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Hand-Taiyin (Lung) Meridian: When the meridian undergoes pathological changes, it causes lung distension and fullness, bloating with wheezing and coughing, pain in the supraclavicular fossa (Quepen), and in severe cases, crossing both hands over the chest accompanied by mental confusion; this is termed "Arm Jue" (Arm Reversal). This meridian governs diseases originating from the Lung, such as cough, qi rebellion, asthma, thirst, vexation, chest fullness, pain or cold sensation along the anterior medial aspect of the arm, and heat in the palm. If Lung Qi is excessive, symptoms include shoulder and back pain, susceptibility to wind-cold with sweating, and frequent but scanty urination. If Lung Qi is deficient, symptoms include cold pain in the shoulder and back, shortness of breath, and altered urine color. In pulse diagnosis, excess conditions present with the Cun Kou pulse being three times larger than the Ren Ying pulse, while deficiency conditions present with the Cun Kou pulse smaller than the Ren Ying pulse.

Hand-Yangming (Large Intestine) Meridian: When the meridian undergoes pathological changes, it causes toothache and neck swelling. This meridian governs diseases related to fluid metabolism, such as yellow eyes, dry mouth, rhinorrhea or epistaxis, throat obstruction, pain in the anterior shoulder, and pain or dysfunction of the thumb and index finger. If Qi is excessive, there is heat and swelling along the meridian pathway; if deficient, there is chills that are difficult to resolve. In pulse diagnosis, excess conditions present with the Ren Ying pulse three times larger than the Cun Kou pulse, while deficiency conditions present with the Ren Ying pulse smaller than the Cun Kou pulse.

Foot-Yangming (Stomach) Meridian: When the meridian undergoes pathological changes, it causes aversion to cold with shivering, frequent groaning and yawning, and a dark facial complexion. Upon onset, patients may fear people and fire, startle at the sound of wood, feel palpitations, prefer to stay alone with doors and windows closed; in severe cases, they may climb high to sing, strip naked and run, experience abdominal rumbling and distension; this is termed "Jue". This meridian governs blood-related diseases, such as mania, malaria, warm pathogens causing sweating, rhinorrhea or epistaxis, oral ulcers, neck swelling, throat obstruction, massive abdominal edema, knee and patella swelling, pain along the chest, breast, groin, anterior-lateral thigh, and dorsum of the foot, and dysfunction of the middle toe. If Qi is excessive, the anterior body feels hot; gastric excess leads to rapid digestion and hunger, and yellow urine. If Qi is deficient, the anterior body feels cold and chilly; gastric cold leads to distension. In pulse diagnosis, excess conditions present with the Ren Ying pulse three times larger than the Cun Kou pulse, while deficiency conditions present with the Ren Ying pulse smaller than the Cun Kou pulse.

Foot-Taiyin (Spleen) Meridian: When the meridian undergoes pathological changes, it causes stiffness of the tongue root, vomiting after eating, epigastric pain, abdominal distension, frequent belching, relief after defecation or passing gas, and heaviness of the body. This meridian governs diseases originating from the Spleen, such as tongue root pain, inability to move the body, difficulty eating, vexation, urgent pain in the epigastrium, loose stools or diarrhea with undigested food and water, jaundice, inability to lie down, swelling or cold sensation in the inner thighs and knees when standing forcibly, and dysfunction of the big toe. In pulse diagnosis, excess conditions present with the Cun Kou pulse three times larger than the Ren Ying pulse, while deficiency conditions present with the Cun Kou pulse smaller than the Ren Ying pulse.

Hand-Shaoyin (Heart) Meridian: When the meridian undergoes pathological changes, it causes dry throat, heart pain, thirst with desire to drink; this is termed "Arm Jue". This meridian governs diseases originating from the Heart, such as yellow eyes, flank pain, pain or cold sensation along the posterior medial aspect of the arm, and internal heat/pain in the chest. In pulse diagnosis, excess conditions present with the Cun Kou pulse two times larger than the Ren Ying pulse, while deficiency conditions present with the Cun Kou pulse smaller than the Ren Ying pulse.

Hand-Taiyang (Small Intestine) Meridian: When the meridian undergoes pathological changes, it causes sore throat, submandibular swelling, inability to turn the head, shoulder pain feeling like pulling, and elbow pain feeling like breaking. This meridian governs diseases related to body fluids, such as deafness, yellow eyes, cheek swelling, and pain in the neck, jaw, shoulder, elbow, and lateral-posterior arm. In pulse diagnosis, excess conditions present with the Ren Ying pulse two times larger than the Cun Kou pulse, while deficiency conditions present with the Ren Ying pulse smaller than the Cun Kou pulse.

