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The sinew channel of Foot-Taiyang originates from the dorsum of the little toe, binds at the ankle, and obliquely ascends to bind at the knee. Its descending branch arises from the lateral aspect of the foot, binds at the calcaneus (heel), ascends along the Achilles tendon, and another branch enters to bind at the root of the tongue. Its straight branch binds at the occiput, ascends to the head, descends to the forehead (another version reads "face"), and binds at the nose. Its collateral branch constitutes the upper eyelid margin, descending to bind at the nasal cavity (in *Ling Shu*, written as a specific character). Its lower collateral branch arises from the posterior-lateral aspect of the axilla, binding at the shoulder. Another branch enters the axilla, emerges from the Clavicular fossa (Quepen), and ascends to bind at the Occipital bone (Wangu). Another branch emerges from the Clavicular fossa, obliquely ascends into the nasal cavity. Pathological manifestations include pain in the little toe and heel (another version: pain in the little toe and heel), spasms, opisthotonos (spasm of the back muscles causing backward bending), stiffness of the neck tendons, inability to lift the shoulder, pulling pain in the axilla and Clavicular fossa, and immobility of the trunk. Treatment involves burning needle puncture (Fanzhen Jiesi), with the number of applications determined by when symptoms improve, using the painful point as the acupoint. This condition is named Zhongchun Bi (Mid-Spring Obstruction).

The sinew channel of Foot-Shaoyang originates from the dorsum of the fourth toe, binds at the lateral malleolus, and ascends along the lateral aspect of the leg to bind at the lateral knee. Its collateral branch arises separately from the lateral fibula, ascends to the thigh; the anterior part binds at the Futu area, and the posterior part binds at the sacrococcygeal region. Its straight branch ascends to the costal margin, moves up to the anterior-lateral aspect of the axilla, connects with the chest and breast, and binds at the Clavicular fossa. The straight branch emerges from the axilla, passes through the Clavicular fossa, emerges anterior to the Foot-Taiyang sinew channel, follows the ear posteriorly, ascends to the frontal angle, intersects at the vertex, descends to the mandible, and ascends to bind at the nasal cavity. Its collateral branch binds at the outer canthus, called "Outer Dimension" (Waiwei). Pathological manifestations include twitching and spasms leading from the fourth toe to the lateral knee, inability to flex or extend the knee, stiffness of the popliteal tendon, anterior traction to the thigh, posterior traction to the sacrum, pain at the costal margin, upward traction to the Clavicular fossa, chest, breast, and neck. Stiffness of the Outer Dimension tendon causes contralateral symptoms: injury on the left affects the right eye (right eye cannot open). The pathogenic qi ascends to the right frontal angle, runs parallel with the Yangqiao and Yinqiao vessels, and the left collateral network connects to the right. Thus, injury to the left frontal angle results in dysfunction of the right foot. This is named Weijin Xiangjiao (Crossed Connection of the Outer Dimension Tendon). Treatment involves burning needle puncture, with the number of applications determined by symptom improvement, using the painful point as the acupoint. This condition is named Mengchun Bi (Early-Spring Obstruction).

The sinew channel of Foot-Yangming originates from the middle three toes, binds at the dorsum of the foot, obliquely ascends laterally to the fibula, binds at the lateral knee, ascends straight to the hip joint pivot, and ascends along the flanks to connect with the spine. Its straight branch ascends along the abdomen, binding at the knee. Its collateral branch binds at the lateral fibula, combining with the Foot-Shaoyang sinew channel. Its straight branch ascends along the Futu area, binds at the thigh, gathers at the genitalia, spreads over the abdomen, binds at the Clavicular fossa, ascends to the neck and beside the mouth, combines at the nasal cavity, binds downward at the nose, and ascends to combine with the Foot-Taiyang sinew channel. Foot-Taiyang forms the upper eyelid margin, while Foot-Yangming forms the lower eyelid margin. Its collateral branch arises from the cheek, binding at the preauricular area. Pathological manifestations include twitching and spasms leading from the middle toe to the calf, jumping hardness of the foot, spasms at Futu, swelling of the anterior thigh, hernia, abdominal tendon stiffness, traction to the Clavicular fossa and cheek, sudden facial deviation (Koupi). In stiff cases, the eyes cannot close; in heat cases, tendons become flaccid and weak, preventing eye opening. Cold in the cheek tendons causes stiffness and traction leading to facial deviation; heat causes flaccidity and weakness, also leading to deviation. Treatment uses horse fat plaster applied to the stiff side, and cinnamon mixed with white wine applied to the flaccid side. A mulberry wood hook is used for traction. Heat therapy is applied using a pit filled with live mulberry ash, depth equal to sitting height, warming the stiff cheek. The patient should drink fine wine and eat roasted meat (non-drinkers should force themselves). Three patting sessions are sufficient. Burning needle puncture is also used, targeting painful points. This condition is named Jichun Bi (Late-Spring Obstruction).

