\r大小蓟根\pd180.bmp\r
味甘，温，主养精保血。大蓟主女子赤白沃，安胎，止吐血，衄鼻，令人肥健。
五月采。
陶隐居云∶大蓟是虎蓟，小蓟是猫蓟，叶并多刺相似。田野甚多，方药不复用，是贱之
故。
猫
蓟也。大蓟生山谷，根疗痈肿，小蓟生平泽，俱能破血，小蓟不能消肿也。今按陈藏器本草
云∶小蓟破宿血，止新血，暴下血，血痢，金疮出血，呕血等，绞取汁温服。作煎和糖，合
金疮，及蜘蛛、蛇、蝎毒，服之亦佳。臣禹锡等谨按药性论云∶大蓟亦可单用，味苦，平
。
止崩中血下。生取根捣绞汁，服半升许，多立定。日华子云∶小蓟根，凉，无毒。治热毒风
，并胸膈烦闷，开胃下食，退热，补虚损。苗，去烦热，生研汁服。小蓟力微，只可退热，
不似大蓟能补养下气。又云
大蓟叶，凉。治肠痈，腹脏瘀血，血晕，扑损，可生研，酒并小便任服。恶疮疥癣，盐研
敷。又名刺蓟、山牛蒡。
图经曰∶小蓟根，《本经》不着所出州土，今处处有之。俗名青刺蓟。苗高尺余，叶多
刺，心中出花头，如红蓝花而
青紫色，北人呼为千针草。当二月苗初生二、三寸时，并根作茹，食之甚美。四月采苗，九
月采根，并阴干入药，亦生
捣根绞汁饮。以止吐血，衄血，下血，皆验。大蓟根，苗与此相似，但肥大耳。而功力有殊，
破血之外，亦疗痈肿。小
蓟专主血疾。
陈藏器云∶蓟门以蓟为名，北方者胜也。食疗云小蓟根，主养气。取生根、叶，捣取自
然汁，服一盏立佳。又，取
叶煮食之，除风热。根主崩中。又，女子月候伤过，捣汁半升服之。金
夏月热，烦闷不止，捣叶
取汁半升，服之立瘥。圣惠方∶治心热吐血，口干。用刺蓟叶及根，捣绞取汁。每服一小盏，
顿服。又方∶乳石发动，
壅热心闷，吐血。以
下通。小蓟一把，水二
煮取一升，去滓分服。曾有人阴冷，渐渐冷气入阴囊，肿满恐死，夜疼闷不得眠。煮大蓟根
汁服，立瘥。梅师方∶治卒
吐血及泻鲜血。取小蓟叶捣绞取汁，温服。简要济众治九窍出血。以刺蓟一握绞取汁，以酒
半盏调和，顿服之。如
汁，只捣干者为末，冷水调三钱匕。又方∶治小儿浸淫疮，疼痛不可忍，发寒热。刺蓟末，
新水调敷疮上，干即易之。
衍义曰∶大、小蓟，皆相似，花如髻。但大蓟高三、四尺，叶皱。小蓟高一尺许，叶不
皱，
以此为异。小蓟，山野人取为蔬，甚适用。虽有微芒，亦不能害人。
Radix Cirsii Japonici et Cirsii Setosi
The flavor is sweet, and the nature is warm. It primarily nourishes essence (Jing) and protects blood. Radix Cirsii Japonici (Da Ji) mainly treats leukorrhea (red and white discharge) in women, calms the fetus, stops hematemesis (vomiting blood) and epistaxis (nosebleed), and makes the body robust and healthy.
Collected in May.
Tao Hongjing stated: Radix Cirsii Japonici (Da Ji) is Hu Ji (Tiger Thistle), while Radix Cirsii Setosi (Xiao Ji) is Mao Ji (Cat Thistle). Their leaves are both thorny and similar. They are abundant in fields and countryside; due to being considered lowly, they are no longer used in prescriptions.
