味辛，温，无毒。久食温中益气。生岭南。顾《广州记》曰∶鸡侯菜，似艾，二月
生，宜鸡羹，故名之。
取子带之，令妇人为夫所爱。生园中，细如芹花，紫子作角，以镜向旁敲之，则子
自发，五月五日收之也。
味甘，温，无毒。主一切风，血气羸弱，令人性健。久服风缓及偏风并正。生山南峡
中。叶似枸杞，根如葛，黑色也。
味苦，寒，无毒。主解百药毒，诸热烦闷急黄，天行黄胆，疽疮，疟瘴中恶，寒
热头痛，马急黄及牛疫，并水磨服。生者尤佳。亦敷痈肿，与陈家白药同功。但霍乱诸冷，
不可服耳。生四明天台。叶圆薄似钱，蔓延，根作鸟形者良。一名承露仙。
味苦，寒，无毒。主解诸药毒。水研服之，入腹与毒相攻必吐，疑毒未止，更服
。亦去心胸烦热，天行温瘴。出苍梧。陈家解药用之，故有陈家之号。蔓及根并似土瓜，紧
小者良，冬春采取，一名吉利菜。人亦食之，与婆罗门白药及赤药功用并相似。叶如钱，根
如防己，出明山。
味苦，寒，无毒。子主疔肿。叶变白发，令人不睡。李邕方云∶主诸热毒，石气发动
，调中，解烦。生道旁。子圆赤珠似龙葵，但子熟时赤耳。
Pungent in flavor, warm in nature, non-toxic. Long-term consumption warms the middle jiao (middle energizer) and supplements qi. Grows in the Lingnan region. Gu's *Guangzhou Ji* states: "Jihou Cai resembles mugwort (Artemisia argyi), emerges in February, and is suitable for chicken soup, hence its name."
Carrying the seeds allows women to be loved by their husbands. It grows in gardens, slender like celery flowers, bearing purple horn-like fruits. When struck with a mirror from the side, the seeds fall off spontaneously; they should be harvested on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month.
Sweet in flavor, warm in nature, non-toxic. Primarily treats all types of wind pathogens, weak and deficient blood and qi, and makes one's temperament vigorous. Long-term use alleviates wind patterns and hemiplegia/stroke. Grows in the canyons of southern mountains. The leaves resemble those of wolfberry (Lycium chinense), the roots resemble kudzu root (Pueraria lobata), and are black in color.
Bitter in flavor, cold in nature, non-toxic. Primarily resolves toxicity from various medicines, heat-induced restlessness and oppression, acute jaundice, epidemic jaundice, carbuncles and sores, malaria and miasma evil qi, alternating chills and fever with headache, equine acute jaundice, and cattle epidemics. All are treated by grinding with water and administering orally. Fresh material is especially effective. It can also be applied externally to carbuncle swellings, functioning similarly to Chen Family White Medicine. However, it is contraindicated in cholera and various cold syndromes. Grows on Tiantai Mountain in Siming. The leaves are round and thin like coins, creeping along the ground; roots shaped like birds are considered superior. Also known as Chenglu Xian.
Bitter in flavor, cold in nature, non-toxic. Primarily resolves toxicity from various medicines. Ground with water and taken orally, it induces vomiting upon entering the stomach as it attacks the toxins. If toxin residue is suspected, it may be administered again. It also clears heat and restlessness from the heart and chest, and treats epidemic warm miasma. Originates from Cangwu. Used by Chen Family for detoxification, hence the name "Chen Family". The vines and roots resemble sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas); those that are tight and small are superior. Harvested in winter and spring. Also known as Jili Cai. People also consume it; its functions are similar to Brahman White Medicine and Red Medicine. Leaves resemble coins, roots resemble stephania root (Stephania tetrandra), originating from Mingshan.
Bitter in flavor, cold in nature, non-toxic. The seeds primarily treat carbuncles and furuncles. The leaves cause white hair (or lead to whitening of hair) and insomnia. Li Yong's prescription states: It treats various heat toxins, activation of stone medicine qi, harmonizes the middle, and relieves restlessness. Grows by the roadside. The seeds are round and red like nightshade berries (Solanum nigrum), except that the ripe seeds are red.
Sweet in flavor, cold in nature, non-toxic. Primarily moistens the five zang organs, stops thirst, eliminates restlessness, clears heat, and brightens the eyes. Its functions are similar to Ophiopogon tuber (Ophiopogonis Radix). Grows in shaded valleys and rivers of Jiangnan. The seedlings resemble daylily (Hemerocallis citrina), the roots resemble Asparagus tuber (Asparagi Radix), and the heart must be removed before use.