肺合大肠,大肠者传道之腑。心合小肠,小肠者受盛之腑。肝合胆,胆者清净之腑。脾
合胃,胃者五谷之腑。肾合膀胱,膀胱者津液之腑。少阴属肾,上连肺,故将两脏。三焦
者,中渎之腑,水道出焉,属膀胱,是孤之腑。此六腑之所合者也。
《素问》曰∶夫脑、髓、骨、脉、胆、女子胞,此六者,地气之所生也。皆藏于阴,象
于地,故藏而不泻,名曰奇恒之府。胃、大肠、小肠、三焦、膀胱,此五者,天气之所生也
。其气象天,故泻而不藏,此受五脏浊气,名曰传化之府。此不能久留,输泻者也。魄门亦
为五脏使,水谷不得久藏。五脏者,藏精气而不泻,故满而不能实。六腑者,传化物而不藏
,故实而不能满。水谷入口,则胃实而肠虚,食下则肠实而胃虚,故实而不满,满而不实也
。气口何以独为五脏主?胃者,水谷之海,六腑之大源也。(称六腑虽少错,于理相发为佳。
)
肝胆为合,故足厥阴与少阳为表里。脾胃为合,故足太阴与阳明为表里。肾膀胱
为合,故足少阴与太阳为表里。心与小肠为合,故手少阴与太阳为表里。肺与大肠为合,
故手太阴与阳明为表里。
五脏者,肺为之盖,巨肩陷,咽喉见于外。心为之主,缺盆之道, (音滑)骨有
余,以候内 (音曷干)。肝为之主将,使之候外,欲知坚固,视目大小。脾主为
胃(《九墟》《太素》作卫),使之迎粮,视唇舌好恶,以知吉凶。肾者主为外,使之远听,
视耳好恶,以知其性。六腑者,胃为之海,广骸(《太素》作HT )大颈张胸,五谷乃容。
鼻隧以长,以候大肠。唇浓人中长,以候小肠。目下裹大,其胆乃横。鼻孔在外,膀胱漏泄
。鼻柱中央起,三焦乃约。此所以候六腑也。上下三等,脏安且良矣。
The Lung corresponds to the Large Intestine, which is the Fu-organ of transmission. The Heart corresponds to the Small Intestine, which is the Fu-organ of reception and containment. The Liver corresponds to the Gallbladder, which is the Fu-organ of purity and clarity. The Spleen corresponds to the Stomach, which is the Fu-organ receiving the five grains. The Kidney corresponds to the Bladder, which is the Fu-organ storing body fluids (Jin-Ye). The Shaoyin channel belongs to the Kidney and connects upward to the Lung; thus, it governs both Zang-organs. The Sanjiao (Triple Burner) is the Fu-organ of mid-level channels, through which water pathways emerge; it belongs to the Bladder and is the solitary Fu-organ. These constitute the correspondences of the six Fu-organs.
The *Suwen* states: The brain, marrow, bones, vessels, gallbladder, and uterus in women are these six organs, generated by Earth Qi. They all store Yin and resemble the Earth; therefore, they store essence without excreting, named the Marrow-like Fu-organs (Qi Heng Zhi Fu - organs that resemble Fu in structure but function like Zang). The Stomach, Large Intestine, Small Intestine, Sanjiao (Triple Burner), and Bladder are these five organs, generated by Heaven Qi. Their nature resembles Heaven; therefore, they excrete without storing. These receive turbid Qi from the five Zang-organs and are named the Transmission and Transformation Fu-orgins (Chuan Hua Zhi Fu). They cannot retain contents for long and serve to transport and excrete. The Po Gate (anus) also serves as an attendant to the five Zang-organs, preventing food and water from being stored for too long. The five Zang-organs store essence and Qi without excreting, thus remaining full but not solidly obstructed. The six Fu-organs transmit transformed substances without storing, thus becoming solid temporarily but never fully full. When food and water enter the mouth, the Stomach becomes solid while the intestines are empty; when food descends, the intestines become solid while the Stomach is empty. Thus, the Fu-organs are "solid but not full," while the Zang-organs are "full but not solid." Why does the Cun Kou pulse alone serve as the master for diagnosing the five Zang-organs? Because the Stomach is the sea of food and water and the great source of the six Fu-organs. (Although referring to five or six Fu-organs may seem erroneous, it is beneficial for theoretical clarification.)
The Liver and Gallbladder correspond; therefore, the Foot Jueyin Liver channel and the Foot Shaoyang Gallbladder channel are interior-exterior pairs. The Spleen and Stomach correspond; therefore, the Foot Taiyin Spleen channel and the Foot Yangming Stomach channel are interior-exterior pairs. The Kidney and Bladder correspond; therefore, the Foot Shaoyin Kidney channel and the Foot Yangming Bladder channel are interior-exterior pairs. The Heart and Small Intestine correspond; therefore, the Hand Shaoyin Heart channel and the Hand Taiyang Small Intestine channel are interior-exterior pairs. The Lung and Large Intestine correspond; therefore, the Hand Taiyin Lung channel and the Hand Yangming Large Intestine channel are interior-exterior pairs.
Among the five Zang-organs, the Lung acts as a canopy; if the shoulders are broad and sunken, the throat will be visible externally. The Heart is the ruler; the Quepen (supraclavicular fossa) is the pathway; if the cheekbones are prominent, one can observe internal conditions. The Liver is the general, managing external adaptation; to know its firmness, observe the size of the eyes. The Spleen protects the Stomach (written as 'Wei' in *Jiuxu* and *Taisu*), receiving grain for it; observing the condition of the lips and tongue reveals auspiciousness or inauspiciousness. The Kidney governs external perception, enabling distant hearing; observing the ears reveals its nature. Among the six Fu-organs, the Stomach is the sea; if the skeleton is broad, the neck thick, and the chest expanded, it can contain the five grains. A long nasal passage indicates the state of the Large Intestine. Thick lips and a long philtrum indicate the state of the Small Intestine. Full lower eyelids indicate the Gallbladder. Exposed nostrils indicate leakage of the Bladder. A raised central nasal column indicates the constraint of the Sanjiao (Triple Burner). This is how the six Fu-organs are observed. If the three levels (upper, middle, lower) are balanced, the Zang-organs are safe and healthy.