有大毒。煎敷箭镞，人中之立死。生西南夷中，独茎生。《续汉书》曰∶出西夜国
，人中之辄死。今西南夷獠中，犹用此药敷箭镞。解之法，在《拾遗》石部盐药条中。
味辛，平，小毒。解诸药毒，人中毒者，煮汁服之。亦生研更烈，必大吐下。如无
毒，亦吐，去热痰疟瘴，天行蛊毒，喉闭。生岭南山谷。根如细辛，三、四十茎，一名三十
根钗子股，岭南人用之。
有大毒。主恶疮瘿根，瘤赘，息肉，白癜风，蛊毒，精魅溪毒，以上疮 者，和百
丈青、鸡桑灰等为末，敷 疮，蛊毒，精魅，当有别法。生江南山谷。茎、叶如蓖麻，茎中
空，吹作声如博落回，折之有黄汁，药入立死，不可入口也。
味辛，温，有毒。主恶疮、痈肿疼痛未溃，煎捣叶敷之，不得入疮，令人肉烂
。主疟，令病者取一握，微碎，缚臂上，男左女右，勿令近肉，便即成疮。子和姜捣破，破
冷气。田野间呼为猴蒜。生江东泽畔，叶如芥而大，上有毛，花黄，子如蒺藜。又有建，有
毒。生水旁，叶似胡芹，未闻余功，大相似。
Extremely toxic. When decocted and applied to arrowheads, if a person is struck by it, they will die immediately. It grows in the southwestern Yi regions, with a single stem. The *Book of Later Han* states: It originates from the State of Xiye; once people come into contact with it, they die. Currently, among the Yao people in the southwestern Yi regions, this medicine is still used to coat arrowheads. The method for antidoting its toxicity is recorded in the "Salt Medicine" section of the Stone category in *Kaibao Bencao Shiyi* (Supplement to the Imperial Materia Medica).
Pungent in flavor, neutral in nature, slightly toxic. It can resolve poisoning from various drugs. For those poisoned, decocting and drinking the juice is effective. It can also be used raw and ground, which is even more potent, inevitably causing severe vomiting and purging. If non-toxic, it can still induce vomiting, clearing heat-phlegm, malaria, miasma, epidemic diseases, gu poison, and throat closure. It grows in the valleys of Lingnan. The root resembles *Asari Radix et Rhizoma* (Xixin), with thirty or forty stems. An alternative name is "Thirty-Root Hairpin Stock," used by people in Lingnan.
Extremely toxic. It primarily treats malignant sores, goiter roots, tumors and warts, polyps, vitiligo, gu poison, spirit/stream toxins. For the aforementioned sores, mix it with *Bai Zhang Qing* (Hemistepta Root) and chicken mulch ash into a powder and apply to the sore; treating gu poison and spirits requires different methods. It grows in the valleys of Jiangnan. The stems and leaves resemble *Ricini Fructus* (Bima), the stem is hollow, and when blown, it makes a sound like *Macleaya Cordata* (Boluo Hui); when broken, it exudes yellow sap. If ingested, death occurs instantly; it must not enter the mouth.
Pungent in flavor, warm in nature, toxic. It treats malignant sores and painful abscesses that have not yet ulcerated; decoct or crush the leaves for external application. Do not allow the medicine to enter the wound, as it causes flesh rot. It treats malaria: the patient takes a handful, slightly crushes it, and binds it to the arm—left arm for males, right arm for females—without letting it touch the skin directly, which will cause a sore to form. Combined with ginger and pounded, it breaks up cold qi. In the fields, it is called "Monkey Garlic." It grows on the banks of marshes in Jiangdong. The leaves are larger than mustard greens and hairy; the flowers are yellow, and the seeds resemble *Tribuli Fructus* (Jili). There is also Jian grass, which is toxic. It grows near water, with leaves resembling *Selinum Decurrens* (Huqin); no other efficacy is known, and it is very similar.
Sweet in flavor, warm in nature, non-toxic. It treats cold wind and cold qi, indigestion of retained food, and abdominal distension. It grows in Xifan (Tibet region) and is not found in the northern lands. It resembles *Foeniculum Vulgare* (Huixiang), and Hu people use it to make soup.
Pungent in flavor, warm in nature, slightly toxic. It treats gu poison, flying corpse disease, and throat closure. A small amount taken after grinding with water, or ground and applied to malignant skin swellings. It grows in the valleys of Dongyang. The seedling resembles *Cheng Lu Xian*, the root is round like Yangpen, and the seeds are as large as chicken eggs.