This refers to Mao Ji (Cat Thistle). Radix Cirsii Japonici grows in mountains and valleys, and its root treats carbuncles and swellings. Radix Cirsii Setosi grows in plains and marshes; both can break blood stasis, but Radix Cirsii Setosi cannot reduce swelling. According to Chen Cangqi's *Bencao*: Radix Cirsii Setosi breaks old blood and stops new bleeding, treating sudden lower gastrointestinal bleeding, bloody dysentery, traumatic bleeding, and hematemesis. Juice extracted by crushing should be taken warm. Prepared as a decoction with sugar, it is also effective for traumatic injuries and bites from spiders, snakes, and scorpions. Ministers Yuxi et al., according to *Yaoxing Lun*, noted that Radix Cirsii Japonici can also be used alone; its flavor is bitter and nature is neutral. It stops metrorrhagia (uterine bleeding). Fresh roots crushed and juiced, approximately half a sheng taken, stops bleeding quickly. Ri Huazi stated: Radix Cirsii Setosi is cool and non-toxic. It treats wind-heat toxicity, chest and diaphragm irritability, promotes appetite, clears heat, and tonifies deficiency. The herb (shoots) removes irritability and heat; fresh juice taken is effective. Radix Cirsii Setosi has weak efficacy, only clearing heat, unlike Radix Cirsii Japonici which can tonify and direct Qi downward. Additionally: Leaves of Radix Cirsii Japonici are cool. They treat intestinal abscesses, blood stasis in abdominal organs, syncope due to blood loss, and traumatic injuries. They can be crushed raw and taken with wine or urine. For malignant sores and tinea, apply salt-crushed powder externally. Also known as Ci Ji (Thistle) and Shan Niu Bang.
*Tu Jing* states: Radix Cirsii Setosi is not listed with specific origins in *Ben Jing*, but is found everywhere. Commonly called Qing Ci Ji. The shoots are over one chi high, with thorny leaves. Flowers emerge from the center, resembling Carthamus tinctorius flowers but greenish-purple. In the north, it is called Qian Zhen Cao (Thousand-Needle Grass). When shoots are two to three cun long in February, harvested with roots and cooked as vegetables, they are delicious. Shoots collected in April, roots in September, dried in shade for medicinal use, or fresh roots crushed for juice. Effective for hematemesis, epistaxis, and lower bleeding. Radix Cirsii Japonici has similar shoots but is larger. Its efficacy differs; besides breaking blood, it treats carbuncles. Radix Cirsii Setosi specifically treats blood disorders.
Chen Cangqi said: Jimen (Thistle Gate) is named after thistles, and those from the North are superior. *Shi Liao* states Radix Cirsii Setosi nourishes Qi. Fresh roots and leaves crushed for juice, one cup taken yields immediate results. Boiling and eating leaves dispels wind-heat. Roots treat metrorrhagia. For excessive menstrual bleeding in women, half a sheng of juice is taken. In summer heat with persistent irritability, half a sheng of leaf juice brings recovery. *Shenghui Fang*: Treats heart-heat hematemesis and dry mouth. Use leaves and roots of Ci Ji, crush and extract juice. Take one small cup at once. Another prescription: For activation of mineral drugs causing heat oppression and chest stuffiness with hematemesis. Take one bunch of Xiao Ji, boil in two shengs of water to obtain one sheng, strain and divide doses. A case involved coldness in the yin region, gradually entering the scrotum causing swelling and fear of death, with night pain preventing sleep. Drinking boiled Radix Cirsii Japonici root juice brought immediate recovery. *Meishi Fang*: Treats sudden hematemesis and bloody diarrhea. Crush and extract juice from Xiao Ji leaves, take warm. *Jianyao Jizhong Fang* treats bleeding from nine orifices. Crush one handful of Ci Ji, mix with half a cup of wine, take at once. If fresh juice is unavailable, dry powder mixed with cold water (three qian bi) is used. Another prescription: Treats impetigo in children with unbearable pain and fever/chills. Apply Ci Ji powder mixed with fresh water to the sore, changing when dry.
*Yanyi* states: Da Ji and Xiao Ji are similar, with flower heads resembling hair buns. Da Ji is three to four chi high with wrinkled leaves. Xiao Ji is about one chi high with smooth leaves, which distinguishes them. Xiao Ji is used as a vegetable by rural people and is very practical. Although it has slight thorns, it does not harm humans.