\r山茱萸\pd336.bmp\r
味酸，平、微温，无毒。主心下邪气，寒热，温中，逐寒湿痹，去三虫，肠胃风邪，寒
热疝瘕，头风，风气去来，鼻塞，目黄，耳聋，面 ，温中下气，出汗，强阴益精，安
通九窍，止小便利。久服轻身，明目，强力长年。一名蜀枣，一名鸡足，一名 （音
妓）实。生汉中山谷及琅邪、冤句、东海承县。九月、十月采实，阴干。（蓼实为之使，恶
桔梗、防风、防己。）
陶隐居云∶出近道诸山中大树。子初熟未干，赤色，如胡 子，亦可啖；既干，皮甚薄，
当以合核为有尔。臣禹锡等谨按药性论云∶山茱萸，使，味咸、辛，大热。治脑骨痛，止月
水不定，补肾气，兴阳道，坚长阴茎，添精髓，疗耳鸣，除面上疮，主能发汗，止老人尿不
节。日华子云∶暖腰膝，助水脏，除一切风，逐一切气，破症结，治酒渣。陈藏器云∶胡
子，熟赤，酢涩。小儿食之当果子。止水痢，生平林间，树高丈余，叶阴白，冬不凋，冬花
春熟，最早诸果。茎及叶煮汁饲狗，主 。又有一种大相似，冬凋春实夏熟，人呼为木半夏，
无别功。根，平，无毒。根皮煎汤，洗恶疮疥并马 疮。
图经曰∶山茱萸，生汉中山谷及琅邪、冤句、东海承县，今海州亦有之。木高丈余，叶
似榆，花白。子初熟未干，赤色，似胡 子，有核，亦可啖；既干，皮甚薄。九月、十月采
实，阴干。吴普云∶一名鼠矢。叶如梅，有刺毛。二月花如杏。四月实如酸枣，赤。五月采
实。与此小异也。旧说当合核为用。而雷 《炮炙论》云∶子一斤去核，取肉皮用，只秤成
四两半，其核八棱者名雀儿苏，别是一物，不可用也。
雷公云∶凡使，勿用雀儿苏，真似山茱萸，只是核八棱，不入药用。使山茱萸，须去内
核。每修事去核了，一斤取肉皮用，只秤成四两以来，缓火熬之方∶用。能壮元气，秘精。
核能滑精。
衍义曰∶山茱萸，与吴茱萸甚不相类。山茱萸色红，大如枸杞子。吴茱萸如川椒，初结
子时，其大小亦不过椒，色正青。得名则一，治疗又不同，未审当日何缘如此命名。然山茱
萸补养肾脏，无一不宜。《经》与《注》所说备矣。
Shanzhuyu (Corni Fructus)
Taste: Sour. Nature: Neutral or slightly warm. Toxicity: Non-toxic. Indications: Mainly treats evil qi under the heart, alternating cold and heat; warms the middle jiao (middle burner), expels cold-dampness bi syndrome (painful obstruction), eliminates three parasites (intestinal worms), removes wind evil from the stomach and intestines, treats cold-heat hernia zhijia (abdominal masses), toufeng (head wind/headache), wandering wind evil, nasal congestion, yellow eyes, deafness, facial edema; warms the middle, directs rebellious qi downward, induces sweating, strengthens yin and benefits essence, calms the five zang organs, unblocks the nine orifices, and stops frequent urination. Long-term use makes the body light, improves vision, enhances strength, and prolongs life. Also known as Shuzao (Shu Date), Jizu (Chicken Foot), and [Character]shi. Grows in valleys of Hanzhong and in Langya, Yuanju, and Donghai Chengxian. Fruits are harvested in September and October and dried in the shade. (Liaoshi (Polygoni Multiflori Caulis) acts as an assistant herb; contraindicated with Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), and Fangji (Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix).)
Tao Hongjing stated: It grows on large trees in mountains near the capital. When fruits are freshly ripe but not dry, they are red, resembling Hu zi (a type of fruit), and are edible; once dried, the skin is very thin, and they should be used with the core. Ministers Yuxi et al., according to *Yaoxing Lun* (Treatise on Herb Properties): Shanzhuyu, when used as an assistant herb, has a salty and pungent taste and is extremely hot in nature. Treats brain and bone pain, regulates irregular menstruation, tonifies kidney qi, promotes sexual function, firmens and lengthens the penis, replenishes essence and marrow, treats tinnitus, removes facial sores, primarily induces sweating, and stops urinary incontinence in the elderly. Ri Huazi stated: Warms the waist and knees, assists the water organ (kidney), removes all wind evils, expels all qi stagnation, breaks up mass formations, and treats rhinophyma. Chen Cangqi stated: Hu zi, when ripe and red, is sour and astringent. Children can eat it as a fruit. Used to stop watery dysentery; grows in plains and forests, trees over one zhang high, leaves white underneath, evergreen in winter, flowers in winter and fruits in spring, the earliest among all fruits. Decoction of stems and leaves fed to dogs treats [Condition]. Another similar variety is larger, sheds leaves in winter and fruits in summer, called Mubanxia (Wood Halberd), with no other medicinal effects. Roots are neutral and non-toxic. Decoction of root bark washes severe sores, scabies, and horse sores.
*Tujing* (Illustrated Classic) stated: Shanzhuyu grows in valleys of Hanzhong and in Langya, Yuanju, and Donghai Chengxian; currently also produced in Haizhou. Trees are over one zhang high, leaves resemble elm leaves, flowers are white. When fruits are freshly ripe but not dry, they are red, resemble Hu zi, have cores, and are edible; once dried, the skin is very thin. Harvested in September and October, dried in the shade. Wu Pu stated: Also known as Shushi (Rat Dropping). Leaves resemble plum leaves, with prickly hairs. Flowers in February like apricot blossoms. Fruits in April like sour jujubes, red. Harvested in May. This differs slightly from the above. Old theories state it should be used with the core. However, Lei Xiao's *Paozhi Lun* (Treatise on Processing) states: Take one jin of fruits, remove the core, use only the flesh and skin, weighing only four taels and five qian; those with eight-sided cores are named Que'er Su (Sparrow's Su), which is a different substance and should not be used.
Lei Gong stated: When using Shanzhuyu, do not use Que'er Su. The authentic product resembles Shanzhuyu closely, but the core has eight edges and is not suitable for medicinal use. When processing Shanzhuyu, the internal core must be removed. After processing and removing the core, one jin yields about four taels of flesh and skin, which should be simmered over slow fire before use. It can strengthen primordial qi and consolidate essence. The core causes essence to slip.
*Yanyi* (Expanded Meaning) stated: Shanzhuyu is very dissimilar to Wuzhuyu (Evodiae Fructus). Shanzhuyu is red, size comparable to Gouqizi (Lycii Fructus). Wuzhuyu resembles Chuanjiao (Zanthoxylums Pericarpium); when newly formed, its size is no larger than pepper, and its color is pure green. Although their names share a character, their therapeutic actions differ; it is unclear why they were named similarly. However, Shanzhuyu tonifies and nourishes the kidneys, with no unsuitable applications. The explanations in the *Classic* (*Jing*) and *Commentaries* (*Zhu*) are comprehensive.