\r背俞部中行十三穴\pf-f11.bmp\r
大椎一穴。（一作 。）在第一椎上陷者宛宛中。针五分。留三呼。泻五吸。灸以年为壮
（明云∶日灸七壮至七七壮。）甲乙云、大椎下至尾 骨二十一椎。长三尺。折量取俞穴。
既曰大椎。又曰在第一椎上陷中。必是二穴。非二穴则不言在第一椎上矣。此大椎第一
以异也。但铜人云、大椎在第一椎上陷中。诸经皆同。惟明堂下经云在第一椎下。陶道穴既
在第一椎下。不应大椎亦在第一椎下。必是下经误写上字作下字也。考之下经。亦言陶道穴
在大椎节下。与铜人合。足见其误写上字作下无疑矣。
陶道在大椎节下间。俯而取之。灸五壮。针五分。
身柱在第三椎节下间。针五分。灸七七壮。明云、五壮。下云、三壮。
神道在五椎节下间。俯而取之。灸七七壮。止百壮。小儿风痫螈 。可灸七壮。明云
、针五分。灸三壮。下云、五壮。
灵台在六椎节下间。俯而取之。经阙疗病法。出素问。
至阳在七椎节下间。俯而取之。针五分。灸三壮。明下云、七壮。
筋缩在九椎节下间。俯而取之。针五分。灸三壮。明下云、七壮。
脊中一名神宗。在十一椎节下间。俯而取之。禁灸。灸令人腰背伛偻。针五分。得气即
明堂作脊俞。一名脊中。在十一椎中央。接脊在十二椎下节间。（下经治小儿疳脱肛。）
悬枢在十三椎节下间。伏而取之。针三分。灸三壮。明云、在十二椎下节间。下云、
十一椎下。
铜人云、悬枢在十三椎节下间，明堂上经作十二椎节间。下经作十一椎下。脊中穴既在
十一
椎下。不应悬枢又在十一椎下。固知其误矣。考之素问。亦与铜人同。当以铜人为正。明堂
上经亦误三字作二字也。要之、接脊穴在十二椎节下尔。
命门一名属累。在十四椎节下间。伏而取之。（明作俯而取之。）针五分。灸三壮。
阳关在十六椎下间。伏而取之。针五分。灸三壮。阙疗病法。出素问。
腰俞一名背解。一名髓孔。一名腰柱。一名腰户。在二十一椎节下间宛宛中。以挺腹地
舒身
。两手相重支额。纵四体后乃取其穴。针八分。留三呼。泻五吸。灸七壮至七七壮。忌房劳
举重强力。
甲乙云、针二寸。留七呼。灸七七壮。明云、三壮。下云、五壮。素注云、针一分。新
校正云、按甲乙经作二寸。水热穴注亦可二寸。气府论注、骨空论注作一分。一名髓空。
长强一名气之阴 。督脉络别。其穴跗地取之。甲乙云、在脊 端。针三分。转针以
大痛
为度。其穴跗地取之乃得。灸不及针。日三十壮。止二百。此痔根本是冷。忌冷食房劳。甲
乙云、针二寸。留七呼。明下云、五壮。
自大椎至腰俞。长同身寸三尺。折量取穴。（甲）
有里医言∶凡灸椎骨。当灸骨节突处方验。灸节下当骨无验。以鱼肉骨参之。其言为可
信。盍根据其言。当骨节灸之。
Thirteen Acupoints on the Midline of the Back-Shu Region
Dazhui (GV14, Great Vertebra) is one acupoint. (Another reading is "on the first vertebra"). It is located in the depression above the first vertebra, feeling rounded and full. Needle depth: 5 fen. Retain needle for three breaths (hu). For reducing method, inhale five times. Moxibustion dosage is based on age in years (i.e., number of moxa cones equal to age). (Wang Mingtang states: Moxa seven cones daily up to 7x7=49 cones.) *Jia Yi Jing* (Systematic Classic of Acupuncture and Moxibustion) states: From Dazhui to the coccyx, there are twenty-one vertebral segments. The total length is three chi. Use proportional measurement to locate Shu points.
Since it is called Dazhui, yet described as being in the depression above the first vertebra, they must be two different acupoints. If not two points, it would not say "above the first vertebra." This distinguishes Dazhui from others. However, *Tong Ren Shu Xue Zhen Jiu Tu Jing* (Bronze Man Manual of Acupuncture and Moxibustion) states: Dazhui is in the depression above the first vertebra; all meridians agree. Only *Ming Tang Xia Jing* (Ming Hall Lower Classic) states it is below the first vertebra. Since Taodao is below the first vertebra, Dazhui should not also be below the first vertebra. It must be that *Xia Jing* erroneously wrote "below" instead of "above." Examining *Xia Jing*, it also states Taodao is below the segment of Dazhui, which agrees with *Tong Ren*. This confirms the error of writing "below" for "above" without doubt.
Taodao (GV13, Pathway of Breath) is located in the interspace below the segment of Dazhui. Locate while bending forward. Moxa 5 cones. Needle 5 fen.