The sinew channel of Foot-Taiyin originates from the medial end of the great toe, ascending to bind at the medial malleolus. Its straight branch ascends to connect with the medial condyle of the tibia. It ascends along the medial thigh, binds at the thigh, gathers at the genitalia, ascends to the abdomen to bind at the umbilicus, travels within the abdomen, binds at the ribs, and scatters in the chest. Its internal branch attaches to the spine. Pathological manifestations include pain in the great toe and medial malleolus, spasms, pain at the medial tibial condyle, pain leading from the medial thigh to the thigh, pulling pain at the genitalia, upward pain at the umbilicus and hypochondrium, and pain in the chest and along the spine. Treatment involves burning needle puncture, with the number of applications determined by symptom improvement, using the painful point as the acupoint. This condition is named Mengqiu Bi (Early-Autumn Obstruction).

The sinew channel of Foot-Shaoyin originates below the little toe, enters the sole of the foot, runs alongside the Foot-Taiyin sinew channel obliquely to the inferior medial malleolus, and binds at the ankle-heel junction, merging with the bony structures and sinews of Foot-Taiyang. Pathological manifestations include plantar spasms and pain/spasms at all sites of passage and binding. Internal involvement primarily causes epilepsy and convulsions; external involvement prevents flexion; internal involvement prevents extension. Thus, Yang channel disease causes opisthotonos (inability to flex), and Yin channel disease causes inability to extend. Treatment involves burning needle puncture, with the number of applications determined by symptom improvement, using the painful point as the acupoint. For internal cases, moxibustion/heat therapy, traction, and herbal medicine are used. If the sinew undergoes severe twisting and frequent attacks, it is fatal and untreatable. This condition is named Zhongqiu Bi (Mid-Autumn Obstruction).

The sinew channel of Foot-Jueyin originates from the dorsum of the great toe, binds anterior to the medial malleolus, ascends along the Chong vessel, binds inferior to the medial tibial condyle, ascends along the medial thigh, binds at the genitalia, and networks with other sinew channels (another version reads "sinews"). Pathological manifestations include pain in the great toe and anterior medial malleolus, pain at the medial tibial condyle, medial thigh pain, spasms, dysfunction of the genitalia. Injury to internal heat causes impotence; injury to cold causes retraction of the penis; injury to heat causes flaccid protrusion without retraction. Treatment involves promoting urination and cleansing the genitalia. For spasms, treatment involves burning needle puncture, with the number of applications determined by symptom improvement, using the painful point as the acupoint. This condition is named Jiqiu Bi (Late-Autumn Obstruction).

The sinew channel of Hand-Taiyang originates from the dorsum of the little finger, binds at the wrist, ascends along the medial arm, binds posterior to the medial epicondyle of the humerus (radial notch area), where stimulation responds in the little finger, and enters to bind in the axilla. Its collateral branch arises from the posterior axilla, runs along the posterior-lateral aspect of the arm, ascends around the lateral shoulder, reaches the scapula, follows the neck emerging anterior to the Foot-Taiyang sinew channel, and binds at the Occipital bone (Wangu) behind the ear. Its collateral branch enters the ear. The straight branch emerges above the ear, descends to bind superior to the mandible, and connects with the outer canthus. Pathological manifestations include pain in the little finger, elbow medial epicondyle posterior aspect, medial arm, axilla, posterior axilla, scapular region, neck, ear ringing/pain, and mandible. If swelling occurs, repeatedly press the radial notch area. This condition is named Zhongxia Bi (Mid-Summer Obstruction). (Original text includes an additional paragraph regarding a branch ascending to Quya, following the ear anteriorly, connecting to the outer canthus, ascending to the mandible, binding at the frontal angle, causing spasms at affected sites, treated with burning needle puncture at painful points).

