飧泄，完谷不化也。脾胃气衰，不能熟腐水谷，而食物完出。经所谓脾病者，虚则腹满
肠鸣，飧泄不化是也。又清气在下，则生飧泄者，谓阳气虚则下陷也。又风气入脾，亦令飧泄。
夫风者木气也，而行于土中，风性善行，传化疾速，则熟腐不及，经所谓久风入中，为肠风
飧泄是也。又脾所生病，为胸满呕逆飧泄者，亦木气制土之所致也。又虚邪舍于肠胃，多寒
则肠鸣飧泄食不化者，土性喜温而恶寒，多寒则变化无权也。故飧泄之病，约有三端，一曰
虚，二曰风，三曰冷，而皆以虚为本也，亦曰虚泄。
胃风汤 治风冷虚气，入客肠胃，水谷不化，泄泻注下，腹胁虚满，肠鸣 痛。
人参 茯苓 川芎 官桂 当归 白芍 白术（各等分）
每服二钱，水一大盏，粟米百余粒，同煎七分去渣，稍热空心服。若虚劳嗽，加五味子
；若
防风芍药汤 治飧泄脉弦，身热腹痛而渴。
防风 芍药（各二钱） 黄芩（一钱） 苍术（三钱）
水煎服。此治风入脾之法也。
鞠 丸（方见濡泄。）
吴茱萸散（方见肠痹。）
升阳除湿汤 治胃气不升，清气在下，飧泄不已。
苍术（一钱半） 柴胡 升麻 羌活 防风 泽泻 猪苓 神曲（各七分） 麦芽 陈皮（
各五分） 甘草（三分，炙）
水二盏，煎一盏，去滓，空心服。如胃寒肠鸣，加益智仁、半夏（各五分），姜枣同煎。
《灵枢》云∶头有疾，取之足，谓阳病在阴也。足有疾，取之上，谓阴病在阳也。中有
疾，
傍取之，中者脾胃也，傍者少阳甲胆也。脾胃有疾，取之足少阳甲胆也。甲风木也，东方春
也。胃中真气者，谷气也。饮食不化，谷气下流者，湿胜故也。故曰，湿多成五泄，宜助甲
胆风以克之。又是升阳助清气上行之法也。大抵此症，本胃弱不能克化，夺食少食，欲使胃
气不困也。若药剂大，则胃不胜药，泄亦不止，当渐渐与之，不可多服饵也。
经云∶飧泄取三阴。三阴者，太阴也。宜补中益气汤去当归，加白芍。东垣云∶清气在
下者
，乃人之脾胃气衰，不能升发阳气，故用升麻、柴胡，助甘辛之味，以引元气之升，不令下
陷为飧泄也。
加味四君子汤 治气虚泄泻。
四君子加肉豆蔻（煨） 诃子（泡，各一钱） 姜枣煎。一方加缩砂、藿香、炮姜各五分，
山药、莲子、陈皮各一钱，乌梅一个，名参苓莲术散。
Sunchang diarrhea (diarrhea with undigested food) refers to the passage of stool containing uncooked food. This occurs because the Qi of the Spleen and Stomach is deficient, failing to adequately decompose and transform water and grain, resulting in food being excreted intact. As stated in the Classics regarding diseases of the Spleen, deficiency syndromes manifest as abdominal fullness, borborygmus, and Sunchang diarrhea with undigested food. Furthermore, "when clear Yang fails to ascend and remains below, Sunchang diarrhea arises," meaning that when Yang Qi is deficient, it sinks downward. Additionally, Wind pathogen invading the Spleen can also cause Sunchang diarrhea. Wind belongs to Wood Qi and moves within Earth (the Spleen); since Wind has a nature of rapid movement and transmission, transformation occurs too quickly for food to be fully decomposed. The Classics state, "Long-standing Wind entering the interior causes Intestinal Wind and Sunchang diarrhea." Moreover, diseases generated by the Spleen include chest fullness, vomiting and rebellious Qi, and Sunchang diarrhea, which are caused by Wood Qi overacting on Earth. Also, when Empty Pathogens reside in the intestines and stomach, excessive Cold leads to borborygmus, Sunchang diarrhea, and indigestion, because Earth favors warmth and dislikes Cold; excessive Cold renders the transformative power ineffective. Therefore, Sunchang diarrhea can be categorized into three aspects: one is Deficiency, two is Wind, and three is Cold, but all are rooted in Deficiency, hence also called Deficient Diarrhea.
