\r沙参一\pd125.bmp\r
\r沙参二\pd126.bmp\r
味苦，微寒，无毒。主血积惊气，除寒热，补中，益肺气，疗胃痹心腹痛，结热邪气
，头痛，皮间邪热，安五脏，补中。久服利人。一名知母，一名苦心，一名志取，一名虎须
，一名白参，一名识美，一名文希。生河内川谷及冤句、般阳续山，二月、八月采根，曝干
。（恶防己，反藜芦。）
陶隐居云∶今出近道。丛生，叶似枸杞，根白实者佳。此沙参并人参是为五参，其形不
尽相
类，而主疗颇同，故皆有参名。又有紫参，正名牡蒙，在中品。唐本注云∶紫参、牡蒙，各
是一物，非异名也。今沙参出华州为善。臣禹锡等谨按蜀本图经云∶花白色，根若葵根。
药
性论云∶沙参，臣。能去皮肌浮风，疝气下坠，治常欲眠，养肝气，宣五脏风气。日华子云
∶补虚，止惊烦，益心肺，并一切恶疮疥癣及身痒，排脓，消肿毒。
图经曰∶沙参，生河内川谷及冤句、般阳续山，今出淄、齐、潞、随州，而江、淮、荆、
湖
州
郡或有之。苗长一、二尺以来，丛生崖壁间，叶似枸杞而有叉牙。七月开紫花，根如葵根，
箸许大，赤黄色，中正白实者佳。二月、八月采根，曝干。南土生者，叶有细有大，花白，
瓣上仍有白粘胶，此为小异。古方亦单用。葛洪卒得诸疝，小腹及阴中相引痛如绞，自汗出
欲死者。捣筛末，酒服方寸匕，立瘥。
Shashen (Adenophorae Radix) 1
Shashen (Adenophorae Radix) 2
Bitter in taste, slightly cold in nature, non-toxic. It primarily treats blood accumulation and fright qi, eliminates chills and fever, tonifies the middle jiao, benefits lung qi, treats stomach bi causing heart and abdominal pain, condensed pathogenic factors, headache, pathogenic heat in the skin, calms the five zang organs, and tonifies the middle. Long-term use is beneficial to the person. Also known as Zhi Mu, Ku Xin, Zhi Qu, Hu Xu, Bai Shen, Shi Mei, and Wen Xi. Grows in river valleys of Henei, as well as Yuanju, Banyan Xushan. The roots are harvested in February and August and dried in the sun. (It is opposed by Fang Ji and incompatible with Li Lu.)
Tao Hongjing stated: Currently, it is produced in areas near the roads. It grows in clusters, with leaves resembling those of Gouqi (Lycii Cortex), and the white, solid roots are of superior quality. This Shashen, together with Renshen (Ginseng), constitutes the "Five Shens." Although their shapes are not entirely similar, their primary therapeutic effects are quite alike, hence they all bear the name "Shen." There is also Zishen, whose correct name is Mumeng, which is classified in the middle grade. The annotation in *Tang Bencao* states: Zishen and Mumeng are each distinct substances, not different names for the same thing. Currently, Shashen produced in Huazhou is considered the best. Chen Yuxi et al., according to the *Shuben Tujing*, recorded: The flowers are white, and the root resembles that of Kui (Hibiscus).
*Yaoxing Lun* states: Shashen is a minister herb. It can eliminate floating wind from the skin and muscles, treat hernia with downward dragging sensation, treat constant drowsiness, nourish liver qi, and disperse wind qi in the five zang organs.
Rihua Zi stated: It tonifies deficiency, stops fright and irritability, benefits the heart and lungs, and treats all kinds of malignant sores, scabies, tinea, and body itching; it expels pus and reduces swelling and toxicity.
*Tujing* states: Shashen grows in river valleys of Henei, as well as Yuanju and Banyan Xushan. Currently, it is produced in Zi, Qi, Lu, and Suizhou, and is also found in Jianghuai, Jing, and Huzhou regions. The seedling grows over one or two chi tall, growing in clusters among cliff walls. The leaves resemble those of Gouqi but have forked tips. In July, it opens purple flowers. The root resembles that of Kui, about the thickness of a chopstick, reddish-yellow in color, with a white, solid interior being of superior quality. The roots are harvested in February and August and dried in the sun. Those grown in the southern lands have leaves varying in size, white flowers, and white sticky gum on the petals, which is a slight difference. Ancient formulas also used it singly. Ge Hong once treated a patient who suddenly suffered from various hernias, with pain in the lower abdomen and genitalia radiating and twisting like wringing, accompanied by spontaneous sweating and a feeling of impending death. He crushed the root into powder, administered one fangcun bi (a measure equivalent to a square inch) with wine, and the patient recovered immediately.