus on settling fright and stabilizing the Hun, using Anshen Zhenjing Wan (Calming the Spirit and Settling Fright Pill). If fright during eating causes food stagnation, Liujunzi Tang (Six Gentlemen Decoction) added with Shenqu (Massa Medicata Fermentata) and Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex) is indicated. If the food has digested but the fright remains unsettled, Fuling Buxin Tang (Poria Nourishing the Heart Decoction) is used. If excessive Wood-Fire disturbs the Heart Spirit, Daochi San (Directing Red Powder) is indicated. If Wind-Heat contend with each other, Chaihu Zhizi San (Bupleurum and Gardenia Powder) is indicated. If food depression generates phlegm, causing restlessness and startling, Sijunzi Tang (Four Gentlemen Decoction) is used to strengthen the Spleen, Shenqu (Massa Medicata Fermentata) and Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma) to resolve phlegm, and Zhizi (Gardeniae Fructus) and Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix) to clear heat.