Weifeng Tang (Stomach Wind Decoction): Treats Wind-Cold and Deficient Qi lodging in the intestines and stomach, causing failure to digest water and grain, urgent watery diarrhea, empty fullness in the abdomen and hypochondrium, and painful borborygmus.
Ingredients: Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Fuling (Poria), Chuanxiong (Ligusticum Rhizome), Guigui (Cinnamon Twig), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Baishao (White Peony Root), Baizhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma) (equal parts).
Administration: Take 2 qian per dose, add one large cup of water and over 100 grains of millet, decoct together until reduced to 7/10 volume, strain, and drink slightly warm on an empty stomach. If accompanied by deficiency consumptive cough, add Wuweizi (Schisandrae Fructus).
Fangfeng Shaoyao Tang (Saposhnikovia and Peony Decoction): Treats Sunchang diarrhea with a wiry pulse, fever, abdominal pain, and thirst.
Ingredients: Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Shaoyao (Peony Root) (each 2 qian), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) (1 qian), Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma) (3 qian).
Administration: Decoct in water and take orally. This is a method for treating Wind invading the Spleen.
Ju Wan (Chrysanthemum Pill) (Formula see under Runxie).
Wuzhuyu San (Evodia Powder) (Formula see under Changbi).
Shengyang Chishi Tang (Raise Yang and Dampness-Draining Decoction): Treats failure of Stomach Qi to ascend, clear Yang remaining below, leading to persistent Sunchang diarrhea.
Ingredients: Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma) (1.5 qian), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma), Zhuling (Polyporus), Shenqu (Massa Medicata Fermentata) (each 0.7 qian), Maiya (Hordei Fructus Germinatus), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) (each 0.5 qian), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) (0.3 qian, honey-fried).
Administration: Add two cups of water, decoct to one cup, strain, and take on an empty stomach. If accompanied by Stomach Cold and borborygmus, add Yizhiren (Alpinia Oxyphylla Fructus) and Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma) (each 0.5 qian), decoct with Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) and Dazao (Jujubae Fructus).
The *Lingshu* states: "Diseases of the head are treated by points on the feet," referring to Yang diseases affecting Yin meridians; "Diseases of the feet are treated by points above," referring to Yin diseases affecting Yang meridians. Diseases within the center are treated by points on the sides; "Center" refers to the Spleen and Stomach, and "Side" refers to the Shaoyang Gallbladder meridian. For diseases of the Spleen and Stomach, points on the Foot-Shaoyang Gallbladder meridian should be selected. Jia (Yang) represents Wood, corresponding to the East and Spring. The true Qi in the Stomach is Grain Qi. When food is not digested and Grain Qi flows downward, it is due to excess Dampness. Thus, it is said, "Excess Dampness leads to the five types of diarrhea"; one should assist the Wind-Wood of the Jia-Gallbladder to overcome it. This is also a method of raising Yang and assisting the ascent of Clear Yang. Generally, this condition stems from weak Stomach function unable to digest; reducing food intake or eating less prevents the Stomach Qi from being constrained. If the medicinal dosage is too large, the Stomach cannot tolerate the medicine, and diarrhea will not cease; medication should be administered gradually, avoiding large doses.
The Classics state: "For Sunchang diarrhea, select the Three Yin meridians." The Three Yin refers to the Taiyin meridian. It is appropriate to use Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi Decoction) removing Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) and adding Baishao (White Peony Root). Li Dongyuan stated: "Clear Yang remaining below" results from the deficiency of Spleen and Stomach Qi, which fails to raise Yang Qi. Therefore, Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma) and Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix) are used to assist sweet and acrid flavors to guide Yuan Qi upward, preventing it from sinking and causing Sunchang diarrhea.
Jiawei Sijunzi Tang (Modified Four Gentlemen Decoction): Treats diarrhea due to Qi deficiency.
Ingredients: Sijunzi Tang plus Rou Doukou (Myristicae Semen, roasted), Hezi (Terminalia Chebulae Fructus, soaked) (each 1 qian), decoct with Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) and Dazao (Jujubae Fructus). Another prescription adds Suisha (Amomi Fructus Rotundus), Huoxiang (Agastaches Herba), Paojiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Preparatum) (each 0.5 qian), Shanyao (Dioscoreae Rhizoma), Lianzi (Nelumbinis Semen), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) (each 1 qian), and Wumei (Mume Fructus) (one piece), named Shenling Lianzhu San (Ginseng, Poria, Lotus Seed, and Atractylodes Powder).