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Chan Hua (Cicada Flower)
Sweet in taste, cold in nature, non-toxic. Primarily treats infant convulsions (Tian Diao), fright epilepsy with spasms, night crying, and palpitations. Available everywhere, harvested in the seventh lunar month. Those growing in bitter bamboo forests are of superior quality, with flowers emerging above the soil.
The *Tu Jing* (Illustrated Classic) records details under the entry for Cicada (Zha Chan).
Lei Gong states: When using Chan Hua, select those that are white and complete. After collection, hang them to dry in the eastern corner under the eaves. Remove soil, then boil in rice water for one day, and bake dry at night.
*Yan Yi* (Supplementary Meaning) (Content on Chan Hua is recorded under the entry for Cicada.)

Si Lao (Grub)
Salty in taste, slightly warm and slightly cold in nature, toxic. Treats malignant blood stasis, blood stasis with qi obstruction, hardness and fullness pain in the hypochondrium due to blood stasis, amenorrhea, excessive ocular discharge (Yin Fu), blue nebula, and white membrane. Treats persistent hematemesis in the chest and abdomen, blood accumulation after bone fractures, internal blockage from metal wounds, postpartum cold invasion, and promotes lactation. Also known as "Qi" (pronounced 'Fu Wen Qie'), also known as "Qi" (pronounced 'Fei'), also known as "Qi". Grows in the flat marshes of Henei and among grasses where household manure accumulates. Can be collected at any time.
Tao Hongjing says: The large ones are as big as a human big toe, move by their backs, faster than feet. Mixed with pig trotters to make soup, indistinguishable from breast milk. The *Classic of Poetry* says: "Neck like You Qi." Now distinguishing it, naming it with "Qi" character below, perhaps "Ci Si Lao" mentioned here is inverted. *Tang Ben Zhu* notes: This insect is found in manure piles or rotting wood. Those in rotting willow wood are pure white inside and out; those in soil manure have yellow skin and dark black interiors. Since colors and forms differ, and environments of wood and soil are distinct, those from wood should be preferred. Although collection has no fixed time, winter is best. According to *Er Ya*, also known as "He" (pronounced 'He'), also known as "Mou", also known as "You Qi".
Currently referring to Chen Cangqi's *Ben Cao Shi Yi*: Si Lao treats red and white wandering rashes. Break the rash with an object, apply Si Lao juice. Ministers Yu Xi et al. respectfully note according to Shu Ben Zhu: Currently based on *Er Ya*, Si Lao. Note: In manure and soil. *Ben Jing* also says: Also known as "Mou Qi". Also says: Grows in various rotten trees as borers, commonly called "He". Regarding therapeutic effects, only those from mulberry trees are best. Recent prescriptions:
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In the unclassified insect category, there is an entry for Mulberry Borer saying: Sweet in taste, non-toxic. Treats sudden heart pain and insufficient flesh regeneration in metal wounds, which is this one. Su Gong says: Should prefer those from wood. Now uniquely arguing against this, stating that since origins differ, therapeutic effects also differ. Although toxic, toxicity is easy to see, but mutual enhancement and incompatibility are hard to know. Furthermore, "He" does not share the name Si Lao, and "Mou" does not include the name "Mou". One must carefully examine treatments. *Yao Xing Lun* says: Si Lao, Minister. Juice treats dripping into eyes to remove nebulae. Treats blood pain. Ri Hua Zi says: Si Lao insect treats chest hardness and fullness, nebulae and blood stasis membranes, treats wind rashes. Those collected from mulberry and willow trees are good; others are not suitable. Those from manure soil can be applied to malignant sores.
*Tu Jing* says: Si Lao grows in flat marshes of Henei and among grasses where household manure accumulates, now available everywhere. Large ones are like a big toe, moving by back faster than feet, collectible anytime. Reverse-moving ones are good. This is what *Er Ya* calls "Mou", Si Lao. Guo Pu says: Those in manure soil are correct. But borers in various rotten woods have similar shapes, just whiter than those in manure soil, which is what *Er Ya* calls: You Qi, He. Also says: He, Mou. Also says: He, Mulberry Insect. Guo Yun: Though generally called He in wood, the different location refers to this. Su Gong believes medicinal use should be from wood, which contradicts *Ben Jing* saying it grows in accumulated manure grass. In "Named but Unused," there is naturally a Mulberry Insect entry. Mulberry Insect is Mou, with distinct therapeutic effects from this. Current physicians use it for postpartum lactation, digging up those from manure soil, with very rapid effect. Thus, knowing Su's theory is unreliable. Zhang Zhongjing's miscellaneous disease formulas use Si Lao in Da Chong Wan because it treats hypochondriac hardness and fullness. *Xu Chuan Xin Fang* treats throat bi by applying insect juice to the throat, opening it immediately.
Chen Cangqi's *Ben Jing* says: Grows in manure soil. Tao says: Can walk backwards. Su Gong says: In rotting wood, willow wood ones have white skin, manure ones have yellow skin, preferring wood ones. Analysis: Si Lao lives in manure soil, short body long legs, hairy tendons on back. From water entering autumn, molts into cicada, flies in sky drinking dew, sings high and pure. He lives in rotten wood, eats wood heart, bores like awl. Also known as Du, long body short legs, black mouth no hair, slow joints. To spring, metamorphoses into Long-horned Beetle, two horns like water buffalo, black color with white spots on back, climbs wood up and down, flight not far. Two insects' origins differ, forms and qualities distinct, yet Su Gong confused their appearances, naming both Si Lao, similar to Cai Mo confusing Peng Qi, almost misled. Su Jing's note is a thousand-thought oversight. *Er Ya* says: Mou, Si You, Si He. Guo's note says: Si Lao in manure soil, He in wood, Mulberry Borer is it. Generally called He, locations differ. Also says: Nibble Mulberry, note says: Like He Bull, long horns, white spots, likes nibbling mulberry trees making holes. Lei Gong says: When using, those from mulberry and cypress trees are excellent. After collection, shade dry. After drying, stir-fry with glutinous rice until rice is scorched black, then remove rice, take the insect, remove mouth parts, flesh hairs, and black dust, cut into three or four pieces, grind into powder for use. *Wai Tai Mi Yao*: *Shan Fan* fire dan spreading in skin, named Fire Dan. Formula: Apply Si Lao powder. *Qian Jin Fang*: Treats rice/wheat awn entering eye. Take Si Lao, cover eye with new cloth, rub Si Lao over the cloth. *Mi Lu*: Treats carbuncles, fistulas, malignant sores, and infant fire dan. Apply powdered Si Lao. Treats mouth ulcers by cutting chopstick head, flipping over to wipe sore, effective.
*Yan Yi* says: Si Lao, this insect is found under roots of various rotten woods. Gou wood sap is sweet, so many such insects are under roots, the wood body is rarely intact. Some grow in manure soil, though plump, belly is black, inferior to wood-dwelling ones, though thin, slightly white. Raw ground, squeezed with water, filtered clear liquid drunk, promotes lactation.