手阳明大肠。传导不洁之物。变化物之形。故曰传导之官。变化出焉。大肠上口。即小肠下口。大肠下接直肠。直
肠下为肛门谷道。传送不洁之物。必待肺气下行。故与肺为表里。属西方庚金。体用性情等。皆不外乎肺。其脉
即受肺交。肺脉出次指。大肠脉遂起于食指之端。循指上掌。出合谷两骨间。合谷虎口也。上循臂。入肘外廉。上 外
前廉。上肩出肩端两骨。名 骨之前廉。上出于肩HT 上际。名天柱骨。会于大椎。大椎肩上高骨也。下入缺
盆。络肺下膈属大肠。其支者。从缺盆上颈贯颊。入下齿缝中。返出两吻。各挟口交人中。左之右。右之左。上挟鼻孔。
其邪气有余而实。则脉所经过之处。皆热肿而痛。其正气不足而虚。则为寒栗。大肠之大略如此。
手少阴心经。为一身之君主。神明出焉。居左手寸口。与手太阳小肠为表里。心脏小肠腑。言其体。属南方丁火。
言其用。心主血。其窍荣于舌。故舌为心苗。心和则舌音嘹亮。心又藏神。血气两全谓之神。精气之化成也。心平
则神明不测。言其性情之杂着。心主臭。心属火。火化物。五味出焉。火炎盛。则生焦苦。故自入为焦。其传五脏者。
亦各自有臭。其为各脏所传者。肺主声。入心为言。脾主味。入心为苦。肝主色。入心为赤。肾主液。入心为汗。其
为六淫所中。伤暑之病。必心先得。其为七情所害。喜则神庭融泄。火气赫曦。肾水乘之。其有不内外因而病者。养心
莫善于寡欲。荣神役虑。则神疲而心受伤。心脉受足太阴脾脉之交。脾脉终于心。故心脉起于心中。心附脊
第五椎。出属心系。心系有二。一则上与肺通。入肺两大叶间。一则由肺系而下曲折。向后并脊里细络。相连贯通五脏
系。从心系下膈络小肠。其支者。从心系上挟咽。故心病嗌干。系目。故心病目黄。其直者。复从心系上肺。出腋下。
循内
后廉。下肘循臂内后廉。抵掌后兑骨之端。入掌内后廉。循小指出其端。故心病 臂痛。掌中热。诊脉如六菽之重。浮
于六菽者。小肠脉也。按之与血脉相得曰洪。稍稍加力。脉道觉粗曰大。又稍加力。脉道阔软曰散。此平脉也。若飞急
病太过。如水中浮萍动病不及。沉濡而滑。水来克火。是为贼邪。然汗通则肾水准。火不受水贼矣。单沉主中寒。心气
刺痛。单濡。烦躁冷汗。单滑主心热上焦满。痰壅吐逆渴。浮短涩。乃肺脉为微邪。火金相合。火来克金。金虚则木盛
主风热。又心浮头旋目暗。心涩精血俱败。胸痹心痛。弦则病因肝木而致。为病虚邪。火中有木。木能御土。无土则
水至。又木挟火而欲侮金。金木交战于胸中。能致胸中急痛。若脉紧亦自作痛。缓大乃脾之本形为实邪。火中有土。水
不能制火。是谓子能制鬼。然火邪愈甚。热极生风。能令舌不活动。心中惊惕。又有正邪。曰芤曰数。皆属
火。芤主血凝不流。心脉芤。积血在胸中。气上则吐衄。气陷则痢数。为邪热太过。数甚能令舌生风。而唇破裂。狂言
目见鬼神。心之积。名曰伏梁。起脐上。大如臂。上至心下。以秋庚辛日得之。盖肾邪传心。心当传肺。肺旺不受
邪。心复欲返肾。肾不受。故留结为积。心脏有余。梦见忧惊怪异之事。心脏不足。梦烟火光明。若心绝而真脏脉见。
坚而博。如循薏苡子。累累然如转豆。脉又前曲后踞。如操带钩。前曲者。轻取则坚强不柔。后踞者。重取则牢。
实不动。全失冲和之气。其见于外者。发必焦枯。面黧黑。掌肿无文。壬日笃。癸日死。死于亥子时。心之大略如此。
The Hand-Yangming Large Intestine Meridian is responsible for conducting and excreting impure substances, transforming the form of matter; hence it is called the "Official of Transmission," with changes arising from it. The upper orifice of the large intestine connects to the lower orifice of the small intestine. The lower end of the large intestine connects to the rectum, which leads down to the anus (Gudao). The transmission of impure substances must await the descending action of Lung Qi; therefore, it forms an interior-exterior relationship with the Lung. It belongs to Geng Metal of the West. Its substance, function, nature, and temperament are all consistent with those of the Lung. Its pulse qi receives connection from the Lung Meridian. The Lung Meridian emerges at the tip of the thumb (Note: Text says index finger, but standard theory is thumb/Lung starts at Zhongfu, pulse at Taiyuan; however, per instruction to translate text faithfully: "Lung pulse exits the index finger"), and the Large Intestine pulse subsequently arises from the tip of the index finger. It follows up the finger to the palm, emerging between the two bones at Hegu (Hukou/Tiger's Mouth). It ascends along the forearm, enters the lateral edge of the elbow, goes up the lateral anterior edge, ascends the shoulder, and emerges between the two bones at the shoulder tip, named the anterior edge of the acromion bone. It ascends above the Jianjing (HT) point, named Tianzhu Bone, and meets at Dazhui (the high bone on the shoulder). It descends into the Quepen (Clavicular Fossa), connects with the Lung, passes through the diaphragm, and belongs to the Large Intestine. Its branch rises from Quepen, travels up the neck, penetrates the cheek, and enters the gap of the lower teeth. It returns to emerge at both corners of the mouth, crossing each other at the Renzhong point (philtrum), left crossing to right and right crossing to left, ascending to flank the nostrils.
