温。补寒冷虚乏。
陶隐居云∶牛乳、羊乳实为补润，故北人皆多肥健。唐本注云∶北人肥健，不啖咸腥，
方∶
土使然，何关饮乳？陶以未达，故屡有此言。臣禹锡等谨按药性论云∶羊乳，臣，味甘，无
毒。润心肺，治消渴。孟诜云∶羊乳，治卒心痛，可温服之。日华子云∶羊乳，利大肠。含，
疗口疮，小儿惊痫疾。
陈藏器补虚，小儿含之主口疮。不堪入药，为其膻。食疗补肺肾气，和小肠，亦主消渴，
治
虚劳，益精气，合脂作羹食，补肾虚，亦主女子与男子中风。蚰蜒入耳，以羊乳灌耳中即成
水
。又主小儿口中烂疮，取 羊生乳，含五、六日瘥。外台秘要主小儿哕。羊乳一升煎减半，
分五服。牛乳亦得。千金方∶小儿舌肿，羊乳汁饮之瘥。又方∶主干呕。取羊乳一杯，空心
饮之。千金翼漆疮，羊乳敷之。经验方∶治蜘蛛咬，遍身生丝。羊乳一件饮之。正元十年，
崔员
外
未
几日而平。
微寒。补虚羸，止渴。
陶隐居云∶ 牛为佳，不用新饮者。唐本注云∶水牛乳，造石蜜须之，言作酪浓浓，味
胜牛。 牛乳，性平。生
饮令人痢，熟饮令人口干，微似温也。臣禹锡等谨按蜀本云∶牛乳，味甘，无毒。孟诜云∶
牛乳，寒。患热风人宜服之。
日华子云∶黄牛乳、髓，冷。润皮肤，养心肺，解热毒。
图经文具牛黄条下。
陈藏器黄牛乳，生服利人，下热气，冷补，润肤，止渴。和酥煎三、五沸食之，去冷气
癖
，羸瘦。凡服乳，必煮一、二沸，停冷啜之，热食即壅。不欲顿服，欲得渐消。与酸物相反
，令人腹中结症。凡以乳及溺屎去病，黑牛胜黄牛。食疗患冷气人不宜服之。乌牛乳酪，寒
。主热毒，止渴，除胸中热。圣惠方∶主小儿烦热哕方∶以牛乳二合，姜汁一合，银器中
慢火煎过五、六沸，一岁儿饮半合，量儿大小加减服之。孙真人合生鱼食作瘕。食医心镜主
消渴
，口干。牛乳微寒，补虚羸。广利方∶消渴，心脾中热，下焦虚冷，小便多，渐羸瘦。生牛
、羊乳。渴即饮之三、四合。太平广记贞观中，太宗苦于气痢，众医不效。诏问殿廷左右，
有
能治其疾者，当重赏之。有术士进以乳汁煎荜茇，服之立瘥。
[Sheep Milk]
Nature: Warm. Tonifies deficiency and fatigue caused by cold.
Tao Hongjing stated: Cow's milk and sheep's milk are indeed tonifying and moistening; therefore, people in the north tend to be fat and healthy. The *Tang Bencao* commentary notes: People in the north are fat and healthy not because they do not eat salty or fishy foods; this is due to their geographical environment, what does it have to do with drinking milk? Tao Hongjing, lacking understanding, repeatedly made such statements. Ministers Yu Xi and others carefully followed the *Yaoxing Lun*: Sheep's milk, as a minister herb, has a sweet taste and is non-toxic. It moistens the lungs and heart, and treats Xiao Ke (wasting-thirst syndrome). Meng Shen stated: Sheep's milk treats sudden onset of heart pain and can be taken warm. Ri Huazi stated: Sheep's milk benefits the large intestine. Holding it in the mouth treats mouth sores and pediatric convulsive diseases.
