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Pediatric patients who suffer from this condition, after taking herbal decoctions, may experience internal heat and toxicity causing restlessness because their gastrointestinal tract is fragile and tender, unable to withstand the medicinal qi; thus it is termed "poisoning" (Zhongdu).

The *Qu Sou* (earwig), approximately one cun in length, has hairs on its body resembling fine bristles, about five or six fen long, with numerous very thin legs, often found dwelling between walls. It is said that when it moves and encounters a person, it urinates onto the person's shadow; where the urine touches the shadow, sores will appear on the corresponding part of the human body. In the general population suffering from this disease, it mostly affects the waist. The initial appearance of the sore is clustered in a ring-like pattern, initially forming nodules (Luoli); small ones are like millet grains, large ones like hemp seeds or beans. They gradually spread and grow larger, encircling the waist, producing pus and forming sores.

Some individuals have flesh-colored growths attached to the skin, indistinguishable in color from normal muscle, sized like wheat or bean grains, called warts (Youzi), also known as wart eyes. There are also cases where three or more grow together. When cut open, the interior resembles tough tendons, with slight bleeding, yet they regenerate. This is mostly caused by wind pathogens lodging in the skin, leading to changes in blood and qi. Therefore, some can be cured with herbal medicine, while others can be cured with magical arts, and they mostly occur on the hands and feet.

When there is heat within the zang-fu organs, hot qi rushes upward to the head, and simultaneously, wind-dampness invades. The damp-heat struggles together, obstructing the flow of blood and qi, thereby generating sores.

Regarding lice, according to the *Treatise on Nine Parasites*, pinworms (Nuochong) undergo various transformations and can become lice. If infants do not comb their hair or bathe regularly, lice will breed. Excessive breeding leads to biting the scalp, eventually causing sores. The area where sores form is where lice gather, termed "louse nests" (Shike). However, some people naturally have a constitution prone to lice infestation.

The manifestation of white alopecia (Baitu) involves white patches peeling off on the scalp, initially resembling tinea, with white scales on top. Over time, scabs form and turn into sores, potentially spreading over the entire head. After washing and scraping off the scabs, the sores on the scalp resemble pinheads, discharging pus from within. There is no pain but slight itching, and sometimes tiny, hard-to-see insects are visible inside. The *Treatise on Nine Parasites* also states: these sores are caused by the activity of pinworms, persisting from childhood to adulthood without healing, resulting in hair loss. Hence, it is called white alopecia.

When the heat in the zang-fu organs is severe, hot qi erupts into the skin, and externally, wind-dampness attacks, struggling with blood and qi, thus generating sores. The presentation begins with redness and raised nodules, followed by pus formation. The condition recurs even as it heals. Sores may appear on the body, on the head and face, or both.