If pathogenic qi is in excess and presents as a Excess syndrome, heat, swelling, and pain will occur along the course of the meridian. If righteous qi is deficient and presents as a Deficiency syndrome, cold shivering will occur. This is the general overview of the Large Intestine.
The Hand-Shaoyin Heart Meridian serves as the monarch of the body, from which Shen (Spirit/Mind) emerges. It is located at the Cun Kou position of the left hand and forms an interior-exterior relationship with the Hand-Taiyang Small Intestine Meridian. Referring to its physical structure, the Heart and Small Intestine belong to Ding Fire of the South. Referring to its function, the Heart governs Blood. Its orifice manifests in the tongue; thus, the tongue is the sprout of the Heart. When Heart Qi is harmonious, speech is clear. The Heart also stores Shen. The completeness of Qi and Blood is termed Shen, resulting from the transformation of Essence and Qi. When the Heart is peaceful, Shen is unfathomable. Regarding its complex natures, the Heart governs smell. As the Heart belongs to Fire, Fire transforms things, giving rise to the Five Flavors. When Fire flares intensely, it produces a scorched and bitter taste; thus, the flavor associated with the Heart itself is scorched. Regarding transmission among the Zang organs, each has its corresponding odor. Transmitted from other organs: the Lung governs sound, entering the Heart as speech; the Spleen governs taste, entering the Heart as bitterness; the Liver governs color, entering the Heart as redness; the Kidney governs fluids, entering the Heart as sweat. If attacked by the Six Exogenous Pathogens, injury from Summerheat always affects the Heart first. If harmed by the Seven Emotions, excessive joy causes Shen to scatter and dissipate, leading to blazing Fire, allowing Kidney Water to invade. For diseases caused by non-exogenous/non-endogenous factors, nothing is better for nourishing the Heart than reducing desires. Depleting Ying (Nutritive) Qi and overusing mental effort leads to Shen fatigue and Heart injury. The Heart pulse receives connection from the Foot-Taiyin Spleen Meridian. Since the Spleen pulse terminates at the Heart, the Heart pulse originates within the Heart. The Heart attaches to the fifth thoracic vertebra of the spine, emerging to belong to the Xin Xi (Heart Connection). The Xin Xi has two branches: one connects upward to the Lung, entering between the two lobes of the lung; the other descends from the Lung system, curves backward, runs alongside the spinal canal's fine collaterals, connecting and penetrating the systems of the five Zang organs. From the Xin Xi, it descends through the diaphragm to connect with the Small Intestine. Its branch rises from the Xin Xi, flanking the throat; thus, Heart disease causes dry throat. It connects to the eyes; thus, Heart disease causes yellowing of the eyes. Its straight branch ascends from the Xin Xi to the Lung, emerges under the axilla, follows the posterior medial edge of the arm, descends along the medial posterior edge of the forearm, reaches the end of the Dougu (pisiform bone) behind the palm, enters the posterior medial aspect of the palm, and follows the little finger to its tip. Thus, Heart disease causes arm pain and heat in the palm. When diagnosing the pulse with a pressure equivalent to six mung beans, floating at this level indicates the Small Intestine pulse. Pressing until it feels cohesive with the blood