胎中素挟风热，生下乳哺越常，头皮光急，满头饼疮，脑热如火，发结如穗，
遍身多汗，腮肿囟高是也。
《仙人水鉴》小儿三岁以下，多睡卧合面在地者，便是脑中疳气，宜服此方。
黄葵花 菊花 釜下墨 消石 柏叶（各等分）
上为散，吹入鼻中，永不合面卧地也。吹鼻中有恶物似泥泄数条，即便是脑中疳气，此是杀人之本。
小儿脑疳，乳母宜服此方。
柏叶 松叶 黄葵花 鼓子花 鳖甲 虎骨 槟榔 大黄（各二两）
上并生为末，与醋三升煎膏，丸如绿豆大。每日空心，饮下三丸，效。
《药性论》治小儿脑疳方
上，研芦荟不以多少，为细末。每用少许吹鼻中，杀脑疳鼻中痒。
《圣惠》牛黄丸 治小儿脑疳，身热发枯。
牛黄 芦荟（各细研） 熊胆（研入） 胡黄连 木香 犀角（屑。各一分） 龙脑 麝香（各细研） 蟾
酥（研入。各半分） 青黛（细研，半两）
上件药捣，罗为末，都研令匀，以面糊和丸，如黄米大。每服以温水下五丸，
日三服，量儿大小，以意加减。
龙脑丸 治小儿脑疳，羸瘦烦热。
龙脑 麝香 雄黄（各一钱） 胡黄连（末） 牛黄 朱砂 熊胆 芦荟 干虾蟆（灰。各一分）
上件药都研令如粉，以水化熊胆和丸，如麻子大。若硬，更入糯米饭同丸。每
服用薄荷温汤下三丸，日三服，量儿大小，以意加减。
吹鼻龙脑散 治小儿脑疳，鼻塞头痛，眼目昏暗，羞明怕日。
龙脑 麝香（各细研少许） 蜗牛壳（炒令黄） 虾蟆（灰） 瓜蒂 黄连（去须） 细辛（各一分）
上件药捣，细罗为散，入瓷合内贮之。每取少许，吹于鼻中，每日两上用之。
治小儿合面卧地多睡，或气急面黄，哭声高叫，或心痛口干，盖是因曾吃生肉如此，腹内有虫方。
鹤虱（二分） 茯苓（一两，煨） 木香（一分） 苦楝根（三两） 桧株根（半两）
上先将二味根，用水一斗煎成膏，然后将三味为末，搜和成丸黍粒大。每服三
五丸米饮下。（庄氏第十三候用此方）
第七脑疳，鼻下赤烂，身心烦躁，鼻内生疮，头发自落，日夜痛无休歇，状似鬼形，
安息丸
安息香 丁香 胡黄连 麝香 雄黄（各一钱） 肉豆蔻 金银箔（各五片）
上末，炼蜜丸，如麻子大。每服三丸，米汤下。
龙胆丸 治脑疳脑热疮。
龙胆草 升麻 苦楝根皮（焙） 赤茯苓 防风 芦荟 油发灰（各二钱） 青黛（干） 黄连（净。各三钱）
上为末， 猪胆汁浸糕糊、丸麻子大。薄荷汤下。仍以芦荟末入鼻。
The fetus originally harbored wind-heat within the womb. After birth, excessive breastfeeding and feeding beyond normal limits resulted in a scalp that was smooth and tight, covered with crust-like sores resembling cakes across the entire head. The brain felt hot as if on fire, hair matted into tufts like tassels, profuse sweating over the whole body, swollen cheeks, and a bulging fontanelle. This is known as Brain Gan (Brain Malnutrition/Atrophy).
According to *Xianren Shuijian* (Mirror of the Immortal), children under three years old who frequently sleep lying face down on the ground suffer from Gan Qi (malnourishment qi) in the brain. They are suitable for taking this prescription:
Huang Kui Hua (Abutilon pictum flower), Ju Hua (Chrysanthemum Flower), Fu Xia Mo (Soot from the pot bottom), Xiao Shi (Niter/Potassium Nitrate), Bai Ye (Cacumen Platycladi) (equal parts).
Grind these into a powder and insufflate into the nose. This will prevent them from sleeping face down on the ground forever. If foul matter resembling mud is discharged in several strands upon insufflation, it confirms Brain Gan Qi; this is the root cause of the disease.
For pediatric Brain Gan, the nursing mother is suitable for taking this prescription:
Bai Ye (Cacumen Platycladi), Song Ye (Pinus Needle), Huang Kui Hua (Abutilon pictum flower), Guzhi Hua (Ipomoea nil flower), Bie Jia (Carapax et Plastrum Testudinis), Hu Gu (Os Tigris), Bing Lang (Areca Seed), Da Huang (Radix et Rhizoma Rhei) (each 2 liang).