Shenzhu (GV12, Pillar of Spirit) is located in the interspace below the segment of the third vertebra. Needle 5 fen. Moxa 7x7=49 cones. Wang Mingtang states: 5 cones. The text below states: 3 cones.
Shendao (GV11, Pathway of Spirit) is located in the interspace below the segment of the fifth vertebra. Locate while bending forward. Moxa 7x7=49 cones, up to 100 cones. For pediatric wind-phlegm epilepsy and convulsions, moxa 7 cones. Wang Mingtang states: Needle 5 fen, moxa 3 cones. The text below states: 5 cones.
Lingtai (GV10, Spirit Platform) is located in the interspace below the segment of the sixth vertebra. Locate while bending forward. The classic lacks treatment indications. Originates from *Su Wen* (Basic Questions).
Zhiyang (GV9, Supreme Yang) is located in the interspace below the segment of the seventh vertebra. Locate while bending forward. Needle 5 fen. Moxa 3 cones. Wang Mingtang's text below states: 7 cones.
Jinsuo (GV8, Tendon Contraction) is located in the interspace below the segment of the ninth vertebra. Locate while bending forward. Needle 5 fen. Moxa 3 cones. Wang Mingtang's text below states: 7 cones.
Jizhong (GV7, Spine Center), also known as Shenzong, is located in the interspace below the segment of the eleventh vertebra. Locate while bending forward. Moxibustion is contraindicated; moxibustion may cause kyphosis (hunchback) of the waist and back. Needle 5 fen. Obtain Deqi (arrival of qi). (*Ming Tang* writes Jishu. Also known as Jizhong. Located in the center of the eleventh vertebra. Jieji (GV6, Connecting Vertebra) is in the interspace below the twelfth vertebra. (*Xia Jing* treats pediatric malnutrition with rectal prolapse.)
Xianshu (GV5, Hanging Pivot) is located in the interspace below the segment of the thirteenth vertebra. Locate while lying prone. Needle 3 fen. Moxa 3 cones. Wang Mingtang states: In the interspace below the twelfth vertebra. The text below states: Below the eleventh vertebra.
*Tong Ren* states: Xianshu is in the interspace below the thirteenth vertebra. *Ming Tang Shang Jing* (Ming Hall Upper Classic) places it in the interspace below the twelfth vertebra. *Xia Jing* places it below the eleventh vertebra. Since Jizhong is below the eleventh vertebra, Xianshu should not also be below the eleventh vertebra. It is certain this is an error. Examining *Su Wen*, it agrees with *Tong Ren*. *Tong Ren* should be considered correct. *Ming Tang Shang Jing* also erroneously wrote three characters as two. In summary, Jieji is simply below the segment of the twelfth vertebra.
Mingmen (GV4, Gate of Life), also known as Shulei, is located in the interspace below the segment of the fourteenth vertebra. Locate while lying prone. (Wang Mingtang writes: Locate while bending forward.) Needle 5 fen. Moxa 3 cones.
Yangguan (GV3, Yang Pass) is located in the interspace below the sixteenth vertebra. Locate while lying prone. Needle 5 fen. Moxa 3 cones. Treatment indications are missing. Originates from *Su Wen*.
Yaoshu (GV2, Waist Shu), also known as Beijie, Sukong, Yaozhu, and Yaohu, is located in the depression below the segment of the twenty-first vertebra. Extend the abdomen, lie supine, and stretch the body. Cross hands to support the forehead. Relax limbs backward, then locate the point. Needle 8 fen. Retain needle for three breaths. For reducing method, inhale five times. Moxa 7 cones up to 7x7=49 cones. Avoid sexual fatigue, lifting heavy weights, and strenuous exertion.
*Jia Yi Jing* states: Needle 2 cun. Retain needle for seven breaths. Moxa 7x7=49 cones. Wang Mingtang states: 3 cones. The text below states: 5 cones. *Su Wen* annotation states: Needle 1 fen. New Correction states: According to *Jia Yi Jing*, it is 2 cun. Annotation for Shuire point also allows 2 cun. Annotations for *Qifu Lun* and *Gukong Lun* state 1 fen. Also known as Sukong.
Changqiang (GV1, Long Strength), also known as Qi Zhi Yin, is the divergent collateral of the Du Meridian. Locate the point while the patient is prone (feet touching the ground). *Jia Yi Jing* states: At the end of the spine. Needle 3 fen. Rotate the needle until severe pain is felt. The point must be located while prone to be accurate. Moxibustion is inferior to needling. Moxa 30 cones daily, up to 200 cones. This point is the root of hemorrhoids, caused by cold. Avoid cold food and sexual fatigue. *Jia Yi Jing* states: Needle 2 cun. Retain needle for seven breaths. Wang Mingtang's text below states: 5 cones.
From Dazhui to Yaoshu, the length is equivalent to 3 chi of Cun-bian (body-inch measurement). Use proportional measurement to locate points. (Jia)
An internal medicine physician stated: Whenever moxibusting vertebral bones, one should moxa at the bony prominence of the joint for efficacy. Moxa below the joint on the bone shaft has no effect. Comparing meat/fish with bone, his words are credible. Why not follow his advice and moxa at the bony joints?