妇人月水来腹痛者，由劳伤血气，以致体虚，受风冷之气，客于胞络，损冲任之脉，手
太阳、少阴之经。冲脉、任脉皆起于胞内，为经脉之海也；手太阳小肠之经，手少阴心之经
也，此二经共为表里，主下为月水。其经血虚，受风冷，故月水将下之际，血气动于风冷，
风冷与血气相击，故令痛也。
妇人月水不断者，由损伤经血，冲脉、任脉虚损故也。冲任之脉，为经脉之海；手太阳
小肠之经也，手少阴心之经也，此二经为表里，主下为月水。劳伤经脉，冲任之气虚损，故
不能制其经血，故令月水不断也。凡月水不止而合阴阳，冷气上入脏，令人身体面目痿黄，
亦令绝子不产也。
妇人月水不通者，由劳损血气，致令体虚受风冷，风冷邪气客于胞内，伤损冲任之脉，
并手太阳、少阴之经，致胞络内绝，血气不通故也。冲任之脉，起于胞内，为经脉之海；手
太阳小肠之经也，手少阴心之经也，此二经为表里，主下为月水。风冷伤其经血，血性得温
则宣流，得寒则涩闭，既为冷所结搏，血结在内，故令月水不通。
又云∶肠中鸣，则月事不来，病本于胃。所以然者，风冷干于胃气，胃气虚，不能分别
水谷，使津液不生，血气不成故也。
又云∶醉以入房，则纳气竭绝，伤肝，使月事衰少不来也。所以尔者，肝藏于血，劳伤
过度，血气枯竭于内也。
又，先经唾血，及吐血、下血，谓之脱血，使血枯，亦月事不来也。
又，利血，经水亦断，所以尔者，津液减耗故也。利止，津液生，其经自下。
诊其肾脉微涩，为不利者，是月水不来也。又左手关后尺内浮，为阳；阳绝者，无膀胱
脉也，月事则闭。又，肝脉沉之而急，浮之亦然，时小便难，苦头眩痛，腰背痛，足为寒，
时疼，月事不来，时恐，得之少之时有所堕坠也。
月水不通，久则血结于内生块，变为血瘕，亦作血症。血水相并，壅涩不宣通，脾胃虚
弱，变为水肿也。所以然者，脾候身之肌肉，象于土，土主能克消于水，水血既并，脾气衰
弱，不能克消，故水气流溢，浸渍肌肉，故肿满也。
When a woman experiences abdominal pain during menstruation, it is due to fatigue damaging the blood and qi, resulting in physical weakness. Cold-wind pathogens invade and lodge in the collateral vessels of the uterus (Baogong), damaging the Chong Mai (Penetrating Vessel) and Ren Mai (Conception Vessel), as well as the Hand Taiyang and Hand Shaoyin meridians. The Chong Mai and Ren Mai both originate within the uterus, serving as the "Sea of the Twelve Meridians." The Hand Taiyang meridian belongs to the Small Intestine, and the Hand Shaoyin meridian belongs to the Heart; these two meridians are exterior-interior pairs that govern menstruation from the lower body. When the blood in these meridians is deficient and exposed to cold-wind, at the onset of menstruation, the blood and qi are agitated by the cold-wind. The conflict between the cold-wind and the blood/qi causes pain.
Menstrual bleeding that persists without stopping is caused by damage to the menstrual blood and deficiency in the Chong Mai and Ren Mai. The Chong Mai and Ren Mai are the "Sea of the Twelve Meridians." The Hand Taiyang Small Intestine meridian and the Hand Shaoyin Heart meridian are exterior-interior pairs governing menstruation. Fatigue damages the meridians, causing deficiency in the Qi of the Chong and Ren vessels, which fails to control the menstrual blood, leading to persistent menstruation. If sexual intercourse occurs while menstruation has not stopped, cold qi enters the zang organs, causing sallow complexion of the body and face, and may also lead to infertility.
Menstrual obstruction (amenorrhea) is caused by fatigue damaging blood and qi, leading to weakness and susceptibility to cold-wind. Cold-wind pathogens lodge in the interior of the uterus, damaging the Chong Mai, Ren Mai, Hand Taiyang, and Hand Shaoyin meridians. This results in internal blockage of the uterine collaterals and obstruction of blood and qi flow. The Chong Mai and Ren Mai originate in the uterus, acting as the "Sea of the Twelve Meridians." The Hand Taiyang Small Intestine and Hand Shaoyin Heart meridians are exterior-interior pairs governing menstruation. Cold-wind damages the blood in the meridians; blood flows freely when warm but becomes stagnant when cold. Constrained by cold, blood coagulates internally, causing menstrual obstruction.
It is also stated: Bowel sounds indicate amenorrhea, with the root cause lying in the Stomach. This is because cold-wind interferes with Stomach Qi. Deficient Stomach Qi cannot separate food and fluids, preventing the generation of Jin-Ye (body fluids) and the formation of blood and qi, thus stopping menstruation.
It is further stated: Sexual activity after intoxication exhausts vital Qi and damages the Liver, causing menstrual scarcity or cessation. This is because the Liver stores blood; excessive fatigue leads to internal depletion of blood and qi.
Additionally, prior hematemesis (vomiting blood), epistaxis (nosebleed), or hematochezia (blood in stool) constitutes "Blood Exhaustion" (Tuo Xue). This depletes blood reserves, also resulting in amenorrhea.
Diarrhea with blood loss also interrupts menstruation because it depletes body fluids. Once diarrhea ceases and fluids regenerate, menstruation resumes naturally.
Palpation of the Kidney pulse revealing a faint and choppy quality indicates difficulty in urination and amenorrhea. A floating pulse at the Chi position behind the Guan on the left hand indicates Yang; if Yang pulses are absent (no Bladder pulse), menstruation will be closed. Furthermore, a Liver pulse that is tight upon deep palpation and similarly so upon superficial palpation, accompanied by occasional dysuria, severe headache and vertigo, lower back and back pain, cold feet with intermittent pain, amenorrhea, and frequent fear, indicates a history of falls or trauma in youth.
Prolonged menstrual obstruction leads to blood stasis forming masses internally, transforming into Blood Jia (abdominal masses) or Blood Zheng syndromes. When blood and water merge, causing stagnation and obstruction, combined with Spleen-Stomach weakness, edema may develop. This occurs because the Spleen corresponds to muscle and is associated with Earth, which controls Water. When blood and water merge, Spleen Qi weakens and fails to control water, allowing water to overflow and soak into muscles, causing swelling and fullness.