The sinew channel of Hand-Shaoyang originates from the tip of the ring finger, binds at the wrist, ascends along the arm, binds at the elbow, ascends around the lateral shoulder, moves up the neck, and combines with Hand-Taiyang. Its collateral branch ascends to the angle of the jaw, entering to tie at the root of the tongue. Another collateral branch ascends to Quya, follows the ear anteriorly, connects with the outer canthus, ascends to the mandible, and binds at the frontal angle. Pathological manifestations include twitching and spasms at sites of passage, and tongue retraction. Treatment involves burning needle puncture, with the number of applications determined by symptom improvement, using the painful point as the acupoint. This condition is named Jixia Bi (Late-Summer Obstruction).

The sinew channel of Hand-Yangming originates from the tip of the index finger, binds at the wrist, ascends along the arm, binds at the elbow, ascends around the shoulder to bind at the neck. Its collateral branch winds around the scapula, flanking the spine. Its straight branch rises from the shoulder to the neck. Its collateral branch ascends to the cheek, binding at the nasal cavity. Its straight branch emerges anterior to Hand-Taiyang, ascends to the left frontal angle, networks the head, and descends to the right mandible. Pathological manifestations include twitching and pain at sites of passage, inability to lift the shoulder, and inability to turn the head left or right. Treatment involves burning needle puncture, with the number of applications determined by symptom improvement, using the painful point as the acupoint. This condition is named Mengxia Bi (Early-Summer Obstruction).

The sinew channel of Hand-Taiyin originates from the dorsum of the thumb, ascends along the finger, binds posterior to the Thenar eminence (Yuji), runs along the lateral aspect of the Cun Kou pulse, ascends along the arm, binds at the elbow, ascends along the medial arm, enters the axilla, emerges from the Clavicular fossa, binds at the anterior shoulder (Naoshu area), ascends to bind at the Clavicular fossa, descends to bind in the chest interior, scatters across the diaphragm, combines with the hypochondrium, and reaches the costal margin. Pathological manifestations include twitching and pain at sites of passage. Severe cases develop Xiben disease (accumulation in the chest/lung), with hypochondriac stiffness and hemoptysis. Treatment involves burning needle puncture, with the number of applications determined by symptom improvement, using the painful point as the acupoint. This condition is named Zhongdong Bi (Mid-Winter Obstruction).

The sinew channel of Hand-Jueyin (Pericardium) originates from the middle finger, running parallel with Hand-Taiyin, binds at the medial elbow, ascends along the medial arm, binds in the axilla, and descends to scatter anteriorly and posteriorly flanking the hypochondrium. Its collateral branch enters the axilla, scatters in the chest, and binds at the sternum (Danzhong). Pathological manifestations include twitching and pain at sites of passage, chest pain, and Xiben. Treatment involves burning needle puncture, with the number of applications determined by symptom improvement, using the painful point as the acupoint. This condition is named Mengdong Bi (Early-Winter Obstruction).

The sinew channel of Hand-Shaoyin originates from the medial side of the little finger, binds at the pisiform bone (Duigǔ), ascends to bind at the medial elbow, enters the axilla, crosses Hand-Taiyin, flanks the inner breast, binds in the chest, follows the diaphragm downward, and ties at the umbilicus. Pathological manifestations include internal stiffness, with Heart supporting Fu Liang (a subdiaphragmatic mass) below, forming the Elbow Cord. Twitching and pain occur at sites of passage. Treatment involves burning needle puncture, with the number of applications determined by symptom improvement, using the painful point as the acupoint. If Fu Liang develops with expectoration of pus and blood, it is fatal and untreatable. Generally, sinew channel diseases caused by cold result in opisthotonos and tendon stiffness; those caused by heat result in tendon flaccidity and laxity, impotence, and dysfunction. Yang stiffness causes opisthotonos; Yin stiffness prevents flexion. Burning needle puncture (Cui Ci) treats cold-induced stiffness. For heat-induced flaccidity, burning needles should not be used. This condition is named Jidong Bi (Late-Winter Obstruction).

For Hand-Yangming and Hand-Taiyang, tendon stiffness causes facial deviation (Koupi) and ocular stiffness preventing sudden vision. Treatment for these conditions follows the methods described above.