Foot-Taiyang (Bladder) Meridian: When the meridian undergoes pathological changes, it causes headache striking upwards, eyes feeling like they are falling out, neck feeling like being pulled, spinal pain, waist feeling like breaking, sacral pain feeling like binding, anal pain feeling like tearing; this is termed "Ankle Jue". This meridian governs diseases of the sinews, such as hemorrhoids, malaria, mania, epilepsy, occipital and neck pain, yellow eyes, abnormal urination, rhinorrhea or epistaxis, pain in the neck, waist, sacrum, and feet, and dysfunction of the little toe. In pulse diagnosis, excess conditions present with the Ren Ying pulse two times larger than the Cun Kou pulse, while deficiency conditions present with the Ren Ying pulse smaller than the Cun Kou pulse.

Foot-Shaoyin (Kidney) Meridian: When the meridian undergoes pathological changes, it causes hunger without desire to eat, face black as charcoal, hemoptysis upon coughing, wheezing with sound, restlessness wanting to rise from sitting, visual disturbances as if seeing nothing, heart feeling empty like hunger; if Kidney Qi is deficient, there is fearfulness, palpitations as if being hunted; this is termed "Bone Jue". This meridian governs diseases originating from the Kidney, such as mouth heat, dry tongue, swollen throat, qi rebellion with dry/painful throat, vexation, heart pain, jaundice, dysentery, pain in the posterior-medial spine and thigh, flaccidity syndrome, cold limbs, lethargy, and heat/pain in the soles. In pulse diagnosis, excess conditions present with the Cun Kou pulse two times larger than the Ren Ying pulse, while deficiency conditions present with the Cun Kou pulse smaller than the Ren Ying pulse.

Hand-Jueyin (Pericardium) Meridian: When the meridian undergoes pathological changes, it causes heat in the palms, spasms in the arms and elbows, axillary swelling, chest/hypochondriac fullness, palpitations, red face, yellow eyes, and incessant laughter. This meridian governs diseases of the vessels, such as vexation, heart pain, and heat in the palms. In pulse diagnosis, excess conditions present with the Cun Kou pulse one time larger than the Ren Ying pulse, while deficiency conditions present with the Cun Kou pulse smaller than the Ren Ying pulse.

Hand-Shaoyang (Sanjiao/Triple Burner) Meridian: When the meridian undergoes pathological changes, it causes deafness, muffled hearing, swollen throat, and throat obstruction. This meridian governs diseases related to Qi, such as sweating, pain in the lateral canthus, and pain in the post-auricular region, shoulder, elbow, and lateral arm, with dysfunction of the ring and little fingers. In pulse diagnosis, excess conditions present with the Ren Ying pulse one time larger than the Cun Kou pulse, while deficiency conditions present with the Ren Ying pulse smaller than the Cun Kou pulse.

Foot-Shaoyang (Gallbladder) Meridian: When the meridian undergoes pathological changes, it causes bitter taste, frequent sighing, hypochondriac pain, inability to turn the body, dark/dusty complexion, lack of luster in the body, and heat on the lateral foot; this is termed "Yang Jue". This meridian governs diseases of the bones, such as pain in the temporal region and jaw, lateral canthus pain, supraclavicular swelling, axillary swelling, scrofula (mar knife and sleeve goiter), chills with sweating, malaria, pain in the chest, ribs, hip, lateral knee, tibia, fibula head, lateral ankle, and various joints, with dysfunction of the ring and little fingers. In pulse diagnosis, excess conditions present with the Ren Ying pulse one time larger than the Cun Kou pulse, while deficiency conditions present with the Ren Ying pulse smaller than the Cun Kou pulse.

Foot-Jueyin (Liver) Meridian: When the meridian undergoes pathological changes, it causes lower back pain preventing bending/straightening, hernia in men, lower abdominal swelling in women, dry throat, and dark/dull complexion in severe cases. This meridian governs diseases originating from the Liver, such as chest fullness, vomiting/reversal of Qi, undigested diarrhea, fox hernia, enuresis, or urinary retention. In pulse diagnosis, excess conditions present with the Cun Kou pulse one time larger than the Ren Ying pulse, while deficiency conditions present with the Cun Kou pulse smaller than the Ren Ying pulse.

For diseases of these twelve meridians, excess conditions are treated with draining methods, deficiency conditions with tonifying methods [Note: Original text says "draining for deficiency," likely a textual error for "tonifying"]. Heat conditions are treated with rapid needle manipulation, cold conditions with retained needles, sinking/collapsed Qi with moxibustion, and neither-excess-nor-deficiency conditions are treated by selecting points from the affected meridian itself.