vessel is called Hong (Surging). Slightly increasing pressure makes the channel feel coarse, called Da (Large). Increasing pressure slightly more makes the channel broad and soft, called San (Scattered). These are Ping Mai (Normal Pulses). If the pulse flies rapidly indicating Excess, it resembles duckweed floating in water, indicating Deficiency (Insufficiency). Chen (Deep), Ru (Soggy), and Hua (Slippery) indicate Water overcoming Fire, known as Zei Xie (Thieving Evil). However, if sweating is unobstructed, Kidney Water balances, and Fire is not overcome by Water. A solitary Chen pulse indicates Cold in the Middle Jiao and stabbing Heart Qi pain. A solitary Ru pulse indicates restlessness, cold sweats. A solitary Hua pulse indicates Heat in the Heart and fullness in the Upper Jiao, phlegm obstruction, vomiting, and thirst. Fu (Floating), Duan (Short), and Se (Choppy) indicate the Lung pulse as a Minor Evil. Fire and Metal combine; Fire overcomes Metal. Metal deficiency leads to Wood excess, indicating Wind-Heat. Additionally, a Floating Heart pulse causes dizziness and dim vision. A Choppy Heart pulse indicates exhaustion of Essence and Blood, Bi Syndrome of the chest, and Heart pain. A Xian (Wiry) pulse indicates the cause is Liver Wood, constituting a False Evil. Fire contains Wood; Wood controls Earth. Without Earth, Water arrives. Furthermore, Wood carries Fire to insult Metal. Metal and Wood battle in the chest, causing acute chest pain. A Jin (Tight) pulse also causes spontaneous pain. Huan (Slow) and Da (Large) represent the natural form of the Spleen, constituting an Excess Evil. Fire contains Earth; Water cannot control Fire, known as "Child controlling Ghost." However, as Fire evil intensifies, extreme heat generates Wind, causing tongue immobility and palpitations. There are also Zheng (Regular) and Xie (Abnormal) pulses, namely Kou (Hollow) and Shu (Rapid), both belonging to Fire. Kou indicates stagnant blood. A Kou Heart pulse means accumulated blood in the chest; Qi rising causes hematemesis and epistaxis; Qi sinking causes dysentery. Shu indicates excessive pathogenic heat. Extreme rapidity causes wind in the tongue, cracked lips, delirium, and hallucinations. The accumulation in the Heart is named Fuliang, starting above the umbilicus, as thick as an arm, extending up to below the heart. It occurs on Geng/Xin days in Autumn. This is likely Kidney evil transmitting to the Heart. The Heart should transmit to the Lung, but the Lung is prosperous and rejects the evil. The Heart tries to return the evil to the Kidney, but the Kidney rejects it, so it remains and forms an accumulation. Excess in the Heart causes dreams of worry, fright, and strange events. Deficiency in the Heart causes dreams of fire, smoke, and light. If the Heart is exhausted and the True Zang pulse appears, it is hard and bounding, like touching Coix seeds, accumulating like rolling beans. The pulse bends forward and crouches backward, like grasping a belt hook. Bending forward means firm and unyielding upon light pressure. Crouching backward means solid and immobile upon heavy pressure. It completely loses the Qi of harmony. Manifestations externally include burnt hair, dark complexion, and swollen palms without texture. The condition worsens on Ren days and dies on Gui days, dying during Hai/Zi hours. This is the general overview of the Heart.