All ingredients should be used raw, ground into powder, and decocted with 3 sheng of vinegar to form a paste. Form pills the size of mung beans. Take 3 pills on an empty stomach daily with warm water for efficacy.
From *Yao Xing Lun*, a prescription for treating pediatric Brain Gan:
Take Lu Hui (Aloe), any quantity, and grind into a fine powder. Insufflate a small amount into the nose each time to kill the nasal itching caused by Brain Gan.
From *Shenghui Fang*, Niuhuang Wan (Calculus Bovis Pill): Treats pediatric Brain Gan with body heat and dry, withered hair.
Niuhuang (Calculus Bovis), Lu Hui (Aloe) (each finely ground), Xiong Dan (Bile Ursi), Hudahuang (Rhizoma Coptidis), Muxiang (Radix Aucklandiae), Xi Jiao (Cornu Rhinocerotis) (shredded, each 1 fen), Long Nao (Borneolum Syntheticum), Shexiang (Moschus) (each finely ground), Chansu (Venenum Bufonis) (ground, each 0.5 fen), Qingdai (Indicum) (finely ground, 0.5 liang).
Pulverize and sieve all medicines, mix thoroughly, and bind with wheat flour paste to form pills the size of yellow millet grains. Administer 5 pills per dose with warm water, three times daily. Adjust dosage according to the child's age and condition.
Longnao Wan (Borneol Pill): Treats pediatric Brain Gan with emaciation and vexatious heat.
Long Nao (Borneolum Syntheticum), Shexiang (Moschus), Xionghuang (Realgar) (each 1 qian), Hudahuang (Rhizoma Coptidis) (powder), Niuhuang (Calculus Bovis), Zhusha (Cinnabaris), Xiong Dan (Bile Ursi), Lu Hui (Aloe), Gan Xama (Dried Bufo Skin Ash) (each 1 fen).
Grind all ingredients into a powder. Dissolve Xiong Dan (Bile Ursi) in water and use it to bind the pills, forming them the size of sesame seeds. If too hard, add glutinous rice flour during processing. Take 3 pills per dose with mint-infused warm water, three times daily. Adjust dosage according to the child's age and condition.
Choubi Longnao San (Insufflating Borneol Powder): Treats pediatric Brain Gan with nasal congestion, headache, dim vision, photophobia, and fear of sunlight.
Long Nao (Borneolum Syntheticum), Shexiang (Moschus) (each finely ground, small amount), Wo Niuke (Testudo Cochlearia Shell) (stir-fried until yellow), Xama (Bufo Skin Ash), Gudi (Fructus Momordicae), Huanglian (Rhizoma Coptidis) (remove roots), Xixin (Radix Asari) (each 1 fen).
Pulverize and sieve finely into a powder. Store in a porcelain container. Insufflate a small amount into the nose twice daily (morning and evening).
Prescription for infants who sleep face down, are lethargic, have rapid breathing and sallow complexion, cry loudly, or suffer from heart pain and dry mouth due to consuming raw meat and intestinal parasites:
Leshi (Semen Carpesii), Fuling (Poria) (1 liang, baked), Muxiang (Radix Aucklandiae) (1 fen), Kulian Gen (Radix Meliae Toosendan) (3 liang), Huai Zhu Gen (Root of Juniperus chinensis) (0.5 liang).
First, decoct the two root materials in one dou of water until reduced to a paste. Then, grind the remaining three herbs into powder and mix with the paste to form pills the size of millet grains. Take 3–5 pills per dose with rice drink. (Used by Zhu Shi's Thirteenth Observation).
Seventh type of Brain Gan: redness and erosion below the nose, mental restlessness, sores inside the nose, hair loss, ceaseless day-and-night pain, and strange appearances resembling ghosts. Anxi Wan (Benzoin Pill):
Anxi Xiang (Benzoin), Dingxiang (Flos Caryophylli), Hudahuang (Rhizoma Coptidis), Shexiang (Moschus), Xionghuang (Realgar) (each 1 qian), Roudoukou (Arillus Myristicae), Jin Yin Bo (Gold and Silver Leaf) (each 5 pieces).
Grind into powder, bind with refined honey to form pills the size of sesame seeds. Take 3 pills per dose with rice soup.
Longdan Wan (Gentian Pill): Treats Brain Gan with brain heat and sores.
Longdan Cao (Radix Gentianae), Shengma (Rhizoma Cimicifugae), Kulian Genpi (Cortex Radicis Meliae Toosendan) (baked), Chi Fuling (Poria with Red Heart), Fangfeng (Radix Saposhnikoviae), Lu Hui (Aloe), Youfa Hui (Ash of Oily Hair) (each 2 qian), Qingdai (Indicum) (dry), Huanglian (Rhizoma Coptidis) (cleaned) (each 3 qian).
Grind into powder. Soak cake paste in Pig Bile (Bile Suilla) and bind to form pills the size of sesame seeds. Take with mint tea. Additionally, insufflate Lu Hui (Aloe) powder into the nose.