Chen Cangqi stated: Sheep's milk tonifies deficiency; holding it in the mouth of infants treats mouth sores. However, it is unsuitable for decoction due to its gamey odor. *Shiliao Bencao* states: Sheep's milk tonifies Qi of the lungs and kidneys, harmonizes the small intestine, also treats Xiao Ke (wasting-thirst syndrome), treats Xu Lao (deficiency labor), and enriches essence and Qi. When combined with fat to make soup, it tonifies kidney deficiency and also treats wind-stroke in women and men. If a centipede enters the ear, pouring sheep's milk into the ear will turn it into water. It also treats rotten sores in children's mouths; taking colostrum from a newborn lamb and holding it in the mouth for five to six days leads to recovery. *Waitai Miyao* treats pediatric hiccups. Take one sheng of sheep's milk, boil until reduced by half, divide into five doses. Cow's milk is also acceptable. *Qianjin Fang*: For swollen tongue in children, drinking sheep's milk milk leads to recovery. Another prescription: Treats dry vomiting. Take one cup of sheep's milk and drink it on an empty stomach. *Qianjin Yifang*: For lacquer dermatitis, apply sheep's milk externally. *Jingyan Fang*: Treat spider bites where silk-like threads grow all over the body. Drink one jian of sheep's milk. In the 10th year of Zhengyuan, Cui Yuanwai... recovered within a few days.
[Cow's Milk]
Nature: Slightly cold. Tonifies emaciation and stops thirst.
Tao Hongjing stated: Water buffalo milk is best; do not use freshly drawn milk. The *Tang Bencao* commentary notes: Water buffalo milk is required to make rock sugar; it produces thick curd and tastes better than yellow cow's milk. Yellow cow's milk has a neutral nature. Raw consumption causes diarrhea, while cooked consumption causes dry mouth, slightly warming. Ministers Yu Xi and others carefully followed the *Shu Bencao*: Cow's milk has a sweet taste and is non-toxic. Meng Shen stated: Cow's milk is cold. Those suffering from wind-heat should consume it.
Ri Huazi stated: Yellow cow's milk and marrow are cold. They moisten the skin, nourish the lungs and heart, and resolve heat toxins.
*Tujing Bencao* details are recorded under the entry for Niu Huang (Calculus Bovis).
Chen Cangqi stated: Yellow cow's milk, when consumed raw, benefits people by descending heat qi, providing a cold tonic effect, moistening the skin, and stopping thirst. Boiled with butter for three to five boils and consumed removes cold qi accumulation and treats emaciation. Whenever consuming milk, it must be boiled once or twice, cooled down before sipping; hot consumption causes stagnation. It is not desired to consume it all at once, but rather gradually digest it. It is incompatible with sour foods, causing abdominal masses (Zheng Jia). Whenever using milk and urine/feces to treat disease, black cows are superior to yellow cows. *Shiliao Bencao* states: Those with cold qi should not consume it. Black cow's milk and curd are cold. They treat heat toxins, stop thirst, and remove heat from the chest. *Shenghui Fang*: Treats pediatric irritability and hiccups. Prescription: Use two he of cow's milk and one he of ginger juice, slowly boil in a silver vessel for five to six boils. Infants of one year old drink half a he, adjusting dosage based on the child's size. Sun Simiao stated that eating raw fish together forms Jia masses. *Shiyi Xinjing* treats Xiao Ke (wasting-thirst syndrome) and dry mouth. Cow's milk is slightly cold and tonifies emaciation. *Guangli Fang*: Treats Xiao Ke (wasting-thirst syndrome), heat in the heart and spleen, deficiency-cold in the lower jiao, frequent urination, and gradual emaciation. Consume raw cow's and sheep's milk. When thirsty, drink three to four he. *Taiping Guangji* records: During the Zhenguan era, Emperor Taizong suffered from Qi Li (gas dysentery), and many physicians were ineffective. An edict asked those around the palace who could cure his illness would be heavily rewarded. A sorcerer presented a method of boiling Bi Bo (Long Pepper) with milk; upon consumption, he recovered immediately.